Mine equipment operation safety risk points and prevention and control

The safety risks of mining equipment operation are more and more complex, and the safety accidents caused by the involved aspects are more, and the accident one and occurs lightly will hurt the legs and feet, and the heavy will die, therefore, the safety risk point of mining equipment operation is the top priority of the safety management of stone open-pit mines.

(1) Safety risks and prevention and control of mine locust crane operation

① Safety risks and prevention and control of rod crane installation. Rod crane is used to lift stone overweight equipment, which is similar to gantry crane, belongs to special equipment. Therefore, the installation of this equipment must be completed by professionals from the equipment manufacturer. The installation of non-professional personnel will cause safety accidents, and the installation of locust rod crane may have serious security risks. Therefore, stone production enterprises to buy rod crane to choose qualified enterprise products, installation check whether the installation personnel have qualifications. Only from these two aspects can we reduce the safety risks brought by the cotton pole crane.

Mast installation should be made in advance of the installation plan, and through the rod manufacturers, stone mining enterprises audit and implementation. When the mast crane is installed, the geological and topographic analysis of the installation position must be carried out carefully. Choose a hard surface; The terrain selection of wind is relatively small, to avoid the occurrence of rain floods, landslides, rod crane installation should be cleaned up affecting the installation and debugging of obstacles. Non-equipment installation personnel are strictly prohibited. The stone mining enterprise where the olive rod crane is installed should have special personnel to coordinate the installation of water, electricity, gas and other installation things.

② Safety risk prevention and control during mast crane operation. Stone mining enterprises should formulate strict "safety regulations for crane operation", operators carefully according to the "mast crane operation safety regulations" operation, to prevent safety accidents, crane operators should be professionally trained and hold a job license personnel, strictly prohibited unlicensed personnel on the post, rod crane overweight lifting, speeding operation, illegal operation is the biggest safety hazard when mast crane operation. The safety personnel of stone mining enterprises must strengthen strict law enforcement in this respect, and the violators will be prosecuted and severely punished.

(3) Risk prevention and control during maintenance of mast crane. When entering the mast operation area, the pusher and repair personnel should comply with the requirements of the mast crane Operation Safety Regulations and wear labor protection articles. In addition to the maintenance of daily operators, stone mining enterprises must designate special equipment maintenance personnel to repair and maintain the mast crane on a monthly basis. Maintenance personnel shall formulate maintenance plans and carry out maintenance after approval by relevant technical departments. Mast crane maintenance operations must be operated by two maintenance personnel at the same time, and two people must cooperate closely: maintenance personnel must be equipped with safety belts if they need to climb high: operation is strictly prohibited in strong wind, heavy rain and severe frost weather.

(2) Mining drilling machine operation safety risk points and prevention and control

Mining drilling machine is a very common production equipment in stone mining, including gas leg, drill and so on. The operation of these drilling RIGS should be carried out by skilled staff, otherwise it will easily lead to safety risks.

① Risk of injury caused by rock fall in the working area. Many places in the stone mining area are close to the slope, the mountain, these places often appear rock fall, stone rolling phenomenon, if the operation is not found in time, may cause injury to the staff in the operation area, accidents.

② Risk of injury caused by drill pipe fracture. Due to the poor quality of drill pipe in the process of mining and drilling, drill pipe fracture will occur in the wild honey operation of rig operators. If the workers do not avoid in time, the fracture of the drill pipe can cause injury to people.

(3) Occupational disease risk, the dust generated in the drilling process, if the operator does not take dust prevention measures, a long time may get pneumoconiosis, which is a great harm to people's occupational disease; Drillers should wear earplugs during operation to prevent damage to their ears caused by drilling sound.

④ Risk of injury when drill and rock just fall off. In the process of drilling and de-drilling, the cuttings brought out by the drill bit and drilling hole fall and injure people.

(3) Mine disk saw operation safety risk points and prevention and control

The circular saw is widely used in stone mining and is an important equipment for stone mining, especially for granite mining. If the lack of awareness of safety risk prevention during the operation of the mine disk saw, it is easy to lead to safety production accidents, Figure 5 is the disk saw for granite, Figure 5 is the disk saw for granite.

