A 40-year historical review of the foundation stone of the new Chinese chemical fiber industry

(2) According to the decision of the central Government, on July 10, 1970, the former Ministry of Textile Industry, the first Ministry of Light Industry and the second Ministry of Light Industry were merged into the Ministry of Light Industry, with Qian Zhiguang as the minister.

(3) Establish the first chemical fiber machinery factory. In November 1968, China's first chemical fiber machinery factory - state-owned Shaoyang second textile machinery Factory began construction. Thus, textile machinery industry and chemical fiber industry jointly opened up the new China's chemical fiber machinery industry.

(4) The use of self-developed production equipment to build nine Vinylon plants. In 1971, the state decided to focus on the development of synthetic fiber industry, in Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces to build 8 10,000-ton class, in Shijiazhuang to build a 5,000-ton class of 9 plants, that year began construction. Jiangxi Vinylon Plant was put into operation in 1974, Fujian Vinylon plant and Shijiazhuang Vinylon plant were put into operation in 1975; The production of the three plants is normal, and the product quality is stable, indicating that the complete sets of domestic Vinylon production equipment are basically passed.

(3) The founding period of the petroleum chemical fiber industry (1965-1990)

(1) The first introduction of petroleum chemical fiber technology equipment. In April 1965, the state approved the introduction of a production plant with an annual output of 8,000 tons of acrylic fiber and 3,386 tons of polypropylene fiber each from the United Kingdom, which was put into production in 1969 and 1970, respectively.

(2) Independently establish the first large-scale state-owned petroleum chemical fiber production base - "2348 project". The project is in the mountains of northern Hunan, the construction of a set of crude oil refining, chemical fiber manufacturing and fabric weaving as one of the three-line factory, to ensure that the People's Liberation Army "a red star on the head, the revolutionary red flag hanging on both sides" of the new Type 65 uniform cloth supply. The project began planning in 1965, started in April 1969, and was completed and put into operation in May 1971. In September 1969, with the approval of the Central Government, the "2348th Engineering Headquarters of the General Logistics Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" was established. The project can refine 2.5 million tons of crude oil per year, produce 150,000 tons of more than 20 kinds of chemical raw materials, produce 5,000 tons of polyester, 5,000 tons of nylon, 10,000 tons of acrylic fiber, and weave 40 million meters of military clothing cloth, which can make two sets of military uniforms per person.

(3) The introduction of complete sets of technical equipment to build four large petroleum chemical fiber production bases - "four chemical fibers". In March 1973, in order to strengthen agriculture, light industry and basic industry, the central government approved the "43rd Plan", which used US $4.3 billion to introduce 26 complete sets of technical equipment projects. The "Four chemical fiber" project is one of the four chemical fiber projects.

Decision background. The total investment of the "four chemical fibers" is 7 billion yuan, equivalent to the sum of the national investment in the textile industry in the 22 years from 1949 to 1972. 

 This made him quickly realize how much the public loved the "Dacron" clothing. On the way to the South in July and August 1971, a staff member reported that he waited in line for half a day on the weekend to buy a pair of "Dacron" pants.  Premier Zhou said, we do not have the technology, can not produce.  Premier Zhou said, of course.

 Premier Zhou has been planning how to break through the long-term shortage of textile raw materials, difficult to meet the needs of the people's clothing dilemma. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, textile raw materials relied on cotton for a long time, but grain and cotton competed for land, and cotton was in short supply for a long time. For productive cotton, from 1962 to 1979, The State Council held a national cotton work conference every year, presided over by Premier Zhou personally, to formulate policies and measures to encourage productive cotton. Even so, China's cotton production has been maintained at about 40 million tons for a long time, far from the needs of the textile industry and people's clothing needs. In July and August 1970, at a meeting shortly after the establishment of the Ministry of Light Industry, Premier Zhou clearly put forward: "The national focus on light industry, light industry focus on textile, textile focus on chemical fiber."

Premier Zhou personally worked out the history of the "four three plan" after the founding of the second large-scale technical equipment introduction plan. He instructed that projects that could solve major problems must be introduced. Because of this, as the core project in the "four three plan", the construction of the "four chemical fiber" project has greatly improved the overall level of China's chemical fiber industry, and initially solved the problem of people's dressing.