How important are chemical companies to a country?

The chemical industry occupies an important position in the national economy of various countries and is the basic industry and pillar industry of many countries. However, due to the variety of chemical industry categories, complex processes, diverse products, the production of pollutants discharged in many types, large quantities, high toxicity, in product processing, storage, use and waste treatment and other links, may also produce a large number of toxic substances, affecting the ecological environment, therefore, the chemical industry is a major polluter. The chemical industry is a double-edged sword, with advantages and disadvantages.

Some netizens have asked:

Can a country do without a chemical industry? Besides, can't we build these factories in foreign countries like developed countries?

Can a country do without a chemical industry? Yes, but big countries can't. At least China should encourage healthy and sustainable development!

For example, the Maldives relies on tourism and fishing alone to support half of the national economy. Such a development model is perfectly fine for small countries, but not for large countries. To be honest, it's not easy to search the Internet for a country with no chemical industry at all. There are more than one billion people in our country waiting to eat, how can we do without a complete industrial base? Ask such a question, it is obvious that the subject of the meaning of chemical industry is not very understanding, I briefly introduce. It can be said that chemical industry is mainly to solve all the problems related to materials in People's Daily life. Yes, it is everything, including the dumplings eaten on New Year's Eve, the material is also inseparable from the chemical industry. What would we eat or wear without chemicals? I don't think even primitive man can get back to the ape way of life.

Eating your mother's milk and scolding her, typical Chinese characteristics.

Chemical industry

From the perspective of people's livelihood:

He is closely related to your food, clothing, housing and transportation, without him you can not even go back to ancient times, only the Stone Age.

From an economic perspective:

In 2015, the chemical industry accounted for more than 20% of the country's total GDP, far more than the GDP generated by real estate. That's because the chemical industry is the basic industry, no chemical building houses where to come from reinforced concrete?

From an environmental perspective:

There will be pollution, but most of it is really a legacy of China's extensive development over the past decades, trading the environment for economic production. But this does not mean that the problem can not be solved, 2015 New Year's Day began to implement the new environmental law and water ten, retreat into the park and other policies, are trying to find a way to solve the problem step by step, eat also have to eat it

.

In terms of public perception:

Is demonized too much, a mention of chemical or chemical first reaction is pollution. Take a very sensitive PX project for example, Dalian, Xiamen and other places have made PX issues, the final result is not built, the local people are satisfied.

But how many people know how polluting PX can be? Is it controllable? How to choose the pros and cons? No PX, your house is all wool, cashmere, silk? People just say: Wherever you build it, don't build it next to my house. It's typical to use a cell phone and worry that cell phone radiation will make you infertile.

The consequence of this is that PX has become a monster that everyone shouts about... China currently imports 60-70% or more of its demand from neighboring countries such as South Korea, well, at least imported products. Some time ago, a very hot advertisement: We hate chemical events, which is typical of making people funny and good, but this is the unscrupulous business to see the public's ignorance and fear of chemical industry.

In terms of practical development issues:

According to statistics, many chemical enterprise bosses respond to the three most troublesome problems: process, environmental protection and safety. Do not ask why the process is put in the first place, because the process and device without money, the enterprise can not survive but also talk about a gross environmental protection and safety.

1. Process technology:

Most of China's mainstream chemical processes remain at the technical level of foreign countries in the 8-90's, and there are some mainstream processes in domestic three barrels of oil and nine courtyards, but they are still relatively backward compared with foreign countries. The process of most of the other domestic chemical enterprises is basically to buy foreign process packages or directly use, or slightly modify the same.

At present, advanced chemical processes including agrochemical, pharmaceutical, etc. are mainly in the hands of international giants such as BASF, DowDuPont, Bayer, BASF's research and development investment can reach more than 10 billion US dollars a year, how many chemical companies in China's total annual revenue can reach 10 billion US dollars? It is said that imported drugs are expensive and taxes are expensive, but the problem is that you can't produce them yourself. How many people scold seed transgenic, scold no research and development? Seeds are linked with pesticides. How many domestic enterprises can they do? Is Ren Jianxin spending 300 billion to buy Syngenta really just for himself?

Kang Yue, business director of sustainable solutions of DuPont China Group, once said, why did DuPont sell its very profitable paint and even petrochemical businesses? Because oil is a non-renewable resource, DuPont has long been researching biochemicals. I thought to myself, the Yankee situation is too......

2, environmental issues:

The problem of environmental protection can be described as one of the most serious problems criticized by people, whether it is chemical enterprises or relevant government departments, it is indeed necessary to directly face and find ways to solve the problem.

The reality is that a large number of chemical projects are built without approval, and then the environmental assessment and other procedures are carried out after construction, and the environmental protection of the project itself has a big problem.

