Strong ship serving the country -- New China shipbuilding industry events

Second, self-reliance, hard work, the basic formation of a complete ship building and repair system

From 1961 to 1977, it was the second stage of the development of the shipbuilding industry in New China. During this period, under the circumstances of the suspension of technical assistance by the Soviet government and the continued imposition of technological and economic blockade by Western countries on China, the temporary difficulties of the national economy were overcome, self-reliance and hard work were made, and a relatively complete shipbuilding industry building and repairing ship development system was basically built.

From the early 1960s, China's shipbuilding industry began to develop a new generation of military ships and mass construction of ocean ships on the basis of the experience gained in the construction of "five types of ships". In the field of military ships, on February 4, 1959, the Chinese government signed a second naval order agreement with the Soviet Union, but in 1960, the Soviet government unilaterally announced the suspension of the implementation of the order agreement and the withdrawal of experts. Our country began to embark on the road of self-reliance and hard work.

China's shipbuilding industry withdraws pressure, on the basis of some technical information and equipment already obtained in the early stage, based on domestic imitation of Soviet equipment, and successfully imitated medium-sized torpedo submarines, large missile speedboats, small missile speedboats and other ships. What is more rare is that China has also developed a new "five types of ships" - nuclear submarines, medium-sized missile destroyers, anti-submarine frigates, medium-sized torpedo submarines, missile frigates, and put into production in batches. At the same time, in order to support the development of the space industry, the shipbuilding industry has also developed the "Yuanwang" ocean-going space tracking ship, together with salvage boats, oil-water supply ships, ocean-going tugs, etc., to support China's long-range launch vehicle flight test work.

In terms of civil ships, first of all, the shipbuilding industry has carried out large-scale infrastructure construction. In Dalian Shipyard, Hudong Shipyard, Jiangnan Shipyard, Xingang Shipyard, Guangzhou Shipyard and other new or expanded nine 10,000-ton or higher berth, Dalian Shipyard also built a new 100,000 ton berth. In Shanhaiguan Shipyard Beihai Shipyard, Xingang Shipyard, Wenchong Shipyard, Jiangnan Shipyard and other newly built 8 10,000-ton shipyards, the largest is Shanhaiguan Shipyard 50,000-ton shipyard. With the completion of these shipyards and shipyards, China has formed a large ship repair base with Dalian, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou as the center, shipbuilding capacity has been greatly improved, by 1978, China's largest oil tankers can be built of 50,000 tons.

Secondly, the scientific research level of the shipbuilding industry has also reached a new height. For example, the China Ship Research Institute (seven institutes), established in 1961, has more than 20 institutes, more than 100 professional laboratories, and thousands of senior researchers. For another example, the Shanghai Ship Research and Design Institute, established in 1964, is one of the most important civil ship research and design units in China, undertaking a large number of civil ship research and design tasks.

Meanwhile, in response to the guidelines and instructions of the Central Military Commission on the construction of the third line, the sixth Engine Department began to build shipyards in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Dongting Lake area and the upper reaches of the Xijiang River in Guangxi in 1965, and diesel engines, special auxiliary engines and instrument and instrument factories in eastern Sichuan, western Hubei, western Hunan and Guangxi Hechi area. In total, the six machinery department system has built more than 50 new enterprises and institutions in large and small three-line areas, which has played an important role in improving the industrial layout and developing inland industries.

Before the reform and opening up, China's shipbuilding industry has made breakthrough progress. However, in this process, the development of the shipbuilding industry has also experienced many setbacks and taken many detours. Due to the weak industrial base and the long-term international blockade, the gap between China's shipbuilding industry and the western countries is growing. On the eve of reform and opening up, China's shipbuilding industry has been facing a severe crisis of survival, shipbuilding orders have been significantly reduced, production tasks are insufficient, serious losses, for the development of shipbuilding industry to find a new road is imminent.

Third, reform and opening up, go international, and promote the rise of industries with market breakthroughs

In December 1978, the Third Plenary session of the eleventh Central Committee of the Party proposed to shift the focus of the whole Party and the whole country to economic construction as the center, and formulated the economic construction as the center, adhere to the four basic principles, adhere to the basic line of reform and opening up, marking that China has entered a new stage of reform and opening up, and the shipbuilding industry has thus opened the first phalanx of shipbuilding in the world.