Classification of mines

Mining method:

According to the different stope management methods in the ore recovery process, the mining methods of non-coal mining mines can be divided into four categories:

(1) Open stope mining method is characterized by the fact that in the mining process, the goaf mainly relies on temporary or permanent residual pillars to support, and the goaf is always empty, which is generally used when the ore and surrounding rock are stable.

(2) The caving mining method is characterized by the planned use of the overlying rock layer of the caving ore body and the rocks of the upper and lower wall to fill the goaf with the ore extraction to control the ground pressure in the mining area. Generally, it is used under the condition that the surrounding rock of the ore body is unstable and the surface allows subsidence.

(3) The filling mining method is characterized by the support of the goaf by the filling material within the goaf during mining. This method can effectively maintain the gob, the stability of the surrounding rock is not high, but the production cost is high. It is mainly used for mining high ore value, sufficient filling materials, the surface does not allow subsidence and the geological conditions are particularly complex.

China is a large country of stone resources, the total reserves of stone resources in the forefront of the world, the national annual production of more than 7 million cubic meters of raw materials, the total stone mining also ranks in the forefront of the world, but the overall level of China's stone mines is still backward, the utilization level of stone resources, mining raw materials rate and ore recovery rate are not optimistic.

Mine design:

Mine design is not only a stage in mineral resources development, but also an important link in mine construction. It refers to the comprehensive planning work for the construction and production of mines on the basis of the results of geological exploration. The aim is to select a technically feasible and economically reasonable mineral resource development scheme according to the occurrence and economic and technical conditions of the deposit.

The main contents are: to determine the mine production scale, service life, process flow, product program, etc., and to choose a reasonable plan for the deposit development program, mining method, ore washing and processing technology, main mining equipment, surface and underground engineering layout, power supply, water supply and drainage and construction organization; Accounting construction investment, preparation of individual project design and construction drawings, etc.

Hidden danger control:

dust

The comprehensive dust suppression technology mainly includes biological nano film dust suppression technology, cloud dust suppression technology and wet dust collection technology.

Biofilm dust suppression technology, biofilm is a double ionospheric membrane with nanoscale layer spacing, which can maximize the ductility of water molecules and has strong charge absorption. The biofilm sprayed on the surface of the material can attract and agglomerate small particles of dust, and make them polymerize into large particles of dust, which will settle with the increase of its own weight; The dust removal rate of the technology can reach more than 99%, and the average operating cost is 0.05~0.5 yuan/ton.

Cloud dust suppression technology is through high pressure ion atomization and ultrasonic atomization, can produce 1μm~100μm ultra-fine dry fog; The ultra-fine dry fog particles are fine, and the contact area with the dust particles is fully increased. The water fog particles collide and condense with the dust particles to form agglomerates. The agglomerates continue to grow larger and heavier until they settle naturally at the last moment, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating dust. 30%~40% of the dry fog particles are below 2.5μm, and the control effect of fine particle pollution in the atmosphere is obvious.

The wet dust collection technology absorbs the air attached to dust by pressure drop, and dedusts under the double action of centrifugal force and the mixing of water and dust gas. Key designs such as unique impellers provide higher dust removal efficiency.

Suitable for bulk material production, processing, transportation, loading and unloading and other links, such as mines, buildings, quarries, storage yards, ports, thermal power plants, steel plants, garbage recycling and other places.

Security risks:

Mine high temperature and high humidity

The air temperature in the mine is characterized by high temperature, high humidity, large temperature difference, and different airflow sizes at different locations. The level of air temperature is related to the depth of the roadway, the underground temperature increases, and the underground working environment heat damage is serious. At the same time, it is difficult to supply fresh air source and deal with dirty air source in deep mining area. The adverse temperature conditions in mines are an important factor in the increase of upper respiratory tract infections and rheumatic diseases among workers. If these problems are not well solved, not only do these enterprises have the risk of casualties and occupational hazards, but also make normal production can not proceed smoothly.