The relationship between new power system and new energy system from energy-carbon-number perspective

■■ Energy perspective - New power systems are

A key platform for the optimal allocation of resources in new energy systems

Electricity is the most convenient and efficient use of renewable energy. In order to effectively respond to global climate change and achieve sustainable energy development, renewable energy will gradually become the main primary energy in the future. Wind, light and other renewable energy has low energy density, dispersed resources, volatility and intermittency, and it is the most convenient and efficient way to convert into high-quality electric energy. The proportion of electricity in the future clean and low-carbon energy system will increase significantly.

Electricity is the most important form of energy consumption. The steady improvement of the economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards provide a strong driving force for the growth of electricity demand. At the same time, with the acceleration of the electrification process, the level of terminal energy use in the three major fields of industry, construction and transportation will be greatly improved. In addition, the development of electric hydrogen production technology and industry can further increase the potential of electricity consumption and promote the continuous and steady growth of electricity demand.

Electricity is the core of multi-energy complementary energy system. The complementary operation of multiple energy sources, such as heat and electricity, will provide more flexibility and higher utilization efficiency for the energy system. The core of a multi-energy complementary energy system is to coordinate the energy needs of electricity, heat, cold, gas and hydrogen, leverage the combined advantages of wind, solar, hydro, coal and natural gas, and improve the comprehensive efficiency of energy utilization.

Electric power is the hub that leads the optimal allocation of energy resources. China's eastern, central and southern regions account for about 70% of the electricity demand, is the energy consumption center, but 70% of the hydraulic resources are concentrated in Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet and other southwest regions, more than 80% of onshore wind and solar energy resources are distributed in the northern western region, the economy and energy there is reverse distribution. Through safe and reliable UHV transmission and transformation lines, the power is connected to the southwest hydropower base, the new energy base in the northern part of the west and the load center in the central and southern parts of the east, promoting the coordinated development of the transmission end, improving the ability to optimize the allocation of energy resources, and playing a core hub role. It is expected that by 2025, the west-east power transmission capacity will reach more than 360 million kilowatts.

■■ Carbon perspective - The new power system is

The new energy system is the key to energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon development

Low-carbon power supports the development of non-fossil energy. The new power system has the ability to absorb and control non-fossil energy efficiently. The construction of a new power system is conducive to accelerating the clean substitution of energy production links, promoting the development of wind, solar, biomass, ocean and geothermal energy, promoting the green development of hydropower, promoting the safe and orderly development of nuclear power, and promoting the rational use of biomass energy. We will accelerate the large-scale application of pumped energy storage and new types of energy storage, and coordinate the development of the whole chain of hydrogen energy production, storage, and transportation, so as to achieve clean energy supply.

Low-carbon power supports clean energy consumption. Driven by the low-carbon power, the reliable support capacity of new energy is improved, and the traditional fossil energy is gradually replaced. Coal power has gradually turned into a supportive and adjustable power source, and the energy-saving upgrading and flexibility transformation of existing coal power units have been accelerated, which has accelerated the pace of coal consumption reduction. In the field of terminal energy consumption, through the clean and cost advantages of electric energy to promote the electrification rate, replace the energy consumption mode of loose burning coal and oil; In areas where electrification is not possible, green hydrogen and biomass fuels made from electrolysis are used to achieve zero carbon emissions in heavy-duty transportation, some air shipping and chemical industries.

Low-carbon electricity drives the development of green and low-carbon technologies. The low-carbon development of the power system has led to innovative breakthroughs and large-scale applications of low-carbon technologies such as new energy, efficient use of fossil energy, carbon capture and storage. In the energy production process, the fossil energy retained due to factors such as security of energy supply and flexible adjustment of demand in the system can be removed by carbon capture and storage technology. In the energy consumption link, due to the production process, raw material requirements, power demand and other factors can not be carried out in the field of electric energy, hydrogen energy replacement, carbon capture can be used to achieve zero carbon emissions.