Safety hazards and prevention of rubber products enterprises



Mechanical injury

Rubber products in the production process of mechanical equipment operation will produce extrusion, impact, involvement and other risk factors, when the safety protection facilities are insufficient and the operator's illegal operation and other safety hazards will lead to accidents. Such as the winding part of the main production equipment of the tire products company, when the operator covet to facilitate the violation of the safety operation procedures in the operation of the equipment to sort out the canvas roll, there is a safety hazard that leads to the operator's hand being involved in the hand fracture or even the human being being involved in the accident causing casualties.

In order to effectively eliminate these safety hazards and prevent accidents, the safety operation procedures of all equipment can be hung on the wall as A whole, so that the operator can see and comply with them at any time, and the danger points of all production equipment can be classified into hazard factors, according to their danger degree and the degree of injury when an accident occurs, it is divided into A, B, C three levels, and the production of warning signs. The warning board indicates the danger point of the equipment, the level of injury, and the prevention regulations, and the warning board is fixed on the danger point of the equipment, so that the operator can see the danger point and the prevention regulations of the operating equipment every operation, and remind the operator to operate according to the chapter.

Safety hazards and prevention of rubber products enterprises

In addition, safety protection facilities can be strengthened and improved according to the characteristics of individual equipment, especially the emergency stop device is the last line of defense for the operator's life safety, which must be complete, sensitive and effective. Taking the winding-up part of the above sail cutting machine as an example, in order to prevent accidents, the safety protection facilities of the winding-up part can be reformed. First of all, the safety guardrail is shifted to the distance that the operator can not touch the canvas roll outside the guardrail to prevent the operator from organizing the canvas roll when the equipment is running. The second is to transform the guardrail to increase the double guardrail door with the stopping device, when the canvas roll deviated from the fault or adjust, replace the canvas roll in the operation of the equipment, the operator must open the guardrail door to enter the winding part, when the guardrail door with the stopping device is opened, the equipment stops running, to make the equipment re-run, after the operator leaves the curling part, And must close the fence door, restart, the equipment can operate, so as to effectively prevent accidents.

smoke

Under high temperature conditions, the vulcanization process will produce process waste gas, that is, vulcanization gas, which can lead to occupational hazards and harm the operator.

The hidden danger of occupational hazards such as sulfur flue gas can be treated by installing a large hood gas collection and treatment device, which is aimed at strengthening the ventilation of the workshop. Due to the large production area of the vulcanization process, the point of producing process vulcanization flue gas is scattered. In order to control the process vulcanization flue gas, a large enclosure is set above the vulcanization unit, and air extraction is set up. After the process vulcanization flue gas is collected by the large enclosure, it is forcibly extracted by the extraction fan, and then led to the roof of the factory through the exhaust pipe to discharge, so as to prevent occupational hazards.

Dust is also produced during the production of rubber products, which can cause various damages to the human body. Among them, the dust of the crushing post is ancient Malone, paraffin, recycled rubber, sulfur, etc.; The dust of the dosing position includes carbon black, calcium carbonate, accelerator, antioxidant, etc. The dust of the opening and mixing position almost includes the above various components. If the workshop materials are stacked in disorder, it is difficult to clean the dust, and the dust on the equipment and on the ground is not cleaned in time, which is easy to cause secondary dust; Aging equipment, poor sealing performance; Ventilation and dust removal equipment is not matched or improperly installed; Illegal operation, remove the sealed dust baffle plate without authorization; This can cause excessive dust concentrations.

To reduce the production of dust, the main preventive measures are to reduce the dust concentration, ventilation dust removal and other methods, such as the use of dust collection, filter through the dust collector, and then centralized discharge treatment, the workshop installation of exhaust fans for ventilation, the production process transformation.

hyperthermia

Pure natural rubber or synthetic rubber (known as raw rubber or raw rubber), made of products with poor wear resistance, not long service life, use is limited, must be added to the rubber additives, and then through processing molding and vulcanization process, in order to get good performance, a certain shape and specifications of rubber products. However, in order to shape the rubber into a finished product, it needs to be vulcanized by high-temperature steam heating or electric heating. The vulcanization reaction of rubber depends on temperature, and with the increase of temperature, the vulcanization reaction speed is accelerated, and the production efficiency is high. Therefore, in the rubber molding process, heat will be generated, so that the temperature of the workshop will rise. The high temperature working environment will lead to the reduction of human physiological function, resulting in heat stroke of the operator, which becomes the incentive of industrial accidents.

Measures to improve the high temperature working environment: first, reduce the heat effect of the heat source, such as the use of thermal insulation materials to insulate the vulcanization cylinder; The second is ventilation and heat dissipation, such as the installation of a large enclosure cover to collect and treat hot air through the exhaust fan forced extraction of hot air to the outdoor; The third is local cooling and cooling, such as the installation of a large water cooler, the water cooler outlet is installed in each high temperature operation post, and the cold air is delivered to the job post to achieve the purpose of reducing the operating environment temperature.

In addition, pay attention to the harm of high temperature burns. At the end of the work, cut off the power switch and check whether all the buttons and handles are in zero position; Close all valves for steam, water, etc., and open the drain valve. When encountering abnormal circumstances, emergency measures should be taken, timely report, and evacuate the scene if necessary. Before production, the vulcanization tank must be carefully inspected, and the obstacles in the tank must be removed, and the quality of the feed must be good. During vulcanization, the operator should patrol the side of the vulcanization tank, prohibit standing in front of the cylinder lid, behind the head and the joint of the cylinder lid, and pay attention to whether the valve and pipe joints are leaking to prevent steam from hurling people.

From a macro point of view, the reasons for these security risks are inseparable from people, things, operating environment, management and other factors. Therefore, in order to fundamentally eliminate security risks, in addition to strengthening skills training, we should also do the following measures. First of all, strengthen education, enhance people's safety behavior and safety awareness. Secondly, security checks should be strengthened. Safety inspection can find the unsafe behavior and unsafe state in the production process in time, and most of the hidden dangers are found in the inspection. The content of safety check includes: check the thought, check the consciousness. Third, the implementation of hidden dangers rectification. This is the core of hidden trouble management, if the hidden trouble can not be rectified, the inspection is meaningless. The rectification of hidden dangers should be timely and effective, otherwise the hidden dangers will endanger production, and the rectification of hidden dangers should follow the "three fixed" principle of fixed people, fixed measures, and fixed rectification period. Finally, safety assessment is the most effective means to implement responsibility, right and benefit and to motivate safety work. Enterprises should formulate assessment methods, assessment content, assessment standards, reward and punishment provisions, etc., and conduct assessment according to the standards, and establish an assessment system. The assessment should start from the workshop and the team, and establish the assessment standards at various levels, especially the team positions, so that it can truly form a safety assessment system of the company's workshop assessment, the workshop's team assessment, and the team's individual assessment in the enterprise. Assessment is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of hidden danger management, and it is also the overall evaluation of the department workshop to rectify hidden danger.