The other part is the enterprises and small workshops with serious problems in the past. Since Chen Jining came to power, these enterprises punished by the new environmental law hurt, everyone knows that it is serious, almost all the rich have been on the environmental protection device, or it is to change the process to reduce emissions, no money to break the pot and sell iron is also thinking of ways, really no money can only reduce production or shut down, it can be less than tens of millions of investment in tens of billions of projects!

Among the fastest growing industries in 2015, there must be environmental protection, solid waste, air, soil, wastewater...... A single city's PPP environmental protection project can reach billions of billions of scale.

3. Safety issues:

In the past two years, the chemical industry has been in the spotlight, first in April 2015, Gulei PX explosion in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, and then a device explosion in Rizhao, the heart-wrenching August explosion in Tianjin, coupled with this year's very sensational BASF explosion, many people directly targeted the State Administration of Work Safety and the entire chemical industry enterprises. The work safety Administration has been issuing documents and demands with unprecedented force.

But the effect? In fact, there are three main problems:

The device itself is aging, most of the devices of chemical enterprises were built in the 1980s and 1990s, and the present stage has come to the time of upgrading itself, and various problems have been concentrated and impossible to prevent.

What do you mean the work Safety Administration is not enforcing its documents enough? Chemical safety is different from other areas of safety, too professional, the coverage is too wide, a safety expert can get through one of the areas is very good, understand the process safety does not understand the equipment, understand the equipment does not understand the storage and so on.

Safety Administration may have enough experts can fully understand, once the policy devolve to the provincial safety department, I am afraid it has been a big discount, and then devolve to the city, experts are obviously not enough, I really can not imagine Zibo, Linyi city on thousands of chemical companies need how many experts to meet the needs of safety inspection, safety training.

The management level of chemical enterprises is not enough, yes, there are safe devices, perfect safety regulations, chemical enterprises themselves are not in place, low management level, lack of safety awareness, will lead to potential safety risks, which is also an important reason why people are afraid of chemical enterprises. The above three problems are not unsolvable, and chemical companies are not unable to build based on the city, take Singapore for example.

This is the world famous Singapore Jurong Chemical Park, Royal Dutch Shell, ExxonMobil, Chevron, DuPont, BASF, Sumitomo Chemical and Mitsui Chemical and other industry giants are concentrated here, you see this chemical park accounts for the entire proportion of Singapore? Singaporeans not alive? In fact, it takes time for anyone to solve the security problem, and the meal has to be eaten one bite at a time, and the keyboard party washes and sleeps.

Dupont, BASF, Dow and other chemical industry giants have been developing for more than 100 years, except for a few Chinese chemical companies can have a history of 30 or 40 years, most of them are new recruits. I just want to say: the revolution has not yet succeeded, comrades still need to work hard ah...

Is it possible to build the chemical plant abroad entirely? No.

I do not know which chicken soup article netizens see that chemical plants in developed countries are abroad. Xiao Bian knows that some people work in a chemical plant in Canada, can't say that Canada is not a developed country? You know, you can build a chemical plant if you want to. The location of a chemical plant needs to consider many factors.

Market demand

This is really a very important point. Do you know how unprofitable it is to run a chemical plant these days? So many million tons of ethylene production units, you think they want to produce that many? You open a 100,000 ton class, how much to lose, minutes bankrupt ah, only the scale effect pile up that little profit to ensure the normal profitability of the enterprise. If we don't have a good market, this job won't work. When you send a refinery to Africa, who will use the oil? Bring it back on a tanker? By the time I got back, half the ship was full of oil. So, market orientation is a very important consideration.

Raw material supply

It goes without saying. China is doing very well in coal chemical industry. Countries like South Africa are doing very well. Since when do you see Saudi coal chemicals? They stick a pipe in the ground and they spray oil!

Land supply

That's easy to understand, too. Large tracts of cheap land are more suitable for building chemical companies. No one's gonna use a chemical plant for imagination in a place like Orson Park.

Water supply

For chemical plants, water is not just for drinking or cleaning. Water and steam are widely used in heat transfer processes in chemical plants. If there is no heating and cooling, basically any chemical product is impossible to produce. In addition, there are transportation factors, energy factors, environmental protection factors, etc., which are relatively easy to understand, and will not be detailed.

But there are other factors. Let me give you an example.

It is said that there is a Yanshan petrochemical plant in Beijing, which is built in the mountains south of Beijing. It is reasonable to say that the land near Beijing is certainly not abundant, and the environmental protection pressure is also large, but the state still has to invest in the construction of factories here, because to ensure the supply of gasoline and diesel for the people in the Beijing area, it is considered as a social factor. Besides, the factory is built in the mountains, the transportation must not be so convenient. It's a historical factor or a political factor. Because this factory was built relatively early, when the new China was just founded, it is estimated that it was built in the mountains in order to prevent the accident of the factory in case of war or conflict affecting the surrounding safety.

To sum up, the position of the chemical plant is not the leader to beat the head to come up with, to synthesize all aspects of the multiple arguments, any aspect is not considered that it may lose underwear.