Research on innovation and development strategy of green metallurgy

I. Introduction

Green metallurgy refers to the maximization of resources, energy utilization efficiency and environmental benefits in the metallurgical process of complex materials. It is a metal smelting mode that comprehensively considers the impact of resources, energy consumption and environment. It aims to make metal products in the whole life cycle covering design, production, packaging, transportation, use, scrap, the minimum energy consumption, the highest resource utilization rate, the least negative environmental impact, and promote the coordinated optimization and harmonious development of enterprise economic benefits, environmental benefits, and social benefits.

Green metallurgy is a process of clean and low environmental entropy change. In a narrow sense, it is characterized by resource cycle, low carbon energy and ecological environmental protection. In a broad sense, it is characterized by harmless metallurgical raw materials, recycling of smelting waste, clean and intelligent production process, and digital process control. It emphasizes the development strategy of pollution control and reduction from the source, but does not completely exclude the end treatment; Mainly from the perspective of process science, technology and engineering research and development, the development of environmentally friendly production processes (such as raw materials, energy selection and alternative), technical equipment, manufacturing processes, green products and services and other processes, to solve the contradiction between environmental pollution and sustainable development, and promote the highly unified and common growth of environmental benefits and economic benefits.

Green metallurgy is closely dependent on the transformation of enterprise development mode, emphasizing that enterprises pay more attention to the unity of economic, social and environmental benefits as the premise, the development factors are: the optimization and upgrading of metallurgical industrial structure and comprehensive green transformation, the high cycle of resources in the industrial chain and cross-industry and clean energy replacement. Focusing on the resources, environment and energy issues of the metallurgical industry, based on macro-policy support, through the highly recycling of resources and the green transformation of enterprises, the maximization of resources and energy benefits, the minimization of environmental emissions, and the maximization of value-added metallurgical benefits (see Figure 1).

Focusing on future development, facing the national demand for key metal resources, build the basic support for the high-quality development of the metallurgical industry, improve the industrial innovation efficiency of green metallurgy, achieve the deep integration of the innovation industry chain, and reverse the passive situation in strategic key metals as soon as possible, thus enhancing the strategic position of a metallurgical power. In view of the great contradiction between the national strategic demand and the constraints of resources, energy and environment in the development of metallurgical industry, it is of great significance to systematically carry out academic research on green metallurgy in China. In this paper, we grasp the historical background factors closely related to the metallurgical industry and analyze their influence, expounded the current situation of resources and energy of steel and non-ferrous metals at home and abroad, and reviewed the development trend. Review and analyze the situation and major problems of green metallurgy innovation and development, and carry out forecast research on the trend and potential; Based on this, the paper puts forward the strategic demand and development suggestions of green metallurgy innovation and development, and provides basic reference for the strategic research of metallurgical power.

Second, the era background of green metallurgy innovation and development

(1) The development of the metallurgical industry under the situation of carbon peak and carbon neutrality

At present, China is the world's largest CO2 emitter [1], and has formally put forward the development goal of "striving to reach the peak of CO2 emissions before 2030, and striving to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060". The steel industry is the industry with the highest carbon emissions in 31 categories of manufacturing in China. Over the past 20 years, China's steel production has shown a rapid growth trend (see Figure 2) [2], and it is predicted that the next 15 years will still maintain a moderate growth rate. The macro development situation of carbon peak and carbon neutrality will promote the steel industry to build a higher level of dynamic balance between supply and demand, optimize the process structure, and realize the smelting technology revolution. The implementation of industrial intelligent upgrading, increase the coordination of multi-industry environmental governance efforts, promote the full life cycle evaluation of steel products, and formulate industry low-carbon standards that adapt to national conditions.