Three questions about China's elderly care services, What will happen tomorrow?

At present, the elderly population over the age of 60 in our country has exceeded 200 million, at the same time, our country is in the case of the economy is not developed enough to enter the aging society in advance, that is, "old before rich". In this case, how to consolidate the foundation of social security, better develop the elderly care service industry, and meet the multi-level and diversified needs of elderly care has become an important social issue. Among them, how to improve the old pension model and how to revitalize the pension resources need to be explored. At the first China International Aging Industry Expo held recently, the heads of relevant government departments and experts and scholars conducted special discussions on the above topics.

Is it necessary to have a bed in a nursing home

China has different needs from Europe and the United States, and the vast majority of people still want to care for the elderly at home

In many people's minds, the future pension is to enter the nursing home, the pension institution as the main way to solve their own pension problems. Relevant officials and experts expressed different views.

Hao Fuqing, deputy director of the Department of Social Development of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that according to the development goals put forward by the "Several Opinions of The State Council on Accelerating the development of elderly care services", by 2020, China should fully build a home-based, community-based and institutional support, with perfect functions, moderate scale and covering urban and rural elderly care service system. There is a clear positioning of the three pension modes of home, community and institution, and home pension is still the foundation, while optimizing the elderly function of the community.

Hao Fuqing said that starting from our basic national conditions, the community should be the focus of elderly care services in the future, and the problem of elderly care should be solved through the "community + home" model. At present, many people have misunderstandings and think that they will go to nursing homes for the elderly in the future, and from the reality, the vast majority of people still want to realize old-age care at home.

Song Guangju, chairman of Poly Real Estate (Group) Co., LTD., believes that although the old family pension model can not meet the growing demand for elderly care, the development of elderly care industry is the key to solve the problem, but home care is a long-term choice for Chinese people, which is closely linked to traditional culture. This determines that the elderly in China are different from European and American countries in terms of pension needs, and simply relying on pension institutions cannot adapt to it. The Chinese-style pension industry should combine the three pension models of home, community and institution to achieve the "trinity".

Song Guangju said that the basic role of home care cannot be changed, and the key is to establish a unified service standard. The corresponding services can be provided through the community.

In Song Guangju's view, the community elderly care needs to implant a unified supporting standard, the elderly products into mature urban residential areas, mainly for the self-care and semi-self-care elderly platform, on the one hand, to provide home-based elderly people with meals, bath, cleaning, emergency, medical and other customized services, on the other hand, the elderly university, activity center, health care center, day care center. Establish and improve home care service outlets, provide various forms of elderly care service projects for the elderly, and promote the traditional Chinese culture of old-age care and respect for the elderly in the community.

Two ask the combination of medical care "medical" light refers to cure

The upstream provides health management, midstream timely diagnosis, and downstream rehabilitation care

Good medical and health services are an important guarantee for the elderly to achieve healthy old-age care, so the "Several Opinions of The State Council on Accelerating the development of old-age care Services" clearly put forward to promote the integrated development of medical care. However, in reality, the combination of medical care is simply understood as "nursing home + hospital", which believes that as long as the problem of seeing a doctor for the elderly can be solved, the integrated development of medical care has been achieved.

In this regard, Bao Xuequan, deputy director of the Office of the National Aging Commission, said that the development of the elderly service industry should be based on meeting the various needs of the elderly. In terms of health needs, in addition to the necessary diagnosis and treatment needs, the elderly also have many needs such as rehabilitation nursing and health guidance.

Bao Xuequan said that according to the requirements of The State Council, general hospitals at or above the secondary level should open geriatric departments, increase the number of geriatric beds, medical institutions and community health service institutions should establish health records for the elderly, establish a contract service relationship between community hospitals and elderly families, and carry out diagnosis and treatment services such as home visits. It is also necessary to do a good job in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases of the elderly, rehabilitation nursing, health examination, health consultation and other services.

Wu Danxing, a member of the senior care Services expert Committee of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, also expressed a similar view. She believes that the so-called combination of medical and nursing care, or the integrated development of medical and nursing care, should be a hierarchical and diversified supply of professional medical resources to the field of elderly care, rather than simply providing a resource for medical treatment.

Wu Danxing further said that the multi-level supply of medical resources is to achieve the upstream industry to provide health management and health consultation, the midstream industry to provide acute medical treatment and timely diagnosis, and the downstream industry to provide rehabilitation care and daily care. Compared with the supply of resources upstream and downstream, it is far from enough to solve the problem of acute medical treatment. Because a large number of older people are chronically ill or potentially ill, better quality and more guaranteed disease prevention and daily care are even more important for them. To make a simple example, acute medical treatment is like a fire extinguisher, which can control the fire in a short period of time, but the fire prevention and post-disaster recovery is a long period of time, and this normal work is put on the combination of medical and nursing care, which precisely needs the appropriate extension and development of upstream and downstream industries.

Is the introduction of social forces an investment of money

It is more important to optimize the management model, improve and enhance the industry standards

Guiding and supporting social forces to develop the elderly service industry has become the basic principle of promoting the development of the elderly industry in the future. The "Several Opinions of The State Council on Accelerating the Development of the Elderly Service Industry" clearly states that the basic role of the market in the allocation of resources should be given full play, and social forces should gradually become the main body in the development of the elderly service industry. However, there are now views that the introduction of private capital to participate in the elderly care service industry, especially the establishment of elderly care institutions, is mainly to broaden funding channels and make up for the lack of government investment. In short, the introduction of social forces is to rely on market entities such as enterprises and social organizations to "throw money".

In this regard, Diao Haifeng, director of the Publicity Department of the National Aging Committee Office, said that such a view actually dwarfs the role of excellent private capital in promoting the development of the elderly care service industry, which is a more one-sided understanding.

He believes that according to the requirements of The State Council, the introduction of social forces to participate in the elderly service industry and support social forces to establish elderly care institutions, on the one hand, it is indeed necessary to give full play to the market mechanism, mobilize more private resources to enter the aging industry, provide convenient and affordable various types of elderly care services and products, and meet the diversified and multi-level needs of elderly care services; On the other hand, after the entry of excellent and responsible social forces, in addition to bringing abundant funds and high-quality capital operation, it is more important to optimize the management mode of the elderly care service industry, improve and raise industry standards, and cultivate a large number of management talents with advanced concepts. Therefore, the contribution to the entire industry has both "hard improvement" and "soft promotion". You can't just use "throwing money" to sum it up.

Song Guangju also believes that the current positioning of the elderly care service industry is not high, the lack of a unified promotion organization, and the policy support of the industry needs to be strengthened. Although the market-oriented mechanism is gradually being established, the elderly care industry chain including development, operation and service has not been established, and the investment forces of all parties have not formed a mature and effective profit model. In this case, there is an urgent need for high-quality market players, especially state-owned enterprises with a sense of social responsibility, to take the lead in entering the industry and play an exemplary role in the development of the industry.

Song Guangju said that the biggest role of social forces entering the elderly care service industry should be to explore and form an industrial model that can effectively meet market demand and promote the introduction and optimization of relevant government policies. For example, in the future, whether social forces can reduce and reduce the land price of elderly care institutions, and whether the construction of special community elderly care apartments can enjoy the relevant preferential policies of affordable housing