Gas "natural gas power generation ② : Is natural gas enough? What is the solution to high gas prices?

According to Caijing magazine, in 2019, taking a gas-fired power plant located in the Pearl River Delta as an example, its gas price cost was about 2.52 yuan/cubic meter, which dropped to about 2.15 yuan/cubic meter in the first half of 2020, and the converted fuel cost of KWH was about 0.42 yuan/KWH. Taking into account fixed-asset investment depreciation, the fuel cost of gas-fired power plants accounts for about three-quarters of the total power generation cost, which was about 0.58 yuan/KWH in the first half of last year.

It can be seen that although the global supply and demand is loose, natural gas is enough, but even if the international gas price bottomed out, the cost of gas and electricity is still high.

What's the reason? The cost composition of gas prices continues to be dismantled, and people from Jiangsu gas power plants and a gas power plant in North China directly pointed to the surging news about the high cost of the intermediate link. "The more than 40 cents of pipe transportation fee has beaten us to the ground."

The downstream expects to reduce costs in the natural gas market reform, that is, the "X+1+X" market model: diversified gas supply subjects, full competition in the sales market, fair access to storage and transportation facilities, and the formation of a "control the middle and let go of both ends" pattern.

In the "three barrels of oil" to increase domestic natural gas exploration and development efforts at the same time, a number of downstream power plant respondents called for the increase of upstream subjects, promote the competitive transfer of mining rights, stimulate the vitality of exploration and development, and truly form competition. In midstream, the construction of infrastructure such as LNG receiving stations will be accelerated, and the surplus capacity of LNG receiving stations will be opened to third parties in a fair manner. At the same time, vigorously promote the natural gas direct supply mode for large and medium-sized gas-fired power generation projects to reduce intermediate costs.

In recent years, with some state-owned large power generation groups, regional energy enterprises, urban gas enterprises to join the LNG import and receiving station investment queue, the gas source pattern tends to be diversified and market-oriented, and the dilemma of gas power plants "can not produce gas, to produce no gas" is expected to be gradually alleviated.

The more optimistic judgment in the industry is that all the suppliers and consumers use the natural gas pipeline network and other infrastructure fairly, and carry out many-to-many market competition, which is conducive to reducing the terminal gas price. Coupled with the reduction of intermediate links by direct supply, both the degree of supply security and the price problem will be significantly improved.

"The reform of the national oil and gas system has not been fully implemented, especially the capacity of the infrastructure such as natural gas receiving stations and natural gas pipelines is still far from enough." Some gas power plant people admitted to the surging news that it is true that international natural gas resources are rich and long-term supply exceeds demand, but to truly revitalize resources, the prerequisite is that domestic hardware facilities should first. If the natural gas infrastructure is rich enough and the "meridians" of natural gas supply are not smooth, the sufficient gas source can only be water without a source and a tree without roots.

For the historical problems left over by the long association, Zhu Xingshan suggested that the price review, contract renegotiation and other ways to reduce the signed contract price and pay or not; The relevant departments of the state take the lead in studying the original long-trade contract sharing mechanism; Create conditions for enterprises to make full use of the spot, for example, increase the flexibility of oil production assessment, accelerate the construction of LNG receiving stations, and force the surplus capacity of LNG receiving stations to be fair and open to third parties. At the same time, natural gas transmission and distribution and power transmission and distribution are both network-based natural monopoly industries, with similar investment and operating risks, should refer to the permitted rate of return of the power grid to determine the permitted rate of return of the transmission and distribution network, while strengthening cost supervision and information disclosure.

In addition to the cost of "gas", is there room for the cost of "electricity" to be compressed? A common view is that the gas turbine is "controlled by others", which has also led to the long-term inability of gas and electricity to be lightly loaded. To what extent can autonomous gas turbines enhance the competitiveness of the gas and electricity industry?