① Mine disk saw operation requirements risk points and prevention and control. Check the condition of the equipment before running the circular saw, find out the security risks of the equipment in time, and handle them in time to ensure the safety of the equipment before operating. Mine circular saw controls the depth of each cut to prevent the phenomenon of card sawing from causing safety accidents. The speed of the circular saw in mine should be controlled to prevent the phenomenon of stuck sawing due to the excessive speed of the circular saw. Some circular saws are operated by people standing on them, and card saws pose a serious threat to human life safety when they occur. Often check the firmness of the teeth of the disc saw, and the loose ones are firmly welded. Saw blade teeth damaged seriously, should be replaced in time. During the operation of the circular saw in the mine, it is strictly forbidden to stay in the working area for a long time to prevent the injury of the circular saw to the people around.

② Mine disk saw blade installation risk points and prevention and control. The installation of the mine disc saw should be carried out by professional maintenance personnel. When installing a circular saw, ensure that the nut is tight.

③ Risk points and prevention and control of raw material and plate loading and unloading. After the disc saw is finished cutting the waste material or the plate, the waste material and the plate should pay attention to safety during the unloading process. If the unloading method is improper or careless, it is easy to cause accidents and even lead to casualties.

④ Mine disk saw equipment failure treatment. Mine circular saw failure, should be by professional maintenance personnel to check the circular saw, deal with equipment failure, to ensure the safety of equipment.

⑤ Safety precautions when the mine disk saw is shifted. Mine circular saws need to move frequently as the mining height changes. The disk saw should be responsible for the shift, if necessary, the development of safety measures plan, strictly according to the safety measures plan for the shift work, to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel during the shift of the disk saw.

(4) Mine diamond beaded rope operation safety risk and prevention and control

Mine diamond beaded rope saw injury accidents have been heard of several, the most serious accident has occurred in Italy Carrara white mine. It is said that the broken diamond beaded rope saw drove the cracked stone to hit the staff at the working face, and the mine stopped production for a long time and suffered huge losses. Domestic mines have also occurred diamond bead rope broken throw injury accident. With the popularity of diamond beaded rope saw, stone production enterprises should pay attention to the control of safety risk points of diamond beaded rope saw operation and reduce mine production accidents.

Mine diamond beaded rope saw operation safety risk control should pay attention to the following aspects:

① Diamond beaded rope installation must be firm. Diamond beaded rope running process suddenly thrown out to produce a huge force, if hit people will be killed immediately. Therefore, the installation of diamond string must be firm.

② Diamond beaded rope to control the number of joints. After the diamond beaded rope is broken, it will be connected with special joints to continue to use, but with the increase of the number of joints, the safety risk of diamond beaded rope saw is also increasing, which also poses a great danger to the operator of diamond beaded rope saw. Therefore, the number of diamond beaded rope joints must be controlled in a range that can ensure the strength limit of diamond beaded rope, and the number of diamond beaded rope joints cannot be increased without restriction in order to save mining costs.

③ The diamond beaded rope joint should be firm. The diamond beaded rope joint must be firm to ensure that the diamond beaded rope will not detach from the joint during operation. Apply appropriate pressure to the joint when connecting the rope. The pressure is small, the connection of the joint is insufficient, and it is easy to get away from the joint; The pressure is large, the pressure will break the joint, the strength of the joint is greatly reduced, and the diamond beaded rope is easy to pull away from the joint.

④ Diamond beaded rope is forbidden to be installed in a distorted state, when the diamond beaded rope is in a distorted state in production, the diamond beaded rope should be restored to a straight state with the force in the opposite direction of the distorted state. If the diamond beaded rope is twisted for a long time, the diamond beaded rope is easy to break during operation.

③ Diamond beaded rope running speed control. The reasonable running speed of the diamond beaded rope can not only ensure the safety of the operation of the equipment, but also reduce the broken rope caused by the diamond beaded rope running too fast. Diamond beaded rope operators cannot increase the running speed of diamond beaded rope in order to desperately pursue high output.

