Guiding opinions on strengthening the restoration and comprehensive treatment of mine geological environment

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.

 Firmly establish and earnestly implement the new concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, strictly implement the requirements of the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization and the Notice of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council on Issuing the Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System, comprehensively deepen reform and administer the system according to law, Scientific planning, overall promotion, focus on key points, pay attention to results, strive to improve the development of compensation and protection of the economic mechanism, vigorously establish the government, enterprises, and society to participate in the recovery and comprehensive treatment of new mechanisms, as soon as possible to form a new situation of recovery and comprehensive treatment of "old and new problems" under construction, production mines and historical legacy of the overall solution. Comprehensively improve the level of mine geological environment restoration and comprehensive management, and make new contributions to promoting the construction of ecological civilization and building a beautiful China.

(2) Basic principles.

With the new development concept of "innovation, coordination, green, open and sharing", it will lead the restoration and comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines, resolutely implement the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, and strive to achieve new achievements in benefiting the people with land and resources.

Adhere to the concept of innovative development, and break the investment, policy, scientific research and other institutional obstacles in the restoration and comprehensive management of mining geological environment. We will innovate policies for the redevelopment of residual tailings mines, the reclamation and utilization of abandoned mining land, and the transfer and utilization of collective land, guide the investment of social funds, resources, and asset elements, actively explore the use of PPP models and third-party governance methods, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, and accelerate governance. Simplify management procedures, and promote the reform of the system for the preparation and review of mine geological environment restoration and management plans and land reclamation plans. Mining enterprises and relevant institutions are encouraged to carry out technological innovation in governance and restoration.

Adhere to the concept of coordinated development, and accelerate the improvement of the mineral resources development management system and system of coordination between resource development and environmental protection. We will implement the functional zoning strategy, coordinate protection and development, give priority to protection, and strengthen the role of mineral development and management in protecting the ecological environment at the source. To adjust the distribution of mineral resources exploration and development, formulate and implement plans for mineral resources. Strict access to mineral development, strict supervision of the production process, strict accountability, and the responsibility for the restoration and comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines is implemented in the whole process of "before, during and after" mineral development. Adhere to the "who develops, who manages", and strictly implement the main responsibility for the protection and management of mining enterprises for new and production mines. The restoration and treatment of geological environmental problems left over from history and newly emerged in mines will be promoted in a coordinated manner.

Adhere to the concept of green development, advocate and cultivate green mining, and build a new pattern of mineral resource development and mine geological environment protection. We will continue to carry out operations to restore the green of mines. Promote the comprehensive management of mountains, water, fields, forests and lakes of abandoned mines, make farming better, make forests better, make gardens better, and make water better, fully combine the activities of voluntary tree planting by the whole people, and restore the green mountains and green water in mining areas as soon as possible. To develop green mining and build green mines, encourage mining enterprises to formulate and implement green mine development plans in accordance with the requirements of green mining development for efficient use of resources, environmental protection and promoting harmony between mines, and speed up the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprises.

Adhere to the concept of open development, and integrate the restoration and comprehensive treatment of mining geological environment with the development of related industries. Encourage the introduction of foreign mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management of new technologies and new models, and actively carry out international cooperation. Expand the green mine construction mode, and encourage mining enterprises to participate in the construction, operation and management of mining geoparks. Explore the integrated development of mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management with real estate development, tourism, elderly care, breeding, planting and other industries.

Adhere to the concept of shared development, and realize the new achievements of the restoration and comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines. Encouraging mining enterprises to retain land and technology is beneficial to enterprise employees and mining area masses, summarizing and promoting the experience of using mining area land as shares and dividends to participate in the restoration and comprehensive management of mining geological environment, guiding enterprise employees and mining area masses to actively participate in the restoration and comprehensive management of mining geological environment, and forming harmonious development of man, mine and land. Increase support for the restoration and comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines in poor areas, help targeted poverty alleviation, increase the "gold content" of poverty alleviation work, and let enterprise employees and local people have more sense of gain through the improvement of the geological environment of mines.

(3) Main objectives.

By 2025, a dynamic monitoring system will be established to fully grasp and monitor the dynamic changes in the geological environment of mines across the country. Establish a binding mechanism for mining owners to fulfill their legal obligations to protect and restore the geological environment of mines. The responsibility for the restoration and comprehensive treatment of the geological environment of mines has been fully implemented, the geological environment of newly built and produced mines has been effectively protected and timely treated, and the comprehensive treatment of problems left over from history has achieved remarkable results. A working system of mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management with perfect system, clear responsibility, proper measures and in place management has been basically established, forming a new situation of mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management of "no longer owing new accounts and speeding up the return of old accounts".

Ii. Main tasks

(1) Consolidating the work foundation.

