Paper industry business - scrap paper and pulp

Waste paper and pulp

Waste paper

(1) Waste paper. Literally speaking, waste paper is used and lost the value of paper, the English "waste paper" also means this. However, most of the waste paper is used and not waste, and can be recycled as raw materials for paper making. The paper industry is the only industry that can use recycled products as secondary raw materials.

There is a small amount of waste paper that has been used and lost its value, such as toilet paper, construction paper, etc. Therefore, in English, the waste paper that is recycled as a raw material is often called "recovered paper", that is, the recovered paper, and "waste paper" refers to the paper that cannot be recycled. The Japanese call waste paper "ancient paper", and the clear definition of ancient paper in the Japanese paper industry is also waste paper that is recycled and used as papermaking raw materials. However, due to the Chinese custom, the recycled waste paper is still referred to as waste paper.

(2) Secondary fibers. It is literally translated from the English word "secondary fiber". Literally, it's a fiber made from recycled waste paper. However, it now refers to the recycling of waste paper ready for reuse. Especially in the business world, waste paper dealers call their goods secondary fiber, that is, he is not selling garbage, but renewable papermaking raw materials. In the academic world, "recycled fiber" is often used to call the fiber made from waste paper.

(3) Waste pulp. That is, pulp made from waste paper recycling, also known as recycled pulp. It's called recycled pulp. The term for recycled pulp is virgin pulp. It is a new slurry made from plant fiber raw materials.

(4) Deinked pulp. That is, the waste pulp produced by the recycling of printed waste paper and the removal of printing ink, English is "deinked pulp", abbreviated as DIP.

Waste paper is divided into national waste and foreign waste. There are some differences in quality between domestic waste paper and imported waste paper. Developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan have relatively complete waste paper recycling classification system, and the recovered waste paper is of high quality after treatment, and large-scale recycling can effectively reduce production costs. In contrast, the recycling classification of domestic waste paper is relatively backward, the recycling system is scattered, and the overall quality of waste paper is low. How about the difference between domestic waste and foreign waste in waste paper? First look at the domestic price of waste paper: the domestic price of waste paper is about 2000/ ton.

The share of foreign waste imports has gradually decreased, and the price of foreign waste is much lower than that of domestic waste. The conversion can be made by reference to the price.

Compared with domestic waste paper, the biggest advantage of waste paper in the United States is its high fiber quality and can replace wood pulp. The price of domestic waste has risen, the import of foreign waste has declined, and the gross profit margin of the paper industry has declined sharply.

Summary: Who can get foreign waste resources to continue to make paper, then there is an advantage in cost, and industry giants have laid out their production capacity abroad.

Pulp production and consumption

Waste paper pulp

Waste pulp is a waste paper that is sorted and screened after recycling, soaked with warm water, and then re-puffed into a pulp board after drying for reuse.

Waste pulp is the most used raw material for papermaking in China. In 2016, China's waste pulp consumption reached 63.29 million tons, accounting for 65% of all pulp consumption.

Pulp production and consumption

Pulp production in 2018

Paper industry is the basic raw material industry, the industrial chain is divided into upstream pulp manufacturing industry, intermediate paper industry and downstream paper products manufacturing industry. According to the survey data of the China Paper Association, the total volume of pulp production in 2018 was 72.01 million tons, an increase of -9.41% over the previous year. Among them: wood pulp 11.47 million tons, an increase of 9.24%; 54.44 million tons of waste pulp, an increase of -13.61% over the previous year; Non-wood pulp was 6.1 million tons, an increase of 2.17% over the previous year.

In 2018, the waste pulp in pulp production was 5,444 tons, accounting for 75% of the total pulp. In 2016/2017, it was 79%. The cost of using waste pulp to make paper is much lower than the cost of using raw wood pulp and non-wood pulp, so major manufacturers focus on how to maximize the source of high-quality waste paper and realize the process of turning waste into treasure.

At the same time, how to distribute production capacity in rich areas such as subtropical resources and obtain high-quality raw wood pulp resources has also become the commanding height of the layout of the giant.

Pulp consumption in 2018

In 2018, the national pulp consumption totaled 93.87 million tons, an increase of -6.61% over the previous year. 33.03 million tons of wood pulp, accounting for 35% of the total pulp consumption, of which imported wood pulp accounted for 23%, domestic wood pulp accounted for 12%; Waste pulp was 54.74 million tons, accounting for 58% of the total pulp consumption, of which imported waste paper accounted for 16%, and domestic waste paper accounted for 42%; 6.1 million tons of non-wood pulp, accounting for 7% of the total pulp consumption.

In 2018, the consumption of pulp was more than 2,100 tons more than the production, which belongs to the share of imports. The share of imported pulp continues to increase. China's imports from Canada, the United States, Russia, Finland, Sweden, Indonesia, Brazil and other countries, pulp is different, the nature is not the same. At present, the main commercial pulp traded in the world is needle and broadleaf bleached sulfate pulp, and China mainly imports such pulp. We usually divide bleached kraft pulp into five categories, namely, northern bleached softwood and hardwood kraft pulp, southern bleached softwood and hardwood kraft pulp, and bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp.