Strong ship serving the country -- New China shipbuilding industry events

In the early days of the founding of New China, China's shipbuilding industry mainly focused on the development of military products, and built various types of ships such as conventional submarines and large surface ships. After the reform and opening up, China's shipbuilding industry has become the earliest industry to enter the international market and participate in international competition. Today, China has become a shipbuilding power with world influence, the annual shipbuilding output accounts for about 40% of the world market share, the product gradually covers all ship types in the market, the research and development design, process technology and management level is increasing, the integration of the shipbuilding industry and the financial industry is further deepened, China is striving to become a world shipbuilding power. After more than 70 years of hard work, China's shipbuilding industry has made important contributions to the construction of national defense and the development of the national economy, and has made brilliant achievements that attract the attention of the world.

Looking back on the development of new China's shipbuilding industry, it has basically experienced five stages, and these five stages are also a process of mutual cohesion, gradual advancement, development and growth.

First, the army is the main, the military and civilian combination, laying the foundation for the development of modern shipbuilding industry

From 1949 to 1960, it was the first stage of the development of New China's shipbuilding industry. During this period, it mainly relied on its own strength to quickly restore and develop the shipbuilding industry left by old China, and with the technical assistance of the Soviet Union, it focused on the production of naval vessels, and initially established the development foundation of New China's shipbuilding industry.

After the founding of New China, the Party and state leaders attached great importance to the development of the shipbuilding industry. China's shipbuilding industry started from the rush repair and refit of military ships, relying on self-reliance, and gradually embarked on the development road of developing modern military ships by itself, focusing on the military and basing itself on the domestic market, thus enhancing the international status of New China.

In June 1953, plenipotentiary representatives of the governments of China and the Soviet Union formally signed an agreement in Moscow to purchase a number of naval combat ships and complete sets of materials and equipment by means of loans. The agreement also stipulated that during the construction of the Chinese shipyards, the Soviet Union would send technical experts to China to give guidance and receive training from Chinese shipbuilding personnel in Soviet factories. This is the first large-scale technology introduction in the history of China's shipbuilding industry, and it is a successful attempt under the specific historical conditions of China's weak industrial base at that time. It not only provided the necessary equipment for the Navy in time, but also strengthened the strength of the navy in the initial period. At the same time, it also promotes the development of the shipbuilding industry itself, exercises and improves the technical team of the shipbuilding industry, and accumulates experience for future self-development.

By 1959, China's "five types of ships" (i.e. frigates, torpedo boats, torpedo submarines, large hunting submarines, minesweepers) had been produced more than 100. After 10 years of efforts in the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the shipbuilding industry has made important contributions to the Chinese Navy from scratch, from small to large, and gradually updated and developed into a maritime combat force with a modern scale.

In this process, in order to meet the production needs, the state carried out technical transformation of some major shipyards before the founding of New China, and expanded and built a number of small and medium-sized shipyards; At the same time, a number of key equipment plants were built (including six Soviet aid projects). In terms of technology, on the one hand, the shipbuilding industry has carried out the localization of Marine materials and equipment in a planned way, and carried out large-scale technological innovation, replacing the riveting technology with welding technology and the bulk construction method with the hull section construction method. Some scientific research institutions and universities have also been established, such as the first towing test tank was built in Shanghai in 1954, and the shipbuilding department was set up in some universities. The foundation for the development of China's modern shipbuilding industry has been basically established.

In addition to military ships, in the 10 years after the founding of New China, China's civil ship construction technology has also been greatly improved, during which a total of more than 100 kinds of civil ships were built, including 5000 tons of passenger ships, passenger and cargo ships, tugs, fishing boats, dredgers, etc., the total output value of the shipbuilding industry increased by more than 30 times than in 1949.