1. Full investigation. Organized by the provincial land and resources departments, with cities and counties as the main units, a detailed survey of the geological environment of mines is carried out to systematically identify the types, distribution, scale and harm of geological environmental problems in mines under construction, mines in production, abandoned mines and mines closed by policy.

2. Define responsibilities. Local land and resources authorities at all levels identify "new and old" mine geological environment problems in accordance with the following principles: Mine geological environment problems left over from the planned economy period or the loss of responsible persons are historical problems left over by local governments at all levels of overall planning and restoration, and the central finance provides necessary support. Mining enterprises shall be responsible for controlling and restoring geological environmental problems caused by mines under construction or in production. The determination of damaged land left over from history shall be carried out in accordance with the laws and regulations of the State concerning land reclamation.

3. Plan scientifically. According to the geological environment investigation of mines and the division of responsibilities, the geological environment problems of "old and new" mines should be considered as a whole, focusing on nature reserves, important landscape areas, the surrounding areas of residents' concentrated living areas and important traffic arteries, the visual range of rivers and lakes "three regions and two lines" and basic farmland protection areas. Comprehensive preparation of national, provincial, municipal and county-level mine geological environment protection and governance plans, clear protection and governance tasks and work progress, overall deployment, step by step implementation, to ensure the realization of work objectives.

4. Strengthen monitoring. Make full use of advanced technologies such as satellite remote sensing, strengthen monitoring forces, accelerate the construction of monitoring infrastructure, establish a systematic and complete geological environment dynamic monitoring system at national, provincial, city and county levels, including mine geological environment, and comprehensively and systematically grasp and monitor the status quo and changes of various geological environment problems in mines.

2. Strengthen protection and prevention.

1. Strict mine development access management. Strictly implement mineral resource planning and implement the zoning management system for planning. In nature reserves, no new mining right incompatible with the function of resource and environmental protection may be established without the consent of the competent department. The mining rights already established within the nature reserve shall be handled in accordance with relevant regulations. We will strengthen management at the source, and fully implement a three-time system and a system of public disclosure of the plans for the development and utilization of mineral resources, the plans for the protection and restoration of the mine geological environment, and the plans for land reclamation, which include simultaneous preparation, review, and implementation.

2. Strengthen the implementation of protection and governance recovery programmes. Effectively strengthen the protection of cultivated land, improve the standards for the preparation of mine geological environment protection and treatment restoration plans and land reclamation plans, and promote the establishment of a simple and practical work system for the compilation of mine geological environment protection and treatment restoration plans and land reclamation plans according to local conditions. Implement the main responsibility of program preparation, review and implementation, and ensure the scientific, rational and serious nature of the program.

3. Strengthen development and protection process supervision. The responsibility and implementation of the mine geological environment restoration and comprehensive management are taken as an important content of the information society publicity of mining enterprises and an important aspect of sampling inspection, and the social supervision and law enforcement supervision of the main responsibility of the mining right holders are strengthened. Local land and resources departments at all levels should strengthen supervision and law enforcement, increase the frequency of supervision and law enforcement, and urge mining enterprises to strictly manage mining while mining in accordance with the restoration and management plan. For mines under construction and mines in production that refuse to perform the obligations of restoration and management, information related to the inclusion of the mining enterprise in government management shall be disclosed to the public, and it shall be included in the abnormal list of mining rights holders or the list of serious violations. If the circumstances are serious, they shall be dealt with seriously according to law and regulations.

4. Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of resources. Promote the comprehensive utilization of tailings and waste rock, with the focus on extracting valuable components from tailings and waste rock, producing high value-added building materials, filling, and harmless agricultural and ecological applications, accelerate the promotion and application of advanced and applicable technologies and equipment, organize the implementation of comprehensive utilization demonstration projects of tailings and waste rock, constantly increase the proportion of comprehensive utilization of tailings and waste rock, and expand the scale of comprehensive utilization industry. Reduce the impact on the ecological environment.

3. Accelerating the settlement of issues left over from history.

1. Define the mission requirements. All localities should take solving the problems left over from the geological environment of mines as an important task in building a beautiful China, incorporate them into the goals and tasks of ecological environmental protection of the local government, specify the requirements, assign responsibilities, complete within a time limit, and strictly assess and accountability systems.

2. Increase financial input. Local governments at all levels should increase capital investment, broaden funding channels, and provide necessary support for the restoration and management of geological environment in mines left over from history, such as abandoned mines and policy-based mine closures.

3. Encourage the participation of social funds. In accordance with the principle of "who governs, who benefits", give full play to the guiding role of financial funds, and vigorously explore the construction of a new model of mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management of "government-led, policy support, social participation, development-type governance, and market-oriented operation".

4. Integrate policy and finance. All localities may, according to their actual local conditions, organically combine the restoration and management of the geological environment of mines with the construction of new rural areas, the renovation of rundown areas, the relocation of ecological migrants, the control of geological disasters, land improvement, the linkage between the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land, and the reclamation and utilization of abandoned industrial and mining land, and strengthen the integration and rational use of policies and project funds to form a joint force. Effectively improve the effectiveness of mine geological environment protection and restoration. If the cultivated land is seriously damaged for historical reasons and cannot be restored, the corresponding cultivated land shall be supplemented or the amount of cultivated land shall be adjusted according to regulations.

Third, safeguards

1. Strengthening organizational support.

1. Work programme. The competent departments of land and resources at all levels should fully understand the significance of strengthening the restoration and comprehensive management of the geological environment of mines, find out the situation, sort out the problems, sort out the work ideas, highlight the key points of work, put forward solutions to the problems in different areas, and form a clear goal, task implementation, strong guarantee and practical work plan. It is incorporated into the overall layout of local economic and social development and ecological civilization construction, and relies on the coordination and promotion of local governments and relevant departments to ensure the realization of various work objectives.

2. Strengthen the legal system. Land and resources authorities at all levels should cooperate with relevant departments to actively promote legislation on mining geological environment protection, improve core systems for mining geological environment protection and land reclamation, establish and improve laws and regulations and standards and norms for mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management, and provide a solid and powerful legal guarantee for mining geological environment restoration and comprehensive management.

3. Strengthen departmental collaboration. The relevant departments of land and resources, industry and information technology, finance, environmental protection and energy at all levels shall, under the unified leadership of the people's governments at the same level, cooperate closely according to the division of responsibilities of the departments, strengthen the supervision of the geological environment of mines, solidly promote the restoration and management of geological environment problems left over from history, and urge mining enterprises to earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of the restoration and management of the geological environment of mines.

2. Strengthening policy support.

1. Improve land use policies. Differentiated and targeted mining land policies shall be established according to different mineral species and development modes. For agricultural land or other land damage caused by coal mining collapse or other mining geological disasters, field investigation shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements and procedures of land change investigation, and shall be included in the annual land change survey for change after examination and approval. Conversion of agricultural land into unused land shall be submitted for approval in accordance with the standards and procedures for examination and identification. Eligible areas can be incorporated into the pilot project of linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land in light of the actual situation, and support the relocation of villages with hidden dangers of mining geological disasters and overlying mineral resources or the relocation of villages with geological disasters. We will further promote the reclamation and utilization of abandoned industrial and mining lands left over from history.

2. Improve policies on mineral resource development. Under the premise of meeting the planning and ensuring safety, the stock resources shall be developed according to law to provide financial guarantee for regional comprehensive governance. Rationally adjust the layout of mineral development and optimize the mining sequence of associated ore. In areas where quarries take soil into contiguous areas and problems are concentrated, the development and integration of mineral resources shall be carried out according to law and regulations, and the main responsibility for the management of mining geological environment problems shall be implemented. Accelerate the construction of green mining development demonstration zones and green mines, and promote the coordinated development of mineral resources development and ecological environmental protection.

3. Encourage third-party governance. Local governments and mining enterprises can adopt the way of "responsible person pays, professional management", and hand over the mining geological environment problems to professional organizations for management. Give full play to the initiative of mining enterprises and the vitality of third-party governance enterprises, improve governance efficiency and quality, and promote scientific and technological progress.

4. Strengthen scientific and technological support. We will strengthen research on key technologies, accelerate the research and popularization of advanced and applicable mining technologies, mitigate the damage to the geological environment caused by the exploitation of mineral resources, and promote protected mining. Improve the technical standard system for mine geological environment investigation, evaluation, monitoring and treatment, promote the application of advanced technologies such as domestic satellite remote sensing, and rely on scientific and technological progress to promote the restoration and comprehensive treatment of mine geological environment.

3. Encourage mass participation.

1. Enhance information disclosure. Timely and accurate disclosure of all types of mining geological environment information to protect the masses' right to know, timely response to mining enterprises, mining area masses and public concerns, encourage the masses to supervise the restoration and comprehensive management of mining geological environment, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and the masses. The planning of mine geological environment protection and treatment shall be made public by the land and resources departments at all levels. The relevant information such as the mine geological environment protection and restoration plan formulated by the enterprise shall be disclosed to the public.

2. Strengthen publicity and education. Actively foster an ecological culture, firmly establish the idea of ecological civilization that mineral resources are both important natural resources and important ecological elements, give full play to the role of the news media, organize themed publicity activities such as Earth Day, Land Day, disaster prevention and Reduction Day, establish a rational and positive public opinion orientation, and strengthen publicity on resources and the environment.