Smart mine new technology requirements and eight systems

Key technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, and cloud computing technology solve the problems of system architecture and interoperability, data processing decision-making and advanced calculation, and the degree of research and application determines the development level of smart coal mines.

Smart mine new technology needs

(1) Based on Internet + Internet of Things platform

The Internet of Things based on the Internet + is the information highway of smart coal mine, which will undertake the stable and reliable transmission of big data, play the role of accurate and timely upload, and determine the overall stability and reliability of the smart coal mine system. Therefore, the iot platform of smart coal mine must have the characteristics of precise positioning, collaborative management and control, comprehensive management and control, and integration of geographic information.

(2) Big data processing and artificial intelligence technology

One of the core technologies of smart coal mining is big data mining and knowledge discovery. The application of a large number of sensors will inevitably produce a large amount of data, and the scale effect of data brings great challenges to storage, management and analysis. It is necessary to make full use of big data processing technology to dig the rules and knowledge behind data, and provide timely and effective basis for safety, production, management and decision-making.

Artificial intelligence is one of the rapidly developing scientific and technological fields in recent years. It is the research and development of theories, methods and technologies for simulating, extending and expanding human intelligence on the basis of big data processing. Deep learning is the core of artificial intelligence; The ability to update and upgrade the system autonomously is a significant feature. If the smart mine wants to become a digital intelligent body, it must have deep learning ability.

In the future, on the cloud platform and big data platform, multi-source online monitoring data and expert decision knowledge base will be integrated for data mining and knowledge discovery, artificial intelligence technology will be adopted for calculation, simulation and self-learning decision-making, and GIS based spatial analysis technology will be used to realize the coordination and optimization of equipment, environment, personnel and resources. Realize the automatic generation and dynamic update of mining mode.

(3) Cloud computing technology

The Internet of Things makes the connection between things and things established, with the increase of the coverage of the Internet, the information source and accommodation in the entire information network are also more and more; The increase in the number of information sources and homestay will inevitably lead to more and more information in the network, that is, big data will be generated in the network. The extensive and in-depth application of big data processing technology will reveal the internal relationship implied by data more clearly and more timely. The extraction and utilization of the intrinsic value of these big data needs to be supported by ultra-large scale and highly scalable cloud computing technology. The high-dimensional smart coal mining model requires cloud computing technology with high computing power and flexibility.

The above Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, cloud computing technology and the existing technical equipment of production, safety and security systems are combined to develop and establish eight smart coal mine systems.

(4) 5G technology

With the improvement of the intelligent degree of coal mine production, underground drones, intelligent VR/AR and other equipment will be widely used in order to carry out timely on-site inspection and remote consultation on equipment faults. Whether it is UAV flight control, UAV inspection video return, or VR/AR intelligent remote equipment fault diagnosis and maintenance. It not only consumes network bandwidth resources greatly, but also needs fast information feedback and real-time state control.

The delay of 5G networks is (typically) about 10ms, the uplink stable bandwidth is about 150Mbps, the number of connections is 106 /km2, and the Quality of Service (QoS) of the network is up to 99.9999%. 5G network provides a strong support for the realization of various business scenarios of intelligent production in coal mines.

(5) VR/AR technology

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are transformative technologies that can completely subvert traditional human-computer interaction content, and their application in coal mines is expected in the future. Its application can be divided into three stages: (1) It is mainly used for 3D modeling and virtual display, such as the current naked eye 3D technology, its basic demand is 20Mbps bandwidth +50ms delay, the existing 4G+WiFi can basically meet. (2) It is mainly used for interactive simulation and visualization design, such as multi-person underground training system, whose basic demand is 40Mbps bandwidth +20ms delay, which can be basically met by Pre5G. (3) It is mainly used for mixed reality, cloud real-time rendering and virtual-real fusion manipulation, such as virtual mining, collaborative operation and maintenance, etc., and its basic requirements are 100Mbps~10Gbps bandwidth +2ms delay requirements, which can be met by 5G or more advanced technology.

3.2 Eight systems of smart mines

(1) Precision geological information system based on the Beidou System

Coal mine geological information is a kind of four-dimensional dynamic data that constantly changes with the time and space of mining activities. With the development of information technology, remote sensing technology, network technology and other data collection, storage, management and transmission technology, Real-time spatial and geological information technology based on the positioning and navigation of the Beidou System, GIS, 3D geological modeling and virtual reality will form an intelligent information transmission network integrating heaven and earth, so as to realize the real-time intelligent collection, storage and application of mine geological information.

(2) Intelligent mine ventilation and drainage system

Intelligent ventilation system: The use of modern communication technology, monitoring technology and automatic control technology for mine ventilation network, implementation plan optimization and intelligent real-time control of air volume and wind speed.

Intelligent transportation system: remote centralized intelligent control of belt conveyor speed, volume, drum temperature, tape state, etc.

(3) Danger source intelligent warning and disaster elimination system

Hazard intelligent early warning and disaster elimination system is based on risk early warning, real-time online monitoring of different types of hazard sources, real-time online assessment of the risk of disasters in various regions of the mine using hazard risk index evaluation algorithm, to determine the risk type, grade and solution.

(4) Intelligent rapid excavation and mining system

Realizing intelligent rapid excavation is the prerequisite to solve the contradiction of mining connection, quickly form the mining system and intelligent mining. Intelligent rapid excavation needs to solve the three core problems of "unity of digging and running", "integration of digging and supporting" and "continuous digging and transportation".

(5) Robotized intelligent mining system

Robot intelligent mining system multi-work robots work together, robot group control, linkage and collaboration is the core of intelligent mining. Through the construction of the Internet of Things system, to ensure the automatic operation of various robot groups in the process links such as mining, loading, transportation and support, to achieve unmanned value guard, remote monitoring and autonomous decision-making in coal mines.

(6) Health intelligent management system of all mine station equipment and facilities

Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) technology has been widely concerned in recent years, mainly in the military industry, aerospace and other fields began to carry out specific research. The main process and content of health management is the management and health maintenance of the whole life cycle of large mechanical systems, including the establishment of system health indicators, inspection and detection, health evaluation and health recovery.

(7) Mine green development and ecological restoration system

Green mine development mainly refers to the maximum development of coal resources and associated resources in the process of coal mining, and minimize the impact and damage of coal mining on the surface ecological environment and groundwater resources, so as to realize the coordination and unity of resource benefits, ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits. Such as filling mining, coal and gas co-mining, circular economy park construction, distributed underground reservoir and so on.

(8) Smart coal mine centralized management system

Integrated construction of a smart coal mine system based on cloud computing data centers and with a safety management and control platform and a four-dimensional comprehensive management platform as the core, the effective integration and centralized management of each sub-system of the mine, timely processing, guidance and regulation of the operation of each production system and link, and the establishment of a smart coal mine centralized management system. It mainly includes production planning management system, mine energy consumption management system, power supply and power system control system.

The above eight systems form a "transparent mining" system based on four dimensions and multiple variables, and each operating subsystem can realize information correlation and control cooperation in all spatial profiles and time profiles of the mine. It can not only control the state of the production process, but also realize the "perspective" of the full elements of the changes in each mining system, and then implement the next control strategy, and truly realize the deep integration of mine information and intelligent control.