Regeneration of waste - biomass energy

3060 "double carbon" goal proposed to accelerate the upgrading of the domestic industrial structure adjustment and energy green low-carbon clean and efficient transformation and development, of which photovoltaic power generation, wind power, hydropower rapid development, nuclear power is also under the guidance of the national top-level design, there is a more clear development route. However, we should not ignore that there is another renewable energy, which is also shining for the realization of "carbon neutrality" in urban and rural areas, and it is the internationally recognized zero-carbon energy - biomass energy.

Biomass refers to various organisms formed through photosynthesis, including all plants, animals and microorganisms, present in our daily lives. Biomass energy refers to the storage of carbon dioxide by solar energy through photosynthesis and the conversion of chemical energy in biomass, that is, energy using biomass as a carrier.

It is directly or indirectly derived from the photosynthesis of green plants and can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, which is a renewable energy source and the only renewable carbon source. It is calculated that the energy stored by biomass is twice the current total energy consumption in the world, and when combined with BECCS (Bioenergy and carbon capture and storage) technology, biomass energy will create negative carbon emissions.

Biomass energy sources are wide, agricultural waste, wood and forest waste, urban organic waste, algae biomass, waste oil and energy crops can be used to produce biomass energy, mainly in power generation, heating, gas supply and other ways used in industry, agriculture, transportation and life and other fields, is other renewable energy can not be replaced. Specific applications include biomass power generation, heating, urban waste to biological gas, rural biogas, biodiesel and ethanol fuel, which is an important support for green transportation and green urban and rural construction.

At present, China's biomass resources are about 461 million tons of energy utilization, and the carbon emission reduction is about 218 million tons. The 3060 Zero-carbon Biomass Energy Development Potential Blue Book predicts that it is expected that by 2030, the use of biomass energy in various ways will reduce carbon emissions for the whole society by more than 900 million tons, and by 2060, it will achieve carbon reduction of more than 2 billion tons.

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Global biomass energy development

The rise and development of biomass energy originated from the global oil crisis in the 1970s, and it was favored by the world as a representative of renewable energy, especially in developed countries, and biomass energy was given an important energy strategic positioning. Countries around the world have promoted the comprehensive development of biomass energy through the formulation of corresponding policies and regulations, and the United States, Brazil, the European Union and other countries have a rapid development process.

Through a series of legislation, planning and policy formulation initiatives based on the Agricultural Bill of the United States, the United States government has established a biomass energy technology development system through federal funding, and has provided financial support for biomass energy-related research and biofuels to continue to promote the research, development and utilization of biomass resources.

According to the "2022-2026 U.S. biomass power generation market In-depth research and Analysis Report" released by the New Thinking industry Research Center, at present, the United States has established nearly 500 biomass power stations, and it is still growing, and the total domestic biomass power generation has also increased. By the end of 2019, the total amount of biomass power generation in the United States reached 7358MW, of which the waste incineration power generation market accounted for about 57%, which is the largest and most important component of the biomass power generation industry. In addition to leading the world in biomass power generation, the United States is also a major producer and consumer of fuel ethanol, the main raw material is corn, and some cellulosic ethanol projects are currently in operation. Also dependent on domestic soybean production, the United States accounted for 14% of the world's biodiesel production in 2019, ranking second in the world.

According to the Renewables 2019 Global Status Report released by REN21, Brazil's installed biomass power capacity in 2018 was about 14.7 million kilowatts, generating 54 billion kilowatt-hours. Brazil is a major producer of fuel ethanol, the main raw material for the production of fuel ethanol is sugar cane, sugar cane cultivation and fuel ethanol production produced a large number of bagasse, the use of bagasse power generation is the main use of biomass power generation in Brazil, according to statistics, the sugar industry provides more than 20 billion KWH of power generation.

Driven by renewable energy-related legislation, biomass power generation in the EU continues to grow. In 2020, the installed capacity of biomass power generation in Europe will be about 42 GW (of which 34 GW will be installed in the EU). The biomass power generation project is mainly based on cogeneration, through which the biomass energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved to meet the local electricity heating needs, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and maximizing the advantages of biomass energy.