Steel industry supply chain to achieve the goal of "double carbon" path analysis and impact on cost

(2) The carbon emission cost of steel production is rising. According to the situation of the spot trading market of carbon emission allowances piloted in the past few years, the general trend of most trading markets is that the total transaction volume is on the rise, and the average transaction price is on the rise. This indicates that the carbon emissions trading costs of non-compliant enterprises will gradually increase. According to the trading data published by Guangzhou Carbon Emission Rights Exchange, the annual trading volume in 2015 was 113,992 million yuan, far lower than the annual trading volume in 2020 of 83,454.15 million yuan, and the average trading price of 25.58 yuan/ton in 2020 was higher than that of 16.38 yuan/ton in 2015. From the national carbon market trading data released by the Shanghai Environment Exchange, the trading volume of the listing agreement in the first month of trading (July 16 to July 30) was 5.052 million tons, the highest trading price was 61.07 yuan/ton, and the average monthly trading price was 51.86 yuan/ton, which was much higher than the trading price during the pilot. In addition, EU carbon emission quota trading data shows that the average closing price for the whole year of 2018 was 17.45 euros/ton, and the average closing price for the whole year of 2019 was 24.91 euros/ton. As can be seen from the carbon emission trading situation in China and the EU, the trading price continues to increase, and the carbon emission cost of non-standard enterprises continues to increase.

(3) Steel logistics road transport needs to pay a price for carbon emissions. The "double points" policy of the automobile industry (that is, the "Measures for the Parallel Management of the average fuel consumption of Passenger Car Enterprises and the points of new energy Vehicles") stipulates that the average fuel consumption of passenger car enterprises produces positive points if the average fuel consumption is lower than the standard value, and negative points if the average fuel consumption is higher than the standard value. The points trading market is a free trading market, and the price of the highest point per point can reach 3,000 yuan. Changan Automobile in 2020 to solve the cost of points not up to 740 million yuan. The 100,000 points obtained by NIO in 2019 were sold in the second half of 2020 and brought in a net income of 120 million yuan.

(4) Steel production needs to pay more costs for process transformation. The process transformation of green steel production includes electric furnace steelmaking and hydrogen steelmaking. In the short term, technology research and development and process transformation require continuous cost input. In the long run, it will reduce carbon emissions and reduce the cost of carbon emissions.

(5) Steel logistics to achieve green development requires a lot of capital investment. Green logistics should be realized by changing the mode of transport, developing multimodal transport, developing smart transportation and other means, and the transformation of related transport modes, infrastructure construction, and logistics informatization construction all require a large amount of capital investment. In the short term, it will bring a large increase in costs, but in the long run, it will bring about the reduction of carbon emissions and the improvement of logistics efficiency of the steel supply chain logistics, thus reducing the logistics costs of the steel industry. In order to achieve the "double carbon" goal, the steel industry should actively explore ways to reduce costs and increase efficiency. The cost of resources and environment for green development will be included in the cost accounting system. To achieve green management, reduce energy intensity and reduce carbon emissions, it is necessary to pay a lot of resource and environmental costs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the resource and environmental costs into the overall cost of the steel supply chain, and abandon the previous cost accounting method of simply accounting production and logistics costs. Based on a comprehensive understanding of the overall cost of the iron and steel industry chain and supply chain, the impact of various factors on the cost is systematically analyzed with detailed cost data, and the countermeasures to achieve the green development of the iron and steel industry are put forward. At the same time, we should actively study changing industrial layout to improve industrial concentration, optimize product structure to improve product added value, change traditional management concepts, adopt short-distance multimodal transport, information and digital means to improve production and transportation efficiency and improve the recycling of solid gas and waste gas in steel production to reduce the cost of steel industry chain and supply chain. We will promote the healthy and sustainable development of the steel industry.