OMS: The core of the retail e-commerce system

1. OMS and middle console

1. OMS

OMS is mainly engaged in the "in-storage and out-storage" of various business documents to quickly transfer and process information with the upstream and downstream systems. Order is its core data, and it is also the part with the largest quantity and the highest efficiency requirements.

In the figure above, the first layer belongs to the internal related systems, such as the commodity system, procurement management, sales orders generated by the front-end shopping process, return orders initiated after sales, and business documents such as receipt - this we can call the "upstream system" or ERP; Of course, OMS should also be part of the ERP system.

OMS is mainly for the processing of orders, including the rapid flow of upstream systems; But the real production is in the warehouse. Therefore, OMS interacts most closely with the WMS system, and the information transmission with the WMS system is completed through the API interface of the warehousing system, which can be called the "downstream system".

OMS is the composition of an intermediate system service. Horizontally, it will transfer data with the financial invoices-inventory system, so it is surrounded by many systems in the middle, and it is not too much to call it an order center.

2. Middle Desk

The figure above is the system architecture introduction of an OMS product that I saw online. The order center here belongs to the business center.

The picture above is based on a friend sent me a plan for the middle desk, made some simplification; Order management is also part of the business center.

2. Related services and functions

1. Message delivery

Commodity information

The OMS is not only responsible for the issuance and upload of sales orders, but also the transmission of purchase order and return order data, as well as the underlying product information.

The receiving of goods is the initial work of WMS, and the inventory of goods can only be generated after the receiving of goods.

Before using WMS, it is necessary to initialize data, that is, basic information such as commodity information, category and supplier, and inventory initialization. In addition, it is necessary to create and maintain information such as reservoir area and cargo location in the WMS system.

If the warehouse needs to be processed and produced according to raw materials, it needs to be configured in the commodity system, such as the father and son commodity configuration, and the raw material configuration of processed products, which will be issued to the WMS system in advance in the form of BOM.

Supplier information

Supplier information is created in the supplier management module, which includes supplier ID, number, name and status. WMS needs to obtain this part of information when receiving goods for data verification.

In addition, there are supplier inventories in the upstream and downstream systems, and the calculation and statistics of the supplier's commodity costs should be carried out.

There are commodity batch data in the WMS system, and the batch code can be created according to the relevant rules to ensure that the commodity can be distinguished when a product is multiple.

receipt

The documents here refer to the business creation purchase order, return order, and also include the user's sales order, return and exchange order.

After the purchase order and return order are created in the SCM system, they need to be synchronized to the warehouse by the OMS, so that the data verification and statistics can be carried out in the WMS system according to the collected purchase order after the supplier arrives. At the same time, receiving arrangements can also be made when the supplier has booked the delivery application before.

After the sales order is paid and dismantled, it should be sent to WMS, and the warehouse can start processing, picking, packing and sending the invoice after receiving it.

The delivery of documents is generally divided into header and row data, and commodity data is verified according to BOM in the WMS system according to the information of the delivered documents.

All these are completed through the API interface, and our original system will save the message information every time the data is sent and uploaded, so that problems can be viewed, analyzed and solved.

Therefore, when data is synchronized between the OMS and WMS, the XML information sent or returned by the interface must be kept intact.

2. Information upload

There should be a return to the data.

In this example, the OMS receives the data and status sent back by the WMS system. After receiving the data and status, the OMS performs some service processing.

Take the purchase order as an example, when the warehouse completes warehousing, the actual warehousing quantity will be sent back; In this case, the OMS system needs to generate the warehouse entry order based on the returned data and update the inventory of the upstream system. At the same time, it is also necessary to calculate the cost and generate the storage flow, because the data flow to a node needs to be calculated, the system is generally through MQ to achieve asynchronous processing.