How to avoid the risk of open-pit mining, 24 prevention and control points to ensure production safety

In recent years, the rapid development of the stone industry in China, stone mines have also expanded, stone mines can be seen everywhere in China, and the new mines have not been significantly reduced because of the severity of the national environmental protection storm. Although China's stone mines have a certain level of safety management, due to the increasing number of stone mines, coupled with China's higher education and vocational education, there is no stone mine professional, resulting in a serious shortage of professionals engaged in stone mine management, especially the stone mine safety management personnel are even more scarce, and safety accidents in stone mines are often heard. Stone mining has a certain negative effect on the stone industry.

The safety management level of stone mines should be improved, personnel engaged in the safety management of stone mines, and even those engaged in the production of stone mines should understand and understand the identification and prevention knowledge of stone mine safety risk points, and apply this knowledge to daily work to form a "firewall" of safe production. Only in this way can we ensure zero casualty accidents in stone mining, in order to ensure the sustainable development of stone mines and the prosperity of stone mining enterprises.

The safety risk points described in this paper mainly refer to the links and factors that are easy to lead to safety accidents in the production of open-pit stone mines. If these links and factors are identified early and measures are taken to control and prevent them, the occurrence of safety accidents can be greatly reduced to ensure the safety of mining personnel, equipment, property, forests, plants and the environment around the mine.

First, open-pit stone mine road safety risk points and prevention and control

Open-pit stone mine road is an important link between the stone mining area and the outside world, the external production material to be transported into the mining area, mining area mined out of the raw material to be shipped outside sales, no road, stone mine production will stagnate. Because the mining characteristics of stone mines are temporary, few mining for decades. Therefore, the life of the road can not be long-term, and the cost of building a road is very high, few stone companies are willing to spend a lot of money to build a high-grade road, which also leads to the road of open-pit stone mines there is a greater safety risk, is a focus of open-pit stone mine safety risk control. First, there are safety risks on the mining road during the mining process, and the vehicles are destroyed and the losses are great. Figure 1 shows a winding road leading to a quarry at the top of the hill.

1, stone open-pit mine road construction requirements

Open-pit mine road design specifications mainly have the following points:

(1) Design specification requirements for turning radius

In order to ensure the road safety of stone mines, the construction of mine roads should be strictly in accordance with the requirements of road design specifications. When the mine is developed by road transportation, the road construction is designed in accordance with the requirements of GB22-87.

Mine highway roadbed width is not less than 5.5m, road width is not less than 3.5m; The roadbed width of the staggered road section is not less than 11m, the road width is not less than 7m, and the bend radius of the mining road is not less than 15m.

(2) Design specification requirements for slope

The maximum slope of the mine road is not greater than 9%, and the heavy truck downhill is allowed to increase by 1%. When the slope of the mine road is 8%-9%, the longitudinal slope length shall not exceed 200m, and the length of the gentle slope section shall not be less than 50m.

(3) Requirements for the design of mine road surfaces by open-pit stone factories

FIG. 2 shows the road leading from an open-air stone factory to each working face in the mining area. The road surface is clay and mud. If this kind of pavement is required according to the standard of the design specification, it is obviously not required. This kind of yellow mud road is still passable when the weather is fine, and there is a great safety hazard in the rainy season or winter. The reason why the quarry factory uses this simple road surface, the key is that the investment of mine road is not a small cost, saving construction costs, investors do not build from the safety point of view to meet the design specifications of the road.

2. Open-pit stone mines are prone to safety accidents

Open-pit stone mines are prone to safety accidents because of the risks existing in roads. Common safety accidents include rollover accident, crash and collision accident, vehicle sinking accident, vehicle skid accident and so on.

(1) rollover accident

Due to the tortuous road of open-pit stone mines, the road condition is poor, and most of them are hillside roads. As a result, rollover accidents often occur. Road rollover accident is a safety risk point in stone open-pit mine. FIG. 3 shows a downhill turning mine road, which is easy to overturn.