Mine rehabilitation

Hard work and hard work, digging out the black, leaving the green, has become an iron concept of modern mining development.

Keep trying, want to green also want to develop

In recent years, with the continuous improvement and innovation of the concept of green development, China's new attempts, new explorations and new experiences in mining area restoration and mine ecological management are endless.

On September 15, the "Muli Mining area ecological environment comprehensive treatment project (Section 1) Grass restoration Project" (hereinafter referred to as Muli Mining area restoration Project) undertaken by the China Coal Geology Administration (hereinafter referred to as the China Coal Geology Administration) passed the provincial inspection and acceptance of Qinghai Province.

Zhang Jiabao, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and researcher of the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in an interview with the media: "The ecological restoration of Muli mining area is the first demonstration project of large-scale mine management in China at present in the plateau, high cold and high altitude area. There is no successful experience and mature model at home and abroad for reference, which has strong exploration and experimental significance. It is not only an exploration in China, but also an exploration in the world." The quest proved to be a complete success.

The inspection group believes that the quality of the green restoration project in Muli mining area is good, especially the key indicators of the number of seedlings, coverage and plant height are better than the acceptance standard, and the seedling growth is good, and the expected results have been achieved.

According to the relevant person in charge of the General Bureau of Coal Geology, the ecological management project of the mining area follows the concept of "integrated management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses", and achieved the goal of "two years to see the green image" one year in advance, creating new achievements in the ecological environment management of plateau and cold areas and accumulating new experience.

Mining area management should be green, but also development. In the Inner Mongolia Ordos Tianjiao green energy 500 thousand kilowatts of coal mining subsidence area ecological control photovoltaic power generation demonstration project site, the reporter saw that 20,000 acres of contiguous photovoltaic panels endless, spectacular.

Unlike other projects, this PV project is a PV + industry developed after high-standard ecological restoration in the coal mining subsidence area. With the launch of the project, while contributing 900 million KWH of clean electricity to the country every year, this coal mining subsidence area will be completely transformed into a smart photovoltaic garden complex.

The reporter was informed that the project in 42,000 mu of coal mining subsidence area land on the basis of high standard ecological restoration, the photovoltaic module is arranged above the ground with a bracket, the lower layer is used for agriculture and forestry planting, aquaculture, the upper layer is used for solar power generation, play the forest light complementary, agricultural light complementary, fishing light complementary, dual-use characteristics. And supporting the development of agricultural tourism, special fruits and vegetables and other tourism industries.

Ding Xiangfei, head of the project site, said: "With the concept of green development, this project has created a new development direction for ecological restoration and governance, achieved the integrated development of the first, second and third industries, and also carried out a pilot exploration for the future green energy replacement."

Technology blessing, a "navigation" for ecological restoration

In recent years, new technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, automation and robots have brought new opportunities and paths for mining production and ecological restoration in mining areas.

According to the "Ecological Restoration Work Plan of Abandoned Open-pit Mines Based on Mining Big Data and Remote Sensing Information" of the Ministry of Natural Resources in 2019, it is necessary to use big data to comprehensively rectify the ecological and environmental damage problems of abandoned open-pit mines (including mining sites) along the Yangtze River main stream and main tributaries. By the end of 2020, the treatment of abandoned open-pit mines within 10 kilometers of each bank of the main stream of the Yangtze River and its main tributaries has been completed. Facts are gradually verifying the subversion and reshaping of the resource governance system, including mine ecological restoration, by big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies.

The open pit mine in Inner Mongolia Jalainur is a typical representative of northern mining area. After hundreds of years of exploitation, the land in the mine is barren and degraded, and the area of soil and water loss has increased continuously. Today, the century-old mine is tree-lined and completely covered with native grasses.