The care of the disabled elderly, the community and the family together

First, in a deeply aging society, the number of disabled people is increasing

Disabled or semi-disabled elderly people are a special group of people who gradually come into view in recent years. Disabled or semi-disabled elderly people may lose their self-care ability to varying degrees. Due to old age, illness, disability and other reasons, daily life such as eating, bathing, dressing, going to the toilet, controlling defecation, indoor activities must be assisted by others or completely dependent on the assistance of others.

According to relevant reports, the number of disabled elderly people in China has exceeded 40 million. More than 60% of elderly people's home environments are not adapted to the changes in their physical conditions.

Two, one unfortunate disability, the whole family life disrupted

Disability occurs in the elderly, but there are few ways to prevent and treat it. There is an old Mr. Chen, 75 years old, normally healthy, living alone in Shanghai, his children work in Hangzhou. 2 years ago, due to sudden increase in blood pressure, cerebral hemorrhage occurred, thanks to the neighbor found and sent to the doctor in time, only to pick up the life, but left complications, the left side of the body can not move, sometimes can not control urine and bowel. Mr. Chen's personality has changed, he has been unhappy, and he has the idea of committing suicide. Their children are helpless and afraid in the face of the changes of the old man.

Three, six evaluation criteria, reflecting the pension problems

For disabled or semi-disabled elderly people, according to international standards, six indicators are used as assessment criteria, including eating, dressing, getting in and out of bed, going to the toilet, walking around indoors, and bathing. When the elderly have one or two "cannot do", it is defined as "mild disability"; Three to four items of "inability," defined as "moderate disability." Five to six "incapacities," defined as "severe incapacities." For example, Mr. Lin's father has been 80 years old, five years ago was diagnosed with cognitive impairment, unable to normal activities, lost twice, belongs to "severe disability"; The old mother is 76 years old and suffers from malignant tumor. Since the two elderly people cannot live independently, they can only be sent to a nursing home. However, after staying for half a year, because they can not get used to the life in the nursing home, they still return to the family and live with Mr. Lin and his wife.

Fourth, the elderly have access to medicine and improve the quality of life

When there is one or more disabled elderly people in a family, it is inevitable that one or several family members will be needed to take care of them, and the energy and financial input is difficult to estimate. Many people will choose to put the elderly in a nursing home. Caring for disabled elderly people is risky, and many nursing homes are reluctant to accept disabled elderly people.

Therefore, for the disabled elderly care, quality of life improvement, through the power of the state, society, community, family and individual, resource integration, coordination, is a feasible way out.

1. First of all, let's understand the current elderly care service methods, there are mainly three: home care, community care, institutional care. In the current research, we found that most elderly people prefer to choose home care. "Family elderly care bed" refers to the elderly care institutions as the support, with the community elderly care service center as the fulcrum, the professional elderly care services extended to the family, greatly alleviating the difficulties of family elderly care, by the majority of elderly people.

2. Accelerate the construction of embedded elderly care service institutions in streets and communities. We will guide social forces to extensively participate in home and community elderly care services, and launch various elderly care services such as meal assistance, medical assistance, and bath assistance.

(3) Care about the mental health problems of family members of long-term care recipients, and support the development of "respite services" for family members of long-term care recipients.

4. Focus on the long-term care of disabled elderly people in home and nursing institutions, develop nursing beds, and give priority to receiving disabled, mentally handicapped, elderly and special family elderly people with financial difficulties.

5. Integrate geriatric education and scientific research resources to train high-level research-oriented and applied geriatric health medical talents.

Fifth, master nursing skills, improve the level of care

When taking care of the disabled elderly, we also need to be targeted and provide a few home care tips:

1. Prevention of bedsores: bedsores refer to chronic ischemia, hypoxia and other problems due to long-term compression of some skin or tissue, resulting in ulceration and necrosis of skin tissue. Prevention of bedsores should pay attention to often help disabled elderly people turn over, and give the elderly more knead hands and feet, you can also use the shift machine to move the elderly to the wheelchair, push out to more activity.

2. Sanitary cleaning: Plan the daily number of displaced toilets, and shift the disabled elderly to the toilet on time by using the shift machine. The clothes of the disabled elderly should be changed frequently, and the close-fitting clothes should be kept clean.

3. Diet and nutrition intervention: Since the body function of the elderly has been much worse than before, in the diet of the elderly, according to its specific situation to arrange, should be based on the doctor's advice to supplement the required nutritional elements, correct bad eating habits.

4. Rehabilitation training and exercise: Proper exercise helps to improve the symptoms of disabled elderly people, improve physical motor function, promote the improvement of balance ability and muscle strength of the elderly, and reduce chronic pain.

5. Comprehensive nursing intervention: For the main symptoms, the combination of a variety of intervention measures, comprehensive assessment, in order to more timely detection of potential health problems in the elderly.

6. Comorbidity and multi-drug management: disabled elderly people are often accompanied by multiple diseases such as depression, heart failure, kidney failure, cognitive impairment, diabetes, vision and hearing problems. Therefore, the drug treatment of the elderly may involve a variety of drugs, and the principle of individualized treatment should be paid attention to to avoid excessive medical treatment.

7. Psychological intervention: elderly disabled patients are prone to mood swings due to the long course of illness and repeated illness. Psychological care and good doctor-patient communication can make patients feel stable and willing to cooperate with treatment, and promote the stability and recovery of the disease. Usually can be planned to increase the elderly outdoor activities, in order to relieve their depressed mood.

8. The combination of home care and communication: (1) reduce the patient's fear of death; (2) Control the impact of various diseases on emotions; (3) Listening, empathy, attention, relieving psychological burden; (4) Family members should pay attention to gentle words when communicating with patients, and the family is often in.

It is the common responsibility of society and family to develop scientific, reasonable and effective prevention, health care, treatment, rehabilitation and nursing plans for elderly disabled patients, and to improve the quality of life and healthy life expectancy of elderly patients.