Anchoring carbon to peak carbon neutral goal "14th Five-Year" renewable energy ushered in high-quality development



New situation: into the "high quality jump" stage

In recent years, with the continuous development of policies and the continuous upgrading of technology, China's renewable energy has achieved leapfrog development, installed capacity, utilization level, and industrial competitiveness to a new level, and has made remarkable achievements, laying a solid foundation for the further high-quality development of renewable energy. Data show that by the end of 2020, China's renewable energy power generation capacity reached 934 million kilowatts, accounting for 42.5% of the total installed power generation capacity.

At present, China is building a carbon peak carbon neutral "1+N" policy system, and the development of renewable energy is the focus of it. Peng Cheng, secretary of the Party Committee and chairman of the General Institute of Hydropower and Water Conservancy Planning and Design, pointed out that in the energy supply side, it is necessary to vigorously develop clean renewable energy, as far as possible to replace fossil energy with non-carbon energy generation and hydrogen production, and build a "new power system or energy supply system"; At the end of energy consumption, it is necessary to strive to replace fossil energy consumption with non-carbon energy such as electricity, hydrogen energy, geothermal energy and solar energy in most fields such as residential life, transportation, industry, agriculture and construction.

The relevant person in charge of the new energy Department of the National Energy Administration said that in the face of the new situation and new requirements, renewable energy on the one hand should "stand first", further shift and speed up, and become the main body of energy consumption increase; On the other hand, China's renewable energy not only needs to achieve continuous technological progress, continuous cost reduction, continuous improvement of efficiency, continuous enhancement of competitiveness, and comprehensive realization of subsidy-free parity and even low-price market-oriented development, but also needs to accelerate the solution of key issues such as high proportion of consumption, key technology innovation, industrial chain and supply chain security, stability and reliability, and further improve quality and efficiency. We will move faster into a new stage of high-quality development.

"Plan" put forward the development goal, by 2025, China's renewable energy consumption will reach 1 billion tons of standard coal, "fourteen five" period, renewable energy in the primary energy consumption increase will account for more than 50%. Among them, in terms of non-electric utilization, in 2025, the scale of non-electric utilization such as geothermal energy heating, biomass heating, biomass fuel, and solar thermal utilization will reach more than 60 million tons of standard coal.

In terms of renewable energy generation, the "Plan" requires that by 2025, annual renewable energy generation will reach 3.3 trillion KWH; During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the increase in renewable energy generation accounted for more than 50% of the increase in electricity consumption in the whole society, and wind and solar power generation doubled. At the same time, for the consumption of renewable energy electricity, it is clear that "by 2025, the national total consumption of renewable energy electricity responsibility weight reached about 33%, renewable energy electricity non-water consumption responsibility weight reached about 18%, renewable energy utilization rate remained at a reasonable level."

New path: Adhere to the "five simultaneous development" and "four development"

Entering the stage of "high-quality development", renewable energy will usher in a new development path. The "Plan" pointed out that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the development of renewable energy will adhere to the "five simultaneous developments", that is, centralized and distributed simultaneous developments, onshore and offshore simultaneous developments, local consumption and export consumption simultaneous developments, single-variety development and multi-variety complementary developments, and single scene and comprehensive scenarios simultaneously.

In Peng Cheng's view, "single variety development and multiple varieties complement each other" and "single scene and comprehensive scene simultaneously" are new measures put forward in the face of land use space, consumption and system security and marketization issues. Among them, "single-variety development and multi-variety complementarities" requires that while doing a good job in the high-quality development of various types of renewable energy, it promotes the coordinated development of multiple varieties such as water scenery, water and fire storage in scenery, and regional coupled heating. "Single scenario and comprehensive scenario at the same time" requires the development of renewable energy power generation and energy supply itself, while promoting the integrated development of renewable energy with agriculture and forestry, ecological governance, and rural revitalization.

According to the "Plan", the specific measures to promote the development of renewable energy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" can be summarized as "four developments" : optimizing development with regional layout, supporting development with major bases, leading development with demonstration projects, and implementing development with action plans. Among them, the "Optimized development by regional layout" clearly promotes the large-scale development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation base in the "three North" region, coordinates the comprehensive development of water scenery in the southwest region, focuses on the local development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in the southern Middle East region, and actively promotes the cluster development of offshore wind power in the eastern coastal region.

