Digital mine

4. Noise and vibration

Noise is one of the hazards that pollute the mine environment, and the underground operators suffer more from it. In recent years, the use of many large, efficient and high-power equipment has reduced labor intensity and improved production efficiency at the same time, resulting in more and more serious noise pollution. In particular, the underground equipment has the characteristics of multiple sound sources, continuous noise, high sound level and high and medium frequency noise spectrum. In addition, the underground working face is narrow and the reflecting surface is large to form a mixed sound field, and the noise can only propagate along the extension direction of the roadway, which is more harmful to the operators. Noise and vibration in mines are mainly generated during drilling, mining and transportation. In general, the noise and vibration of pneumatic tools are more serious than those of power tools and vibrating conveyors than belt conveyors. The labor intensity of miners is large, such as human tooling rock is heavy physical labor; Drilling and pushing are moderately manual labor. When working in thin layers, workers must not take bad positions such as squatting and stoop crawling throughout the working day.

5. Blasting safety

Blasting safety plays an important role in mine production. Blasting safety problems can be summarized into the following three categories: safety accidents caused by mechanical effects of blasting (such as seismic waves, shock waves, noise and individual flying rocks); Due to the physical and chemical reaction of explosive explosion, that is, a large number of toxic gases and electromagnetic effects caused by explosive explosion; Sudden accidents caused by blasting, such as early detonation of explosives, failure to detonate and safety accidents caused by operational errors.

The accidents of personal injury and equipment damage caused by mine blasting occupy a large proportion in the whole mine accidents. With the development of mining industry, open pit blasting is very close to the industrial site of the mine itself, and there are also nearby towns and residential areas; Deep hole blasting and engineering blasting with large charge amount in underground mining are increasing day by day. The high temperature zone formed by mineral and rock material causes explosive self-detonation, early detonation, and smoke poisoning accidents often occur. The most typical is June 22, 2002, Shanxi Province Fanshi County Yixingzhai gold mine explosion accident, at least 37 miners were killed. Therefore, how to control the harmful effects of blasting and how to take protective measures is a problem that mines generally pay attention to.

Hidden danger control:

1. Dust

The comprehensive dust suppression technology mainly includes biological nano film dust suppression technology, cloud dust suppression technology and wet dust collection technology.

Biofilm dust suppression technology, biofilm is a double ionospheric membrane with nanoscale layer spacing, which can maximize the ductility of water molecules and has strong charge absorption. The biofilm sprayed on the surface of the material can attract and agglomerate small particles of dust, and make them polymerize into large particles of dust, which will settle with the increase of its own weight; The dust removal rate of the technology can reach more than 99%, and the average operating cost is 0.05~0.5 yuan/ton.

Cloud dust suppression technology is through high pressure ion atomization and ultrasonic atomization, can produce 1μm~100μm ultra-fine dry fog; The ultra-fine dry fog particles are fine, and the contact area with the dust particles is fully increased. The water fog particles collide and condense with the dust particles to form agglomerates. The agglomerates continue to grow larger and heavier until they settle naturally at the last moment, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating dust. 30%~40% of the dry fog particles are below 2.5μm, and the control effect of fine particle pollution in the atmosphere is obvious.

The wet dust collection technology absorbs the air attached to dust by pressure drop, and dedusts under the double action of centrifugal force and the mixing of water and dust gas. Key designs such as unique impellers provide higher dust removal efficiency.

Suitable for bulk material production, processing, transportation, loading and unloading and other links, such as mines, buildings, quarries, storage yards, ports, thermal power plants, steel plants, garbage recycling and other places.

2. Mine design

Mine design is not only a stage in mineral resources development, but also an important link in mine construction. It refers to the comprehensive planning work for the construction and production of mines on the basis of the results of geological exploration. The aim is to select a technically feasible and economically reasonable mineral resource development scheme according to the occurrence and economic and technical conditions of the deposit.