Green ship low-carbon development trend and countermeasures

In order to fully introduce Marine power alternative fuels and related technologies around 2028, Japan has established key pilot projects and research technologies in recent years: First, accelerate the pilot of the dual-fuel internal combustion engine project, by carrying out the trial of the dual-fuel internal combustion engine of conventional fuel and hydrogen/ammonia alternative fuel, to achieve the goal of applying it to small coastal vessels by 2026, and expand the application of the technology to large ocean-going ships with the improvement of the technology; Second, encourage the use of LNG fuel, carbon cycle CH4 fuel, and formulate measures to solve the problem of CH4 escape; The third is to improve the CO2 capture rate, reduce the size, cost and power to optimize the performance of the CO2 capture system on board. Fourth, by enhancing the battery energy density, improve the efficiency of the battery propulsion system and other ways to meet the needs of large ocean-going ships for long endurance.

In practice, Japan is working on the concept design of super ecological ships, developing four types of zero-emission ships (hydrogen fuel ships, ammonia fuel ships, CO2 capture ships, ultra-efficient LNG fuel ships), and exploring the possibility of ecological development of container ships and bulk carriers in the future. The project has clarified the possibility and challenge of introducing zero-emission ships from the technical point of view. While developing the concept design of 80,000 DWT bulk hydrogen fuel ships and 20,000 TEU container hydrogen fuel ships, it has determined the key technical problems to be solved in the development of liquefied hydrogen fuel ships. For example, developing hydrogen fuel engines and fuel supply systems, increasing the size of fuel tanks, strengthening thermal protection systems, and preventing hydrogen leakage. Japan Classification Society tries to improve and enhance the green performance of ships by optimizing ship type, reducing hull friction, improving ship propulsion efficiency, improving waste heat recovery and operational efficiency, etc., and has made certain research progress [6].