Why should our COUNTRY DEVELOP GREEN BUILDING VIGOROUSLY?

1. What is green building

Green buildings refer to high-quality buildings that save resources, protect the environment, reduce pollution, provide people with healthy, applicable and efficient use space, and maximize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature in the whole life cycle.

Green buildings should follow the principle of adapting to local conditions, combined with the characteristics of the climate, environment, resources, economy and culture of the region where the building is located, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of five indexes such as safety and durability, health and comfort, convenience of life, resource conservation and environmental livable during the whole life period of the building.

The interior layout of the green building is very rational, minimizing the use of synthetic materials, making full use of sunlight, saving energy, and creating a sense of proximity to nature for the occupants. To the coordinated development of people, buildings and natural environment as the goal, in the use of natural conditions and artificial means to create a good, healthy living environment at the same time, as far as possible to control and reduce the use of the natural environment and damage, fully reflect the balance between the demand and return to nature.

2. Why should we develop green buildings?

With the development of China's economy and society and the further improvement of new urbanization levels, the construction industry of our country is in a period of relative prosperity, and has become the largest construction market in the world. However, the carbon dioxide generated by China's construction industry is about 30% of the total emissions of the whole society, and the widespread use of heating equipment and air conditioning in residents' lives has also caused the sustainable development of high pollution and high energy consumption in the construction industry. However, in the context of today's great development, the traditional construction methods that originally consume resources and sacrifice the environment can no longer meet the requirements of the current era, and new ways are needed to maintain the healthy development of the construction industry.

At present, under the influence of global environmental deterioration and the globalization of low-carbon economy, human beings are gradually aware of the interrelationship with the environment and ecology, so as to urgently seek environmentally friendly, green and healthy new buildings, so as to better realize the harmonious and sustainable development of human and society. However, the realization of low carbon development of green building has become an inevitable requirement for the economic development of our country. Therefore, the concept of green building came into being, which is to integrate energy saving and environmental protection into the implementation plan of the building, which brings new development ideas to the construction industry.

As we all know, construction industry and real estate industry is a new pillar industry of national economy after agriculture, industry and commerce, and its economic benefits are obvious to all. However, with the continuous development of social economy, it is difficult to achieve long-term development by relying only on the extensive development mode of high consumption, high emission, low efficiency and difficult circulation of the traditional construction industry. In 2020, China's construction area will reach 80 billion m2 to 100 billion m2, so it is urgent to take scientific and powerful energy-saving and emission reduction measures, establish low-carbon concepts, study the development countermeasures of green buildings, actively improve air quality, and achieve the policy goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 50%.

In the face of the increasing shortage of resources and the deteriorating ecological environment, it is particularly important to promote the development of green buildings. The design of green building starts from saving resources and improving the utilization rate of resources, which is an inevitable requirement for our country to establish a saving society. At the same time, through the development of green buildings, it can stimulate the use of new technologies and the application of new materials, which plays a certain role in promoting the development and innovation of related industries.

3.Current situation of the development of green building in our country

1. Development achievements

(1) The scale of development has continued to expand, and the development benefits have initially emerged

Since China officially began to implement the green building evaluation and labeling system in April 2008, by the end of 2018, the total area of green building construction in cities and towns has exceeded 3 billion square meters, green buildings account for more than 50% of new civil buildings in cities and towns, and more than 13,000 projects have obtained green building evaluation and labeling. The comprehensive benefits of green buildings in terms of land saving, energy saving, water saving, material saving and environmental friendliness have initially emerged, and a number of demonstration projects and benchmarking projects have been formed, setting a benchmark for promoting the development of green buildings.

(2) The policy framework for promoting green development has been basically established

The first is to clarify the strategy and objectives of green building development. In 2013, the national Green Building Action Plan and local green building action implementation plan were issued, and the National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020) was released in 2014, which clarified the development strategy and target requirements of green building. The Central Urban Work Conference and the report of the 19th National Congress of the Party further clarified the green strategic orientation. Many provinces and cities have also made requirements for green building related content in the "13th Five-Year Plan" for building energy efficiency and green building, housing urban-rural construction or energy conservation and emission reduction.

Second, the path of progress has been basically determined. The way to promote the development of green buildings in various places is mainly to adopt a combination of "compulsory" and "incentive".

(3) The standard system supporting the development of green buildings has been gradually improved

The new version of the "Green Building Evaluation Standard" GB/T 50378 was officially implemented on August 1, 2019. As a fundamental technical standard to regulate and lead the development of green buildings in China, the "Green Building Evaluation Standard" (hereinafter referred to as the "Standard") has been released since 2006, after more than 10 years of "three editions and two revisions". The revised new "Standard" aims to implement the concept of green development, promote the high-quality development of buildings, save resources and protect the environment. The five index systems of "safety and durability, health and comfort, convenience of life, resource conservation and livable environment" have been innovated and reconstructed, paying more attention to quality and enhancing people's sense of gain, happiness and security. At the same time, connected with the new "Standard", the "Green Building evaluation labeling Management Measures" is being revised, and the two complement each other to jointly promote the green building evaluation work.