④ No one is allowed in the diamond beaded rope operation area. Non-equipment operators are strictly forbidden to enter the diamond beaded rope operation area. When the equipment operator enters the diamond beaded rope operating radius area, the diamond beaded rope should be suspended before entering the area.

⑤ The diamond beaded rope operation area should be hung to prohibit others from entering the warning sign. Because there is a huge safety risk when the diamond beaded rope breaks. Therefore, the stone mine should set up a safety warning that prohibits others from entering the area of diamond beading rope operation, and remind non-operators that people are strictly prohibited.

⑥ Diamond beaded rope operation safety precautions. Diamond beaded rope should start at a low speed and gradually increase the speed into normal operation. Diamond beaded rope operation operators should not stay away from the working area, always observe the operation of the equipment and diamond beaded rope saw, timely find the abnormal operation of the equipment and diamond beaded rope, and timely deal with it. Diamond beads should be kept away from it when running, to prevent the damage caused by the sudden break of diamond beads, the operator should strengthen the inspection of diamond beads and joints on the surface of the diamond string rope, when the beads on the diamond string string burst and the steel wire is about to break, the beads and steel wire should be cut off in time.

7 Diamond beaded rope working area around the installation of protective guardrail. Diamond beaded saw is prone to broken rope injury accident, set protective fence around the diamond beaded rope operation area: diamond beaded rope above the installation of protective belt to prevent broken rope injury.

(5) Mine installation operation safety risk points and prevention and control

Mining machine is an important loading and unloading and transferring equipment for stone mines, which is responsible for the transfer of raw materials and plates mined from mines. There are more safety accidents caused by forkloading, and there are also many adverse factors in production. It is an important work in the safety production management of mining enterprises and an important aspect of safety risk control.

① Job skill requirements. Mine fork installation operators should be issued by the state of the post operators. Unlicensed personnel are strictly prohibited from operating such equipment. Operators engaged in mining fork installation should have more than one year of work experience. Because the working conditions and environment of stone mines determine that the personnel engaged in such work should have richer work experience.

② Safety requirements during operation. The operation should strictly abide by the provisions of the post operation system, the fork installation and operation should focus on careful driving, and always tighten the string of safe production. It is strictly forbidden to overload the car, which is the biggest safety risk in the fork loading operation. Compliance with the provisions of this safety system, and loading safety accidents can be greatly reduced, or even do not appear.

(3) Prevention and control of security risks. The key to prevent and control the safety risk of reloading is to strengthen the safety management of reloading and improve the safety risk awareness of the operators and employees. Strengthen the daily maintenance and maintenance of forklifts; To increase the punishment of illegal operators, with strict system management fork loading operators; Create a spacious and neat working environment for forklifts.

(6) Mine motor transport safety risks and prevention and control

① Job skill requirements. Mine motor transport drivers should hold the corresponding driving license for the vehicle they are driving. Large dump trucks are best to have one year of experience.

② Safety requirements during operation. When loading the vehicle, the driver or command personnel can signal the transport vehicle to drive into the loading site. It is forbidden to start the vehicle by sliding, and it is forbidden to glide in neutral when driving downhill. When parking on a ramp, the driver cannot leave and must use the parking brake and take safety measures. The motor vehicle should drive at medium speed on the mining road, and the speed limit should be limited in sharp bends, steep slopes and dangerous areas. When the visibility is affected by fog and smoke, the front yellow light and sign light should be turned on, and the distance between the front and rear workshops should not be less than 30m. When the road is slippery in snow and snow and rainy season, there should be anti-skid measures and slow down. The distance between front and rear vehicles shall not be less than 40m; It is forbidden to turn sharply, brake sharply, overtake or drag other vehicles, and the car should follow the command when entering the dumping site. After unloading, the tipper should drop the tipper in time, be sure to make sure that the tipper is well dropped before moving the car, and strictly prevent the tipper from erecting and damaging high-altitude lines and pipelines and other facilities. The dumper is not allowed to approach when the tipper is rising and falling, and the operator should be placed in neutral position after unloading. Prevent accidents caused by tipping bucket automatically rising when driving. The dump truck is strictly prohibited to carry flammable and explosive materials, and the outdoor platform, foot board and bucket are not allowed to carry people. Do not lift the bucket in operation. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection and maintenance of motor vehicles to ensure that the front and rear lights of motor vehicles are normal and the brakes are sensitive and reliable.

