A hundred years of magnificent history, there are other worlds to change the world

First, chaos is not divided, seams for survival

Like most national industry and commerce, China's pharmaceutical industry also sprouted in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which was a great era of absurd humiliation but surging.

Since the Opium War opened China's doors, foreign capital and goods have poured in.

British businessmen Lao De Ji, Watsons pharmacy everywhere, almost swept the capital cities of China.

Every pharmacy earned a pot full of pot, Japan "Ren Dan" can almost be used to describe the flood.

The power of the "Treaty of Shimonoseki" allowed foreign companies to obtain the privilege of opening factories in China, and foreign companies took the opportunity to expand the original Western pharmacy into a pharmaceutical factory.

Founded in 1900, "Shide's Pharmaceutical Factory" was the first foreign pharmaceutical factory since the end of the Qing Dynasty.

Profitable, naturally there is a story of unwilling people.

In response to the call of the government to "master Yi and grow skills to control Yi", many national capitalists invested in the construction of factories.

In 1912, Huang Chujiu founded Shanghai's first national capital Western medicine factory Longhu Company in Hankou Road, specializing in the production and marketing of "Longhu human Dan".

The advertisement of "Travel should not be unprepared, home should not be unprepared, the king of first aid, the treasure of the world" is overwhelming, which can be said to be the first advertising of pharmaceutical companies.

The copycat version of "Rendan" once became a symbol of domestic products, and Japanese businessmen were even angry to Sue Western medicine factory Longhu Company for trademark infringement.

In this age of humiliation, feeding the family is the only goal in the struggle to survive.

Foreign painkillers, landing in China will become pain relief powder, analgesic Dan, rejuvenation prescription... ; The same kind of oil is more varied, universal oil, Ruyi oil, free oil, cross oil, hundred grass oil, heart oil, driving oil...

A hall can not, another hall to continue to sell, all change, as long as you can make money on the line.

At this time, drug manufacturers and pharmaceutical factories, as long as they are alive, they are more important than anything else.

Talk of ambition, to help the people, seems a little pale and weak.

Two, the danger of survival, moral speech

When the nation is in danger of survival, some people lower their heads, some people seek peace, some people stay away from right and wrong, of course, some people sacrifice their lives to go to the country, and the medical industry is no exception.

The rise of the May Fourth Movement woke up the sleeping lion.

"Boycott Japanese goods, promote domestic goods" resounding in the sky, Qin Runqing, then president of Shanghai Money Industry Association, put forward the important proposition that "business should also love the country".

On the one hand, the national pharmaceutical industry has sensed an opportunity for commercial development, and on the other hand, it is encouraged by patriotic propositions.

Xiang Songmao of Wuzhou Pharmacy Co., LTD., shouted angrily: "Selling foreign products, but picking up the rest of the soup, you must make new drugs to compete with it."

In 1921, Wuzhou Guben Soap Pharmaceutical Factory was formally established. By 1931, Wuzhou Pharmacy had 17 branches, 55 associated enterprises, and more than 100 kinds of products, worth nearly 10 million yuan, becoming the largest pharmaceutical enterprise in China at that time.

Like the five continents, the national pharmaceutical companies at this time are carrying the ideal of "saving the country by industry", and they are not afraid of power and make great strides.

After 1920, pharmaceutical factories in Shanghai, Guangzhou and other big cities mushroomed, and a large number of national enterprises with market competitiveness emerged, such as Shanghai Wuzhou, Sino-French, Xinya Pharmaceutical Factory, Guangzhou He Jigong, Huang Baoshan Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin Zhongxi, Weidimin Pharmaceutical Factory, etc.

In 1924, there were only 93 ethnic medicine factories founded by Chinese people, and by 1936, there were more than 300 in major provincial capitals.

Shot the first bird, Xiang Songmao's life is like a bright fireworks, frozen in the moment of full bloom. He was unfortunately captured by the Japanese army, however, he faced the enemy chief, righteously, and died in the country.

Item old to life to write "flat living should be a few want to keep healthy, the festival is a health commission; The family must live within its means, and take the great meaning as a precious treasure ", which encourages entrepreneurs to move on and on.

At the time of national salvation, ethnic medicine companies are like bronze peas that cannot be steamed, cooked, hammered, fried or banged, and only need a drop of rain to break the ground.

Three, between mountains and Yu, ups and downs

Never an industry is always smooth sailing, only through ups and downs, but standing, showing the hero, the backbone of the pharmaceutical industry is not in vain.

In 1937, the Japanese invaders set foot on the land of China, and the war began to smoke.

The Japanese army's three-light policy of "killing all, grabbing all and burning all" almost swept the major national industries and commerce.

Drugs were in greatest demand during the war. The importance of the pharmaceutical industry is self-evident, and the eyes of the Japanese army will naturally not let go of the national pharmaceutical industry in its embryonic stage.

