Observation on ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Second, the use of big data verification to ensure effectiveness. It is a major difficulty in mine ecological restoration work because it involves scattered map spots and difficult to supervise on the spot. In this regard, the Guizhou Provincial Department of Natural Resources used the "Internet + remote sensing" technology to carry out normal dynamic remote sensing monitoring of the mine ecological restoration project, set up a monitoring platform for the spatial ecological restoration of Guizhou Province and the restoration and restoration of the mine geological environment, verified the mine restoration and management situation by using multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing images, and realized the traceability supervision of the whole process of mine restoration and management.

"The mining geological environment governance and restoration supervision platform is a dynamic management platform based on the Internet. Relying on high-definition remote sensing images as the base map, the real-time progress of mining geological environment governance in Guizhou province is organized in the form of spatial database." Du Guomo, director of the Territorial spatial ecological Restoration Department of Guizhou Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said that the platform updates data in three months for a quarter to provide data reference and information guidance for the restoration work of local units. At present, the platform has been promoted and used in Guizhou province.

"The mine project is just the first stage of the platform." Du Guomo said that the supervision system and database that have been established will be applied to other ecological restoration projects in the future to ensure that all ecological restoration projects are stored in the database and tracked throughout the process. Finally, all the data are summarized to form a "ecological restoration map of Guizhou Province", which plays a more complete and accurate role in identifying, recording and guiding the overall ecological construction of Guizhou.

Third, remarkable progress has been made in poverty alleviation. Guizhou has integrated poverty alleviation into the ecological restoration and management of abandoned open-pit mines, absorbed local surplus labor, and allowed villagers to "obtain the output of new cultivated land, obtain labor income, and obtain resource assets to become shareholders" in the implementation of mine restoration.

Tongren Wan Shan Mercury Mine has combined geological environment governance with the construction of a mine park, leveraged market capital to invest 2 billion yuan to tap the tourism potential of the mine, promoted the transformation of the local government from "selling resources" to "selling scenery", helped 580 poor households build an employment and entrepreneurship platform, 750 people got rid of poverty through shares and dividends, and directly solved 800 people's employment. In September 2018, the Wanshan District of Tongren City was successfully lifted out of poverty, and the economic growth rate in the past three years has been higher than the average level of the country, Guizhou Province and Wuling Mountain area.

Guizhou has also actively explored the basin ecological compensation mechanism. In December 2019, with the approval of the Guizhou Provincial People's Government, Guizhou Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Water Resources, and Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Ecological Compensation Measures for the River Basins Involved in the Central Guizhou Water Conservancy Project (Trial)", initially establishing the upper and lower river basin governments of the Central Guizhou Water Conservancy Project. The horizontal compensation mechanism with financial transfer payment as the main way has broadened the funding sources for the next step to strengthen the protection of river basin water sources and ecological restoration. This experience was included in the list of reform measures and promotion of the National ecological civilization Pilot Zone in 2020.

Flexible innovation breakthrough difficulties

"After the steep wall is cleared, a 40-centimeter tube bundle is hung on it, which is equipped with nutritious soil and seeds, and the plants can survive by attaching an active protective net to the cliff wall." Chongqing Wushan County Jianping abandoned open-pit mine steep wall management project person in charge of the project told reporters. If not introduced, who can think of the present green mine, has had a difficult green experience.

Gongluo Mountain Mine Park, Chongqing.

Former limestone mining has left the village with 6.4 hectares of abandoned opencast mines. In October 2019, engineering personnel found in the implementation of steep wall governance that it was difficult for plants to survive because the high steep slope could not be covered with soil. However, the restoration work is imminent, for this reason, technicians have created a new technology for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes through repeated trials, and overcome the difficulties. This is a silhouette of the city of Chongqing promoting the restoration of abandoned open-pit mines along the Yangtze River Economic Belt.