Biomass energy has great potential to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China

1. "Green" power generation target, that is, all power generation companies must complete a certain target of carbon zero emission power generation;

3. Penalties for failure to meet "green" power generation targets;

Such successful changes have emboldened the UK and Denmark to announce that they will close all their coal plants by 2025 and 2030, respectively. The experience of countries such as Denmark and the United Kingdom shows that in order for coal-fired thermal power plants to achieve low-carbon development through coal-biomass mixed combustion, three conditions must be met:

2. Establish a reliable supply market for biomass fuel;

The prerequisite is that there must be an adequate and relatively stable supply of biomass fuel. In the aspect of biological raw material resources, our country has the advantage that can not be ignored.

China's national conditions determine that it is impossible for us to import a large number of raw materials for biomass energy like European and American countries. Therefore, the key to the current and future large-scale application of biomass energy in China is firstly the resource potential, and secondly the ability to transform the theoretical resource potential into practical application.

Our accurate estimation of the huge potential of marginal land for planting energy plants is that the three types of marginal land suitable for planting energy plants (shrubs, grasses), namely shrub, woodland and low cover grassland, total 179 million hectares; The net primary productivity (NPP) of 1.8 million land units was first calculated on a 1 km grid, then converted to biomass of energy plants and above-ground (available) biomass, and then converted to energy. The annual energy plant energy plus the estimated annual available organic waste (including crop straw, agricultural product processing residues, livestock and poultry manure, forestry tending, logging and processing residues, municipal household waste, industrial wastewater/domestic sewage and catering waste oil) is converted into energy, The total annual biomass energy resource is 956 million tons of standard coal (considering that livestock and poultry manure, waste, sewage and waste oil are not suitable for coupled power generation, the available biomass resource for power generation is 5.69 tons of standard coal). It is important to emphasize that this resource potential is the situation of energy plants under completely natural (growth) conditions. If artificial cultivation is necessary to increase the input (water, fertilizer, seed selection, etc.) and management, the biomass and energy potential of energy plants can be doubled, quadrupled or even more. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of production and living standards, the amount of urban and rural organic waste resources will continue to increase. Expanding the area of afforestation will also increase the output of the "three residues". Therefore, by then, the annual resources available for biomass will exceed 2 billion tons of standard coal. At present, the amount of coal used for power generation in China is about 1.6 billion tons of standard coal per year.

If you look at it from another perspective, such a huge pillar industry and market with an annual output value of more than one trillion yuan, including an extremely large number of labor positions, is precisely the urgent need to revitalize the countryside. The practice of some biomass direct combustion power plants participating in poverty alleviation in the past few years has proved that there is a large number of abandoned and unharvested agricultural and forest organic matter in rural areas. As long as a perennial purchase station is set up, a weak labor force or even the disabled can earn tens of thousands of yuan a year by collecting and selling these raw materials.

Sixth, some suggestions for high-quality low-carbon power generation in China

1. The first is to adopt the innovative coal power upgrading technology that has been demonstrated and operated, and upgrade the existing coal power units in service. In addition to phasing out the backward, low efficiency and high coal consumption units, all coal power units in service, including the sub-critical, supercritical and ultra-supercritical units of 300,000 kW, 600,000 kW and 1 million kW grades, will be upgraded. Formulate specific power supply coal consumption requirements and carbon emission intensity standards, as well as flexible low load performance requirements, limited time to complete, otherwise not allowed to run online. Strive to complete the upgrading of all coal power units in service as far as possible during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. To realize the development of high efficiency and low coal consumption of in-service coal power units is actually the basis and premise of realizing the coupling of coal power and biomass power generation.

(3) Formulate a series of policies to promote the cultivation of shrubs, grasses and other energy plants on marginal land and the transformation of forest land, and establish an industrial chain for the collection, storage, transportation and primary processing of agricultural and forest waste and energy plants. Promote the establishment of a national biomass fuel supply and demand market. The utilization of biomass power generation has gradually changed from small direct combustion power plants to large-scale coal-fired power plants.