In the early days of the war of Resistance, the Japanese artillery almost blew up the entire national pharmaceutical industry.

The wildfire burns endlessly, the spring breeze blows again.

The soaring price of drugs has naturally attracted speculative capital from all walks of life in order to hoard for profit.

With the help of capital, the pharmaceutical industry quickly recovered. Some well-equipped pharmaceutical factories began to research and produce chemical apis, such as glucose for injection and various sulfonamide antibiotics.

On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender, and the eight years of Anti-Japanese War finally brought peace.

The heroic singing of "Returning Home in Triumph" resounded throughout the land of China.

All walks of life are gearing up to do a great job and relieve eight years of oppression.

However, for the national pharmaceutical industry, the bigger test is still to come.

The Pacific War came to an abrupt end with the rapid defeat of Japan. The military medicine stockpiled by the US-led Allies had no use for it and had to be piled up in ports in the Far East.

The exquisite self-interest of capitalism is aimed at China, which is still in a state of ruin.

Surplus military drugs flooded into the Chinese pharmaceutical market, and domestic bureaucratic capital also took the opportunity to fan the fire, advocating the import of Western drugs, at one point 80% of the drugs on the market were imported.

In today's terms, this is naked dumping.

At the time, however, China was unable to anti-dumping.

Unable to compete, the national pharmaceutical companies are rapidly declining and closing down one after another. More than 70% of national pharmaceutical companies have been removed from the list, leaving less than 200 pharmaceutical factories, and survivors can only be at a semi-standstill.

The Chinese pharmaceutical industry, which survived the war of resistance, was hit hard by Allied dumping.

At this time, the medical community realized that living to death can be more tenacious, even if the road ahead is full of difficulties and dangers, have the confidence to get out of the trough, and have the courage to move forward fearlessly, is the real fighter.

4. Self-reliance and self-sufficiency

In 1949, the People's Republic of China was founded, the mountains and rivers were rebuilt, and the national industry beat the waters and the waves stopped the flying boats, but it was blocked by Western imperialism.

The greatest "achievement" of the Western imperialist policy of blockade and embargo is to force the new China to establish a complete, systematic, comprehensive and independent industrial system.

This is one of the important roots of the formation of the new China's independent, self-reliant and self-sufficient industrial system and economic development strategy, and the re-formal start of China's pharmaceutical industry is in this context.

After the devastation of the war and the dumping of the Allies, the lack of medicine is the true portrayal of the new China when it was founded.

Raw material shortage, backward technology, outdated equipment, weak foundation...

At this time of new China, medicine is more expensive than gold, and a medicine is difficult to find, folk spread: gold has a price and a drug is priceless.

It is with this wisdom and confidence that the Chinese pharmaceutical industry has launched a national plan.

In 1950, the National Pharmaceutical industry professional conference established the policy: "The development of raw materials, preparations as a supplement", the research and development of antibiotics, sulfonamides and other epidemic drugs as a focus.

"Self-reliance, hard work" has always been the glorious tradition of the Communist Party, with the transformation of enemy and counterfeit pharmaceutical factories, dilapidated factories, only three years of economic recovery period will produce more than 90 major chemical raw materials, the annual output of 99 tons.

We are familiar with the story: Shanghai Pharmaceutical factory auto repair plant trial produced the first batch of crystalline penicillin, the cradle of the chemical pharmaceutical industry, Northeast pharmaceutical produced a batch of rodenticides, insecticides and drinking water disinfectants such as 66, Qingshuilong... Set up one monument after another for later pharmaceutical people.

In 1953, with the beginning of the "First Five-Year Plan", the focus of pharmaceutical industry construction was shifted to antibiotics, chemical synthetic special drugs and related chemical intermediates.

Once the largest antibiotic production factory in Asia - North China Pharmaceutical Factory was completed and put into operation, completely ending the history of penicillin and streptomycin in China's dependence on imports.

Penicillin, which used to cost more than gold, has dropped to just a few cents a piece.

The large-scale production of antibiotics has made many diseases disappear in China, such as pneumonia, meningitis, tuberculosis and so on.

As a result, many Chinese believed that diseases could be fundamentally cured, and life expectancy in China increased dramatically, the "curse" of early death in middle age in backward regions was gone forever.

In 1964, China set up a trial pharmaceutical industry trust to implement unified management, unified accounting and unified distribution of people, goods and materials, and the profits of the national pharmaceutical industry were uniformly handed over to the state Treasury by the trust.

In addition, with the promulgation of regulations such as the "Measures for the Administration of Pharmaceutical Equipment Manufacturing" and the "Regulations on the Administration of Patent Medicines", the quality of drugs has been guaranteed, and the output, output value and profits of drugs have increased exponentially.

Under the state planning system, the main varieties of antibiotics, sulfonamides and endemic drugs have been basically self-sufficient, and the backward situation of dependence on imports of raw materials has been got rid of.

