Seventy years of great changes in the new era shoulder heavy responsibilities

In the past 70 years, China's printing industry has gone through an extraordinary road. Generally, it can be divided into five stages: In the thirty years after the founding of New China, it went through two stages. The first stage: supporting the construction of political power and establishing an industrial system (1949-1965); The second stage: Ten years of civil strife and difficult progress (1966-1976). After the crushing of the Gang of Four in October 1976, and before the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Party in December 1978, China experienced another two years of "moving forward in limbo." Four decades of reform and opening up have gone through three stages: the first stage: new system, new thinking, promoting new development (1978-1999); The second stage: expanding opening up, deepening reform and accelerating development (2000-2007); The third phase: Addressing challenges, accelerating transformation and improving the quality of development (2008-2019).

First, support the construction of political power and establish an industrial system

(1949-1965)

The Communist Party of China has a tradition of attaching great importance to propaganda and printing. Printing is needed to propagate truth and mobilize the masses. From the founding of the Party in Shanghai to the establishment of the first Soviet regime in Ruijin, from Yan 'an, the holy land of the revolution, to Xibaipo, where the historic decision to "liberate the whole of China" was made, the Communist Party of China has always attached great importance to theoretical propaganda and printing work. After the founding of New China in October 1949, supporting the construction of the regime became an important and arduous task that China's printing industry must first undertake.

Old China left the printing industry with some dilapidated and old factories. According to local records, there were 280 printing enterprises in Beijing at that time, employing more than 2,900 people; There are 2,877 private printing enterprises in Shanghai, employing 28,880 people; There are only more than 70 private printing enterprises in Guangdong, employing 2,000 people. Most of the equipment is old and backward, mostly manual and pedal printing equipment. It is on this basis that we started to develop in the service of the new regime.

1, Renminbi printing: In February 1949, after the peaceful liberation of Beiping was the first to take over, the fastest to resume production of enterprises - Central printing factory Beiping factory printed the first batch of five yuan denomination of the new version of renminbi. In March 1950, the factory opened a new factory name approved by the People's Bank of China: Beijing People's Printing Factory, and in January 1955, the factory name of "State-owned 541 Factory" was opened, and Shanghai "State-owned 542 Factory" is a professional printing enterprise of RMB.

2. Newspaper printing: From the War of Liberation to the founding of New China, newspaper publishing and printing under the leadership of the Party has always been uninterrupted. By 1960, there were 1,274 types of newspapers published nationwide, an increase of 8.1 times compared with 1950 in the early days of the founding of New China, and the annual printing capacity reached 5.88 billion copies, an increase of 13.3 times.

3, publishing and printing: In October 1949, the Publishing Committee of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee held the first National Xinhua Bookstore Publishing work conference.  On November 1 of the same year, the General Administration of Publication of the Central People's Government was established.

From August to September 1950, the General Administration of Publications successively held the second working conference of the National Xinhua Bookstore and the first National Publishing Conference, proposing that the public and private printing industry should serve the people's publishing industry, and the printing factories operated by Xinhua bookstores in the war years should be divided into independent state-owned enterprises. In April 1951, the 12 state-owned Xinhua printing plants directly under the General Administration of Publications in Beijing, Shanghai and other places participated in the first national Xinhua printing factory working conference, accounting for about 17% of the printing production capacity of the country.

Xinhua printing factory old factory working scene

5, equipment and equipment industry synchronous development. In order to meet the needs of printing, in the closed environment at that time, the equipment and equipment industry also developed simultaneously. Through 17 years of self-reliance and hard work, it has basically formed an industrial system composed of printing, printing equipment and printing equipment. Although the level is not high, it has laid a certain foundation for the future development of the industry. In September 1949, the state-owned Shanghai People's Railway Factory was established, mainly producing two-rotary printing presses, folding machines, rotary newspaper printing machines and other products. In 1958, it merged with the Second Steel Machinery Factory to form the state-owned Shanghai People's Machinery Factory. In February 1951, Beijing People's Machine Factory was established, and in 1956, the first Ministry of Machinery Industry identified the factory as a professional manufacturer of printing machinery. In 1949, Tianjin Ink Factory was established, and China's first state-run ink factory appeared.