Development history, current situation and future trend of automobile industry

Japan gave birth to Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mazda, Suzuki and other car manufacturers, and gave birth to world-renowned auto parts suppliers such as Denso and Aisin Seiji. Japan's Aichi prefecture gathers the world's largest automobile manufacturer Toyota, first-level supplier Denso, as well as Mitsubishi, Suzuki, Volkswagen Group and other major automobile manufacturers, a total of 14 car manufacturing plants in the area, becoming one of the most industrialized regions in Japan, but also the world's well-known auto parts manufacturing, car assembly in one of the comprehensive automobile industry cluster.

Korea

The first car manufacturer in Korea was Kia Motors, which was founded in 1944. In the 1960s, South Korea adopted the form of imported parts for assembly and began the road of national automobile development. In the 1970s, the Korean government implemented the automobile localization policy and introduced foreign technology to independently develop and produce automobiles. The automobile localization policy enabled the rapid development of the Korean automobile industry. In 1985, the annual output of Korean automobiles was 370,000, in 1990, 1.32 million, and in 1995, 2.54 million.

South Korea's local car market space is limited, the South Korean government to implement the automobile export-oriented strategy, starting from the 1980s, South Korean cars with a lower price strategy has entered the United States, the European market, in 1995, South Korean car exports reached 1.1 million. In 1996, the annual output of South Korea reached 2.83 million vehicles, becoming the world's fifth largest automobile manufacturer and the sixth largest automobile exporter, and South Korea has become a veritable automobile manufacturing power.

South Korea's auto industry has given birth to automakers such as Hyundai, Kia, Daewoo and Ssangyong, as well as world-renowned parts suppliers such as Mobis, and the auto industry has become a pillar industry of South Korea. It took 30 years for the United States to become an automobile industry power, nearly 20 years for Germany and Japan, and 17 years for South Korea to become an automobile manufacturing power, which is worth learning and learning from.

China

In 1929, Zhang Xueliang invested and prepared the Mingsheng factory, which trial-produced the first automobile in China. In the following 20 years, due to war factors, China's automobile industry was in a state of stagnation. From the founding of New China to the 1980s, China's automobile industry focused on the development of trucks and buses, and the "Dongfeng brand" truck independently developed by the second Automobile Factory reached an annual output of 100,000 vehicles in the mid-1980s, which was a miracle under the conditions of China at that time.

In the mid-1980s, the central government decided to establish a modern car industry. In 1984, Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation and Chrysler Corporation jointly invested and established China's first vehicle manufacturing company, and China's automobile industry entered the stage of foreign joint ventures, and a large number of joint ventures were born in China.

In the late 1990s, the central government decided to vigorously revitalize the automobile manufacturing industry and explicitly encouraged cars to enter the household. Subsequently, influential automobile manufacturing enterprises such as Chery, Great Wall and Geely were born in China, and China's automobile industry entered a period of rapid development. In 2009, China's annual automobile production reached 13.79 million units, ranking first in the world. Since China became the largest automobile manufacturing country in the world, the annual automobile production has continued to grow. In 2019, the annual automobile production reached 25.72 million units, ranking first in the world continuously.

From the perspective of the development of the global automobile industry, we can draw the following conclusions:

1, the automobile industry has a hundred years of history, the global automobile industry center has experienced three major transfers, each industrial transfer has driven a country, the national economic development, the national industrial policy plays a vital role in the development of the automobile industry.

2, a country, national automobile industry development has gone through: imitation learning, localization, branding process, automobile industry is a comprehensive industry, with industrial cluster effect, on behalf of the country, national industrialization level.

The development of the industry follows the objective development law: introduction period, growth period, maturity period, decline period, and the cycle repeats. From the perspective of the development of the automobile industry, the automobile industry after nearly a hundred years of brilliant development, is currently in a mature period, in recent years, there are signs of recession, where will the 100-year automobile industry go in the future?

The government's industrial policy plays a crucial role in the future development of the automobile industry. In the face of a century of great changes in the automobile industry, the United States, Europe, Japan, China and other major automobile market countries have listed pure electric vehicles as the leading direction of the future development of automobiles, and through the development of a series of industrial policies to promote the development of pure electric vehicles.