Under the unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, the regional medicine, health and other departments, adhere to the principle of facing the countryside and facing the people, and the past valuable drugs have developed into commonly used drugs for urban and rural medical treatment.

In 1967, the total output value of China's pharmaceutical industry had reached 7.2 billion yuan, and the output of six types of chemicals exceeded 13,000 tons.

Striving for the liberation and happiness of the people has always been the original aspiration of the CPC, and placing the people's health in a strategic position of development has always been the mission of the CPC.

The pharmaceutical industry from decline to prosperity, from small workshops to a complete system, from the lack of medicine to meet the needs of basic drugs, which is a great practice of China's pharmaceutical industry gradually towards independence.

The spring story, Western learning to the east

"Spring thunder ah woke up inside and outside the Great Wall, spring light ah warm through the two sides of the Great river", the story of spring from the South China Sea border small quickly resounded across the land of China. "Emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts", the chief designer through thousands of years of wisdom and calm, for the Chinese giant ship to take the helm. China has reached a crossroads, and so has its pharmaceutical industry.

Ten years of unrest, let the pharmaceutical industry on the right track once again encountered Waterloo, disorderly pharmaceutical factories, disorderly production of drugs, shoddy manufacturing... Chaos reigned and development stalled.

There may be troubles and opportunities in the growth of any industry, and the long wait for ten years has finally ushered in a turning point.

In 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee sounded the clarion call for reform and opening up.

The establishment of the State Administration of Medicine has realized the unified management of medicine in the true sense.

The release of various relevant policies has made great changes in the face of medical production in China.

How to deal with the relationship between "reform" and "opening up", how to deal with the relationship between "introduction" and "going out", has become the first important proposition of the State Administration of Medicine.

These two groups of relationships, to grasp both hands, both hands must be hard.

At that time, Lin Dong, director of the Office of the Foreign Affairs Bureau of the State Medical Administration, set his sights on Japan, which has deep roots with China and a desire for win-win cooperation.

The signing of the China-Japan Friendship Treaty and the promulgation of the Law on Sino-Foreign Joint Ventures have greatly accelerated the process of negotiation and cooperation.

In 1980, Lin Dong and Otsuka Akuhiko signed three documents on behalf of China and Japan respectively, the Contract for Joint Venture Operation of China Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., the Technical Cooperation Contract and the Articles of Association of China Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., LTD.

China Pharmaceutical Industry Corporation and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. of Japan invested in the establishment of a joint venture - Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., the first pharmaceutical joint venture in New China was born.

A single flower does not make a spring. Under the guidance of emancipating the mind, China's pharmaceutical industry ushered in the story of spring, the grass is growing and the nightingals are flying.

In 1981, China Pharmaceutical Foreign Trade Corporation was established, establishing an international exchange platform;

In 1982, the United States Squibb Company, China Pharmaceutical Foreign Trade Corporation and Shanghai Pharmaceutical Industry Company jointly established Sino-US Shanghai Squibb Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., which became the first Sino-US joint venture pharmaceutical company and passed the FDA certification.

Through the introduction, digestion and absorption, the national pharmaceutical industry has made great progress in terms of technology, varieties, dosage forms, quality and scale, coupled with the acceleration of the GMP promotion process, the popularization of new business concepts, the industrial scale has basically doubled every 5 years, and the whole industry has taken on a new look.

Chinese medicine needs the world, and world medicine also needs China.

In 1983, the "Vitamin C two-step fermentation production process" independently developed by the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Pharmaceutical Factory was transferred to Roche of Switzerland at a price of 5.5 million US dollars, achieving a breakthrough of "zero" technology export.

The first epoch-making product that became a global blockbuster was artemisinin.

In October 1981, at the International Artemisinin Conference held in Beijing sponsored by the World Health Organization, Tu Youyou made a report on the Chemical Research of artemisinin as the chief spokesperson, which was highly praised, saying that "the discovery of artemisinin not only adds a new antimalarial drug, but also has a more important significance in discovering the unique chemical structure of this new compound." It will point the way to the synthetic design of new drugs."

In 1992, in response to the shortcomings of artemisinin such as high cost and difficulty in curing malaria, Professor Tu Youyou's team invented dihydroartemisinin, an "upgraded version" with 10 times the anti-malaria effect of the former.

This drug is praised by the international medical community as the "killer" of drug-resistant malaria, and it is a drug that China has independent intellectual property rights and truly goes to the world.

In October 2015, the Karolinska Institute of Medicine of Sweden announced in Stockholm that Tu Youyou, a Chinese female pharmacologist and chief researcher of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

The spring breeze of reform is invigorated, and the open door inspires innovation. By 1995, the national production of chemical raw materials had reached 330,000 tons, and bulk chemicals such as antibiotics and vitamins had become the main force in the international market supply, and China's modern pharmaceutical industry had finally taken a place in the world.