Regeneration of waste - biomass energy

Germany, in particular, leads the world in installed biomass power capacity, thanks to the implementation of the Renewable Energy Act, which has promoted the rapid growth of onshore wind, solar photovoltaic and biomass power generation by establishing grid priorities for renewable energy and providing feed-in tariff subsidies. In Northern Europe, which is rich in forestry resources, biomass heating has become the main way of district heating.

The development of biomass energy in our country

In recent years, in order to promote the development of the biomass energy industry, our country has issued a lot of policies. For example, the "14th Five-Year Plan" Comprehensive Work Plan for energy conservation and emission Reduction issued by The State Council in 2021 proposes to accelerate the application of renewable energy such as wind, solar, and biomass energy in agricultural production and rural life, and orderly promote clean rural heating.

On June 1, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with the National Energy Administration and other eight departments issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development", pointing out that to steadily promote the diversified development of biomass energy, the following four points are needed: Steadily develop biomass power generation; Actively develop biomass energy clean heating; Accelerate the development of biological natural gas; Vigorously develop non-food biomass liquid fuel, and actively develop cellulose and other non-food fuel ethanol.

China's biomass resources are restricted by the shortage of cultivated land, mainly in various types of residual and waste (passive biomass resources), mainly including agricultural waste, forestry waste, domestic waste, sewage sludge and so on. At present, the annual production of China's main biomass resources is about 3.494 billion tons, and the development potential of biomass resources as energy utilization is 460 million tons of standard coal.

1. Potential analysis of biomass power generation

According to the research of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the cost reduction space of biomass power generation equipment in the past 10 years is not large, and the main factor affecting the cost of power generation is the price of its raw materials. Although the cost of biomass power generation is much higher than that of wind power, photovoltaic and other renewable energy power generation costs, but the output of biomass power generation is stable, can participate in power peak regulation, if combined with heat storage, can participate in the depth of the power market peak regulation, the future in the power trading market to obtain auxiliary services, standby capacity and other benefits at the same time, can flexibly participate in the heat market, provide clean heat.

According to statistical analysis, it is predicted that by 2030, China's total installed capacity of biomass power generation will reach 52 million kilowatts, providing more than 330 billion kilowatt-hours of clean electricity, and reducing carbon emissions by more than 230 million tons. By 2060, China's total installed capacity of biomass power generation will reach 100 million kilowatts, providing more than 660 billion kilowatt-hours of clean electricity, and reducing carbon emissions by more than 460 million tons.

The development of biomass energy can also solve the problem of harmless and reduced disposal of all kinds of organic waste in urban and rural China. In the context of comprehensively promoting the rural revitalization strategy, the future development of biomass energy will need to take a "agriculture - environment - energy - agriculture" green low-carbon closed cycle development road. In the future, with the further improvement of the policy environment for the development of the biomass energy industry and the further improvement of the technical level, the diversified development and utilization of biomass energy may usher in new opportunities for vigorous development.

2, biomass clean heating potential analysis

Biomass clean heating is mainly used in industrial parks, industrial enterprises, commercial facilities, public service facilities, rural residents heating and other heating fields, the main heating methods are biomass cogeneration, biomass boiler central heating, household boiler stoves and so on. At present, China's biomass clean heating area is more than 300 million square meters. According to various types of data, it is estimated that the current national biomass heat supply exceeds 300 million GJ, and voluntary emission reduction exceeds 30 million tons.

From the current county environmental development point of view, biomass thermal power, heating, biological natural gas can directly replace traditional fossil energy such as bulk coal on the consumption side, the use of biomass resources according to local conditions, has a revolutionary impact on promoting rural production and life energy use, provide rural residents with stable and cheap clean renewable energy, and enjoy no difference in energy use services with urban residents.