Fine chemicals and fine chemicals are exactly research?

1. Fine chemical products and the concept of fine chemical industry

First of all, let's distinguish between the two concepts of "fine chemical products" and "fine chemical products". In daily life, most of the chemical products we come into contact with are fine chemical products, behind which is a huge fine chemical industry.

According to the production characteristics, application characteristics and commercial characteristics of chemical products, chemical products are usually divided into two categories:

(1) Basic chemical products

(2) Fine chemical products

Let's start with basic chemical products. Its English name is heavy chemicals, in fact, it can also be translated into large chemical products, the most distinctive feature is the high yield, such as the coke I am studying.

Basic chemical products are also known as general chemical products or bulk chemical products [1]. Basic chemical products refer to the mass production of basic chemical raw materials and materials, generally from cheap, easy to obtain natural resources and other basic raw materials through one or several chemical processing and the most basic chemical raw materials products. Simply defined as: mass production and sales of chemicals are collectively referred to as general chemicals, typical such as "three acids", "two bases", synthetic plastics, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber three categories of synthetic materials.

Its products are characterized by a wide range of applications, large production batches, large-scale production equipment, and relatively low added value

fine chemical products, fine chemicals, with specialized functions, research and development, production and application of high technology-intensive, formulation technology often can affect product performance, high added value, small batch of multi-variety chemical products, known as fine chemical products (fine chemicals). The industry that produces fine chemical products is called fine chemical industry (fine chemical industry), referred to as fine chemical industry.

Fine chemicals are single compounds, and special chemicals are often formulated products; The use of fine chemicals is wide, and the use of special chemicals is narrow; Fine chemicals are generally manufactured by one method or a similar method, and the manufacturers of special chemicals can be different or even completely different; Fine chemicals are sold according to chemical composition, and special chemicals are sold according to function. The life cycle of fine chemicals is long, the life cycle of special chemicals is short, and the product replacement is fast; Specialty chemicals offer higher added value, higher margins, and greater technology intensity.

The most developed countries in the world's fine chemical industry are the United States, Germany and Japan, and the definition currently recognized by most countries is:

For the primary or secondary chemicals produced by the basic chemical industry, a series of products with specific functions, specific uses and small batch production after deep processing are called fine chemicals.

Fine chemicals Chemistry The science of the composition, structure, properties, change, preparation, and application of fine chemicals. Fine chemical industry is the abbreviation of "fine chemical production industry", which belongs to the field of chemical engineering.

2. Formation and development of fine chemical industry

The concept of fine chemicals was first put forward by Japan in the 1970s. Since 1955, Japan's petrochemical industry has developed rapidly and become the second largest chemical power in the world. The development of petrochemical industry has provided abundant basic raw materials and vigorously promoted the development of other industries and the entire national economy. The 1960s was the heyday of Japan's chemical industry. After the 1970s, the oil crisis hit Japan's chemical industry, which took petrochemicals as its pillar, forcing the government to reconsider its development policy of chemical industry and start to focus on the in-depth development of chemical products, the expansion of application scope and the improvement of added value. The concept of fine chemical industry is put forward.

3. Category and classification of fine chemical products

The range of fine chemical products is very wide, and its development develops with the development of the chemical industry. At first, it is represented by medicine, dyes and spices. Then, the rise of three major materials in the petroleum industry has driven the development of fine chemical industry, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, additives, etc. At the same time, it has driven the renewal of catalysts. Its scope is growing, the variety is also increasing day by day. Therefore, there are different views on how to classify fine chemical products.

4, the characteristics of fine chemical industry

1) Research and development characteristics of fine chemicals

According to Japanese data, the knowledge density of the chemical industry [3] is 248, that of the mechanical industry is 100, and that of the pharmaceutical industry is 340, and the probability of successful research and development is low [4]. Take a long time; High research and development costs [5]. Its technology and products are updated quickly, and the development of fine chemical products, especially special chemicals, is closely related to the progress of science and technology, the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards. The quality requirements for fine chemical products have different quality standards for different products and different application fields.