Chemical production safety accident cases and safety production management measures

1. The significance of chemical safety production

The significance of chemical production safety can be interpreted from two levels, first, the social level. As determined by the production characteristics of chemical enterprises, safety accidents in the process of chemical production will seriously threaten the life safety of workers and surrounding residents, and cause serious damage to the ecological environment. Some safety accidents, such as the leakage of highly toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide, may even threaten the life safety of urban residents. Therefore, ensuring the safety of chemical production is an important work to ensure human health and sustainable development. Secondly, at the enterprise level, chemical production accidents generally have a large impact range and have strong destructive power. While causing direct economic losses, chemical accidents also cause continuous harm to some toxic and harmful substances, resulting in a large number of indirect economic losses, which brings heavy pressure to the production of enterprises. It is of great significance for chemical enterprises to strengthen their own safety management and reduce production risks for their stable and sustainable development.

2 Case analysis of the correlation between chemical safety production technology management and production safety

2.1 petrochina Dalian Petrochemical Company 8.17 Fire accident

On the evening of August 17, 2017, the raw material oil leakage accident occurred in the second joint workshop of Dalian Petrochemical Company, and the fire broke out immediately. The fire was not effectively controlled in the early stage, and finally, the top of the Zhao Cheng fractionation tower cracked, the air platform burned and collapsed, and the equipment inside the workshop and the power supply line were seriously damaged, etc. Fortunately, due to the timely and effective evacuation of personnel, the fire broke out. No one was injured.

According to the investigation results of the accident, the accident was caused by the mechanical seal of the pump body of the p220 outlet pipeline, which seriously decreased the sealing performance. The seal failed completely on the day of the accident, and the valve body of the single valve body of the pump outlet was damaged by high pressure liquid, resulting in a large amount of raw oil leakage. At the same time, there is copper leakage damage in the pre-hot line of the single valve, and the occurrence of open fire ignitions of raw oil caused production accidents, which not only caused huge economic losses to the enterprise, but also damaged and polluted the local ecological environment and water environment. According to the cause of the accident, it can be found that there are serious shortcomings and deficiencies in the production management system. First, there is a lack of effective control measures in the production process, and there is a lack of maintenance work and inspection technology for each mechanical equipment and related limits. If the sealing problem or line damage can be found in time, the accident can be effectively avoided. The blind area of production technology management and the incomplete implementation of inspection system are the root causes of the accident.

2.2 Jilin Songyuan Petrochemical Co., LTD. 2.16 Explosion accident

On the morning of February 17, 2017, the Jiangnan Project operation Department of Jilin Songyuan Petrochemical Company carried out the technological transformation construction of the diesel storage tank to transform the acidic water vapor storage tank, and a flash accident occurred during the top welding, resulting in the death of 3 on-site construction personnel, a direct economic loss of 5.9 million yuan, and an indirect economic loss of 9 million yuan.

The cause of the accident was that the concentration of combustible gas in the irrigation was more than three times higher than the minimum standard of hot fire construction, and the storage tank was not replaced with water and combustible gas detection before the construction began. During the welding process, the gas welding equipment directly detonated the combustible gas in the irrigation, leading to the explosion accident. In the accident, first of all, the construction personnel did not report to the street unit for approval in accordance with the hot work standards, and did not wait for the safety inspection personnel appointed by the superior to begin construction. There is obvious dereliction of duty in the management of hot operation by the relevant safety person. Secondly, there are serious problems in the construction process. First, the hot construction of such storage tanks should be emptied 48 hours in advance, and combustible gas detection should be carried out. If necessary, technologies such as water displacement should be adopted to further remove combustible gas. In the end, the welding staff did not have the awareness and ability of risk. Under unknown circumstances, the direct fire operation resulted in the accident, which directly reflected the shortcomings and problems existing in the production technology management of Songwon Petrochemical Company and the lack of construction safety control work. Managers' responsibilities and obligations are not in place, operators have no self-protection awareness and basic risk identification ability, and the implementation of safety production responsibilities is not in place, which is enough to explain the relationship between production technology management and production safety.

3 Strengthen chemical production technology management and ensure chemical safety measures

3.1 Strengthen the training of employees' safety awareness

According to the above, the lack of awareness of production safety among staff in the chemical production process is an important reason for the hidden danger of safety caused by staff dereliction of duty. Chemical production has many characteristics such as flammability, explosive, toxicity, and easy pollution, and many production links are not in place, which will bring hidden dangers to production safety. However, many hidden dangers have a certain degree of concealment, and some risks are easy to be ignored in the early stage, and eventually gradually develop into security accidents. Therefore, enterprises should strengthen the training of personnel safety awareness, improve the meticulous work of production management personnel, improve safety awareness, and do not let go of any safety hazard points, so as to fully ensure production safety.

3.2 Improve the actual implementation of the safety production management system

It can be developed in the explosion accident of Songwon Petrochemical Company. For the construction of hot work, China and Songwon Petrochemical company have formulated detailed hot work process and safety system standards. However, in actual work, operators and site managers did not carry out operation and construction in accordance with relevant standards, but completely relied on subjective experience to command, resulting in the safety management system becoming empty talk. Caused the accident. Therefore, while developing technical management and safety management measures for each production link, enterprises should also introduce corresponding safeguard measures to ensure the smooth implementation of various safety systems, establish a clear production responsibility accident system, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of safety leaders at all levels in the production process, standardize the production process, and set up corresponding safety inspection departments. Constantly monitor the production of the enterprise to ensure the compliance of the production technology process.

3.3 Improve the staff's inspection level of production equipment

The direct cause of the Dalian explosion was the leakage of raw oil and pipeline damage, but the deeper reason was that the equipment management department's detection level was not in place, and failed to find the safety risks in time, leading to the accident. Therefore, enterprises should be strong on the production equipment testing technology research and development and testing management. The use environment of the equipment is analyzed, and the fault prone links of the equipment are found. Differentiated equipment detection schemes are formulated according to the working characteristics of different equipment and the characteristics of security risks, and the detection level of the equipment is improved to find the fault and aging phenomenon of the equipment in time. At the same time, strengthen the use of equipment and the technical level of operators to avoid the phenomenon of equipment damage caused by measures.