In addition, a large number of standards related to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of green buildings, including evaluation standards for green industries, offices, hospitals, shops, restaurants, exhibitions, campuses, ecological urban areas, and green transformation of existing buildings. And the green performance calculation of civil buildings, the existing community green transformation technical regulations and green high-rise, affordable housing, data centers, elderly buildings and other technical rules have also been promulgated, which together constitute the standard system of green building development. The green building standard system is enriched and improved in different dimensions, such as the whole life cycle, different building types, different regional characteristics, and from single to regional.

(4) The evaluation sign system has strongly promoted the development of green buildings

In order to standardize the work of China's green building evaluation and marking, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other relevant departments have issued a series of management documents since 2007, stipulating the organization and management, declaration procedures, supervision and inspection of green building evaluation and marking. And successively approved the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, and planned cities to carry out the evaluation and identification of one or two star green buildings in their regions, and the evaluation agencies basically cover the whole country, forming an organizational form from the central to the local government. In order to transform government functions and promote the healthy and rapid development of green buildings, the General Office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Notice on the Management of Green Building Evaluation Signs in October 2015 (Construction Office [2015] No. 53), which proposed to gradually implement the third-party evaluation of green building evaluation signs. The establishment of the third-party green building identification evaluation system is conducive to promoting the development of green buildings in a market way.

(5) The technical support of green buildings is continuously consolidated, and the incremental cost is reduced year by year

With the support of the State and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development for green building research projects, breakthroughs have been made in common key technologies such as green building planning and design, green transformation of existing buildings, and green construction, and the performance of green building materials and products has been continuously improved. Green buildings are integrated with the Internet, and technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data are used to improve energy, water and material saving and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, renewable energy utilization, outdoor shading, rainwater storage, municipal water, ready-mixed concrete, ready-mixed mortar and other green technologies have been gradually promoted and applied in some areas, and the understanding of green building concepts such as "passive technology priority, active technology optimization" has been deepening. Many green building technologies with low incremental cost, good regional adaptability and mature technical system are gradually accepted by the market, and the incremental cost of green buildings is decreasing year by year

(6) Explore the establishment of completion acceptance and delivery of housing inspection mechanisms, and enhance the supervision and participation of the people

In order to improve the people's sense of gain, happiness and security in the development of green buildings, improve the quality of green housing projects, and fulfill the quality and performance of green housing, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is studying and developing a user supervision mechanism, and pilot the establishment of a supervision mechanism for the completion acceptance and delivery of green housing in some key areas: On the one hand, it is required to check the implementation of green performance indicators in the process of household acceptance of housing project quality, and timely supervise the relevant parties to seriously rectify the problems found; On the other hand, when the commercial house is required to be delivered for use, the development and construction unit shall provide the purchaser with the "Commercial House Quality Guarantee Certificate" and "Commercial House Use Instruction Manual" which clearly specify the requirements of green performance indicators, and accept the inspection of the purchaser.

4. Development issues

(1) The development of green buildings focuses on design and light operation

According to the relevant annual green building evaluation and identification statistical report, green building operation identification projects only account for about 6% of the total number of identification projects, green building design and construction, operation disconnect, "green building on the drawing" problem is prominent, the user's actual experience is not strong.

(2) Unbalanced geographical distribution

Most of the green building evaluation and marking projects are mainly concentrated in the economically developed eastern coastal areas such as Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hebei and Zhejiang, and relatively few economically underdeveloped areas such as the central and western regions.

(3) Lack of upper position law to support the development of green buildings

First, the Construction Law and the Urban and Rural Planning Law do not involve green buildings; Second, the administrative regulations are not perfect, "Civil building energy Conservation Regulations" and "Public building energy conservation Regulations" lack of green related content requirements; Third, local regulations are not perfect, and most places have not yet issued administrative regulations to promote the development of green buildings. At present, the main work to promote the development of green buildings is only based on policy documents such as the "Green Building Action Plan", which is difficult to effectively coordinate and coordinate various departments to form work forces, and the implementation of relevant policies has been reduced. Promoting the development of green buildings, as the deepening and extension of building energy conservation work, has been developed for more than 10 years, and has the conditions for inclusion in the legislative process. We should pay close attention to legislation and break through the blank of the absence of upper law.

(4) The green building quality supervision mechanism needs to be improved

For projects that enforce green building standards, there is a lack of quality control from planning, design, construction and completion. Some places have incorporated the requirements of green building standards into the key points of construction drawing review, but due to the lack of control of planning links and acceptance of completion links, it is difficult to guarantee green quality.

(5) The long-term mechanism to promote the development of green buildings with the market as the lead has not yet formed

The development of green buildings is still mainly driven by the government, and the decisive role of the market in allocating resources has not yet been established to give full play to the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in the development of green buildings, and no mechanism has been formed to comprehensively promote the market-oriented development of green buildings. At the same time, the market demand side of green buildings has not yet formed. The concept of green building is not enough publicity, all walks of life lack of understanding of the connotation of green building, consumer as the main body of green building market environment has not yet formed; When users choose a building, they are faced with a series of professional indicators, rather than direct experience indicators. The advantages of green buildings cannot be reflected, and there is no influence on users' active selection of green buildings.

(6) The constraint of incremental cost

Green buildings use new technologies and materials such as doors and Windows with good thermal insulation performance. From the perspective of the whole life of the building, the input-output ratio of green buildings is higher than that of traditional buildings. In the later use process, green buildings have great advantages in terms of water saving, electricity saving and energy saving.