A 40-year historical review of the foundation stone of the new Chinese chemical fiber industry

(7) Adjustment and reform of chemical fiber industry management system. The State Council decided that the chemical fiber industry should be assigned to the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and the central enterprises should be decentralized to the localities. In June 1958, the Textile Ministry assigned the Baoding Chemical fiber plant to the Hebei Petrochemical Industry Bureau, and the Dandong Chemical fiber Plant to Liaoning Province. In May 1960, The State Council decided that the synthetic fiber industry and the man-made fiber industry were respectively responsible for the Ministry of Chemical Industry and the Ministry of Textiles, and the Beijing Chemical fiber Experimental Plant was classified as the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and the Dandong Chemical fiber Plant and Baoding chemical fiber Plant were absorbed into the Textile Ministry.

(8) "natural fibers and chemical fibers at the same time" has become the construction policy of the textile raw material industry, and the man-made fiber industry has been vigorously developed. In July 1960, the Textile Department decided to independently develop a full set of production equipment and build a number of man-made fiber factories.  In September of the same year, the Party Central Committee approved the textile raw material industry construction guideline of "natural fibers and chemical fibers simultaneously" proposed by the textile Ministry, and called for "active development of artificial fibers." The Ministry of Textiles then organized a survey of the country's forestry and agricultural resources for the production of wood pulp; At the same time, the scientific research personnel of the backbone textile machinery factory were organized to digest and absorb the introduction of technical equipment and develop complete sets of viscose fiber production equipment. In March 1964, according to the requirements of the central government, the Ministry of Textiles, the Ministry of First Machinery, the Ministry of Forestry and the Ministry of Chemical industry set up the artificial fiber Battle headquarters to promote the construction of the artificial fiber industry.

(9) In 1961, Beijing Textile Institute, founded in 1959, was renamed "Beijing Chemical Fiber Institute"; Since 1964, Chen Weiji, Vice minister of the Textile Department, has served as president.

(10) In December 1963, the Textile Ministry established the "Chemical Fiber Industry Administration".

(11) The first batch of man-made fiber factories built with domestic equipment were completed and put into operation. In 1960, the Textile Ministry decided to develop domestic equipment and build six man-made fiber factories, with Nanjing chemical fiber Factory as the focus of construction. China Textile Industry Design Institute is responsible for the overall design and production equipment development of these factories. In September 1961, the first batch of complete sets of artificial staple fiber production equipment independently developed was put into trial production in the chemical fiber branch of Shanghai First Cotton Textile Factory.

Qian Zhiguang, Minister of the Textile Ministry, was "the main founder of the modern textile industry in New China" and directly led the construction of the early chemical fiber industry. In 1964, before the Nanjing chemical fiber factory was put into operation, the 64-year-old minister Qian stayed in the factory for more than two months. On the night of the full line test, he watched the scene in the workshop, and after the success of the feeding, he praised the staff: You did a good job.

In five years, China has opened up the development road of self-reliant construction of artificial fiber industry. At the end of 1965, China's first batch of independently designed and constructed artificial fiber factories were completed, and the artificial fiber production capacity reached more than 50,000 tons. Since then, in order to develop the automobile industry, in 1965, the Textile Ministry began to build a new Shanghai second chemical fiber factory and Hubei chemical fiber factory and other strong artificial fiber curtain fabric project. Hubei Chemical Fiber Factory has adopted a new generation of domestic complete sets of technical equipment, and the performance of the man-made fiber strong cord produced has reached the international standard at that time, so that the construction level of China's man-made fiber industry has achieved a new leap.

Independent construction of artificial fiber industry, new China's chemical fiber industry construction has taken the first step.

(2) The founding period of the coal-based Vinylon and chemical fiber machinery industry (1962-1975)

Since the conditions for the development of petroleum chemical fiber were not available at that time, the organic synthetic chemical fiber industry in New China started from the construction of coal-based Vinylon industry.

(1) Introduction of Vinylon technology and equipment. In 1961, the Textile Department formed the idea of creating a coal-based Vinylon industry. In December 1962, the central government approved the introduction of 10,000 tons of vinylon and polyvinyl alcohol complete sets of technical equipment from Japan, and the Ministry of Chemical Industry and the Ministry of Textile were responsible for the construction of the Beijing organic chemical plant for the production of polyvinyl alcohol and the Beijing Vinylon plant for the production of fiber. This is the first time for New China to import complete sets of technical equipment from a capitalist country that has never established diplomatic relations. Beijing Vinylon Plant was put into operation in September 1965.