Application of membrane technology in chemical wastewater treatment

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's environmental awareness and environmental protection concepts, the treatment quality and treatment measures of chemical wastewater have been widely concerned and highly valued. At the same time, with the acceleration of urbanization, the treatment of chemical wastewater has become a more important issue. If the pollution problem is not handled properly, it will not only affect the normal operation and development of the city, but also lead to the continuous infiltration and accumulation of pollutants in the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt scientific treatment methods to effectively treat chemical wastewater in order to achieve the discharge standard. At present, various sewage treatment technologies and methods emerge in an endless stream. Membrane technology is the representative technology of wastewater treatment in chemical enterprises at present. In the process of chemical wastewater treatment, high efficiency membrane technology and activated sludge process are usually combined to remove sewage. Toxic and harmful substances in sewage can achieve the effect of sewage purification and reduce various pollution threat factors in sewage.

1. Basic overview of membrane technology in chemical wastewater treatment

1.1 Basic classification of membrane technology

According to the survey of relevant data, membrane technology is a separation technology that rose rapidly in the late 1960s. Compared with the traditional separation technology, this technology has obvious advantages in separation quality and efficiency, so it has been widely used in most daily industrial production, and has played an important strategic role in the industrial technology reform in the 21st century.

With the continuous development of China's socialist market economy and the continuous progress of science and technology, the research and development of membrane technology has made breakthrough progress, and membrane technology covers all aspects of technology types and application fields. Therefore, a comprehensive and systematic understanding and division of membrane technology is an important basis for ensuring the long-term and stable development of enterprises.

In general, if the membrane structure is classified, the membrane in chemical wastewater treatment can be divided into solid membrane and liquid membrane. The solid membrane is divided into symmetric membrane and asymmetric membrane, and the liquid membrane is divided into solid porous support layer. Liquid film in liquid film and liquid film in emulsion form; If classified according to chemical composition, the performance of various films used for chemical wastewater treatment is not the same, among which, chemical stability, thermal stability, mechanical properties and affinity and performance are important basis for the classification of membrane chemical composition. Materials; If classified according to geometric form, the membrane composition structure in chemical wastewater treatment can be divided into plate frame type, round tube type, spiral winding type and hollow fiber type. When using membrane technology, these four membrane modules are the basic separation units of the membrane separation device.

1.2 Working characteristics of membrane separation technology

Compared with the traditional separation technology, the separation of the new classification technology - membrane technology is an effective separation process. It can separate substances with relative molecular weights of thousands or even hundreds, compensating for the fact that earlier separation techniques could only handle large molecules. In the process of membrane separation, the energy consumption of membrane technology is much lower than that of traditional multi-effect distillation separation technology. At the same time, most membrane separation processes do not undergo "phase" changes. In addition, the application of membrane separation technology also has the characteristics of low energy consumption, small footprint, strong purification capacity, and obvious economic advantages. Therefore, it is the most widely used treatment technology in the current industrial production process.

1.3 Working principle of membrane separation technology

The membranes used in chemical wastewater treatment mainly refer to membranes with selective permeability, that is, when two or more substances pass through, they can be separated, purified and concentrated according to certain properties and structures. Ensure product quality.

According to the survey of relevant data, the membrane currently used by enterprises can be divided into solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase. Membrane structure in membrane technology can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, which has an important impact on the separation effect of membrane technology in enterprises. The effect of membrane technology is almost negligible, but in order to maximize the separation quality and efficiency of membrane technology, the membrane applied to membrane technology must have selective permeability. In the application process of membrane separation technology, its main working principle is divided into the following two aspects: On the one hand, the technology is based on the difference in quality, volume, size, density and geometric form of two or more mixtures. They are separated by screening. On the other hand, the technology also uses efficient means to separate substances according to the chemical properties of the substances in the mixture.