At the same time, as the "big base" construction that has attracted much attention this year, it is also the focus of renewable energy development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. As early as March, the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of the 2035 Vision Goals proposed to build nine large-scale clean energy bases. The construction of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base aims to give play to the large-scale and intensive effect of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base project construction, ensure the depth and strength of coordinated project promotion, and show the efficiency and effect of project implementation.

"At present, the first batch of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base projects of about 100 million kilowatts have started nearly 90%, and the planning layout of large-scale wind power photovoltaic base focusing on desert, Gobi and desert areas is accelerating the implementation." According to the relevant person in charge of the new energy Department of the National Energy Administration, the "Plan" clearly puts forward the focus on desert, Gobi and desert areas, and speeds up the construction of seven new energy bases on land, such as the upper reaches of the Yellow River, Hexi Corridor, Yellow River, North Hebei, Songliao, Xinjiang and the lower reaches of the Yellow River. At the same time, it is required to promote the construction of large-scale hydropower bases in a scientific and orderly manner, and coordinate the development and construction of the two major water-scenery comprehensive bases in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and southeast Tibet, focusing on the construction of five major offshore wind power base clusters in Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, southern Fujian, eastern Guangdong and Beibu Gulf.

In addition, in order to cooperate with the national "rural revitalization" strategy, renewable energy to help rural energy reform has become an important mission of the "14th Five-Year Plan". To this end, the "Plan" proposed the implementation of "thousands of villages to control the wind action", "thousands of households Muguang action", rural energy station action, rural power grid consolidation and upgrading action plans, while improving the accessibility of rural energy, for the "beautiful rural construction".

New measures: Technology and system "two-pronged approach"

The relevant person in charge of the new energy Department of the National Energy Administration stressed that the high-quality development of renewable energy in the 14th Five-Year Plan, the task is more difficult, and it must be "two-pronged" in technology and system, adhere to innovation-driven, market-oriented development and high-quality development of renewable energy.

In terms of technology, adhere to innovation-driven, high-quality development of renewable energy. The "Plan" pointed out that to increase the efforts of renewable energy technology innovation, to carry out far-reaching sea breeze electricity technology, photovoltaic power generation outdoor demonstration, new high-efficiency photovoltaic cell technology, geothermal power generation technology and deep geothermal heating technology demonstration; Cultivate new models and forms of renewable energy development, actively promote the deep integration of renewable energy with new technologies, new industries, and new forms of business such as artificial intelligence and electric vehicles, vigorously develop comprehensive energy services, and innovatively promote the large-scale development of photovoltaic sand control; Upgrade the level of modernization of the industrial chain and supply chain of renewable energy, implement green manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing projects in the renewable energy industry, forge the long board of the industrial chain and supply chain, supplement the shortcomings of basic materials, basic parts and advanced basic processes, and improve the organizational system of technical standards, testing, certification and quality supervision of renewable energy; We will improve the renewable energy innovation chain, implement collaborative research in major science and technology and collaborative innovation in major engineering technologies, and accelerate the empirical verification of new technologies and the transformation of products and engineering applications.

In the institutional aspect, improve the institutional mechanism, market-oriented development of renewable energy. 

The "Plan" clearly states that, first, it is necessary to deepen the reform of "decentralization service" in the renewable energy industry, simplify the distributed renewable energy investment management procedures, establish a multi-departmental coordination mechanism, and promote "one-stop" service for project approval (filing). The second is to establish a development and construction management mechanism guided by the weight of renewable energy power consumption responsibility, strengthen the weight evaluation and incentive mechanism, and build a diversified grid-connected consumption mechanism composed of grid guarantee consumption, market independent consumption, and distributed generation transaction consumption. The third is to improve the market-oriented development mechanism of renewable energy, establish and improve the management mechanism of renewable energy development and construction, price formation and compensation mechanism, and market participation trading mechanism. The fourth is to establish and improve the green energy consumption mechanism, expand the scope of green certificate issuance, encourage parity projects to actively carry out green certificate trading, establish green energy consumption certification and identification system, encourage new energy equipment manufacturing enterprises to increase the proportion of green energy consumption, produce green products, and actively guide green energy consumption.