(3) Prevention and control of security risks. Mine safety personnel or production management personnel shall strengthen the inspection of the driving behavior of drivers and supervise the work of drivers strictly in accordance with the relevant management system of automobile road transport. The violators will be dealt with severely.

The driver should develop the habit of daily maintenance and inspection of the vehicle before operation every day, timely discovery of the safety hazards of the vehicle, timely elimination, and strictly prohibit the vehicle from operating with illness.

Overspeed and overloading of vehicles are strictly prohibited in the mine operation area. This kind of driving behavior is prone to safety accidents on the bad roads in the mine working area. Heavy rain, snow and bad weather should stop the transport. Even if you want to transport, you should add some anti-slip and anti-trap safety facilities to the car to ensure the safety of the car in bad weather.

Stone mine production enterprises should not arrange night work as far as possible, because the night light is not enough, the road condition in the mine operation area is complex, which is easy to lead to safety accidents. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection and maintenance of motor vehicles to ensure that the front and rear lights of motor vehicles are normal and the brakes are sensitive and reliable.

(7) Safety risks and prevention and control of mine waste splitting operation

There are artificial wedge splitting, mechanical splitting and air bag splitting in the process of mining. At present, the most commonly used splitting method is mechanical splitting.

Artificial wedge splitting is the oldest and most backward stone mining process, which is gradually dying out and being replaced by new stone splitting technologies. Although the artificial mold splitting technology is simple and backward, it is still in use because of its low mining cost and low technical requirements.

The splitting machine of stone in stone mining is also called crusher, splitting machine, and mountain machine, hydraulic splitting machine, stone splitting machine. The big split or hydraulic rock splitter is directly mounted on the excavator and uses the excavator hydraulic pressure as power. The principle is that after the output pressure of the excavator is increased by the supercharger, the driving cylinder generates a huge driving force, and then the splitting force of the strong force is generated after the mechanical amplification, so that the stone is split according to the predetermined surface.

In stone mining, air bag splitting adopts gas pressure as the driving force, and the air bag is inserted into the gap of the waste material to separate the waste material. This mining process is a new mining process, the operation is simple, the operator is safer, and it is worth vigorously promoting in the stone mining process.

Mine waste materials should be equipped with complete labor protection articles when splitting. Summer operation should also be prepared to prevent heat stroke cooling drugs, to prevent people from heat stroke.

When drilling with an air hammer, pay attention to the stone debris and gravel collapse to the eyes and some parts of the body, causing harm to the human body. When standing on the cut block or rock mass, the surface of the rock mass should be checked first to judge the stability of the cut block or rock mass before working on it. The unstable, cracked and severely weathered blocks or rock mass should be safeguarded before operation. During the splitting operation, pay attention to the surrounding area, especially the slope and mountain above the working area, and always pay attention to whether there is a stone fall above the working area and lead to a safety accident.

If the excavator is used to crack the stone and rock mass, the operator must be the person who holds the working certificate, and the unlicensed person is strictly prohibited to operate; Before the excavator operation, the road surface in the working area should be sorted out, the obstacles affecting the excavator operation should be removed, and the road surface in the excavator operation area should be reinforced. The stability of the excavator should be ensured during the operation to prevent the splitting operation from being affected by the instability of the excavator. When the excavator splits, non-operators are prohibited to enter the working area; When the split block or rock mass is separated from the main body, pay attention to the dumping direction to prevent injury when the split material is dumped.

When the artificial wedge splits, the firm situation between the hammer and the handle should be checked frequently to prevent the hammer head from flying out and the hammer handle from breaking; Often check the integrity of the wedge to prevent the wedge from breaking and flying out of injury; Replace the wedge when it is not sharp.