We will promote innovative development of information infrastructure from a high starting point

Second, our country accelerated the information infrastructure construction solid foundation but outstanding challenges

From a global perspective, the path of new information infrastructure construction is being explored, and China's construction and deployment are at the same starting line as major developed countries. After years of development, China's information infrastructure has formed a pattern of comprehensive development of infrastructure such as perception, network, computing power and new technology, and the construction scale and development level are at the forefront of the world. Promoting the sustainable innovation of information infrastructure development China has a good foundation, but there are many challenges.

From the perspective of perception facilities, China has built the world's largest narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, deploying millions of NB-IoT base stations, basically achieving continuous coverage above the county seat, and the number of mobile Internet of Things connections exceeds 1.136 billion. From the perspective of network facilities, China's mobile communication network and optical fiber network are the largest in the world, with extensive coverage and leading technology. By the end of 2020, China will have 5.75 million 4G base stations, more than 718,000 5G base stations, 113.9 mobile phones per 100 people, and more than 200 million 5G terminal connections. The optical transformation of broadband access has been basically completed, with broadband users over 100 megabits accounting for more than 90%, and more than 300 cities have begun to build gigabit access networks. More than 98% of the country's administrative villages and poor villages have access to optical fiber and 4G, and it is expected that the administrative villages without broadband access will achieve dynamic zero clearing by the end of 2021. From the perspective of space facilities, the Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system has been launched, and the global positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters. The Zhongxing 16 high-throughput satellite and Tiantong-1 mobile communication satellite have all entered commercial operation, and the low-medium orbit satellite constellation has entered the stage of experimental star verification. From the perspective of computing power facilities, its marketization degree is the highest, and its development has achieved positive results. The scale of Internet data centers continues to grow rapidly, and it is developing to large-scale and large-scale. By the end of 2020, the number of standard racks of data centers in use in the country is about 4.4 million, the scale of cloud computing is close to 43 million cores, the average gearing rate is about 50%, and the level of energy consumption is gradually declining. The supercomputing power is in the forefront of the world. A number of high-performance open computing platforms, intelligent computing centers and other facilities dedicated to artificial intelligence are gradually taking shape. From the perspective of new technology infrastructure, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other infrastructure began to explore deployment. Artificial intelligence has gradually formed new forms of infrastructure such as development platforms, general AI capability platforms and industry-specific AI capability platforms. The deep learning platform developed by key enterprises has been open source operation, general AI capability platforms such as intelligent voice, computer vision, and natural language processing are gradually taking shape, and industry-specific AI capability platforms such as assisted diagnosis and treatment, autonomous driving, and urban brain are rapidly being promoted. Autonomous blockchain underlying platforms continue to emerge.

Despite the rapid development of China's new generation of information and communication infrastructure, there are still some problems to be solved: First, the perception, computing power, blockchain and other infrastructure fields have not yet formed a development pattern of integrated development and coordinated promotion. The deployment of sensing facilities is mostly fragmented and smokestack, which is difficult to form scale effect and play the role of infrastructure. Computing facilities and blockchain infrastructure compete with each other, and while promoting the continuous progress of technology and services, there is also a phenomenon of separate governance, repeated construction, and blind construction. The integration and coordination of computing power facilities and network facilities also need to be actively promoted. Second, the industry application market of information infrastructure needs to be cultivated. Facing the new industrial Internet market, the capacity of 5G, optical fiber broadband, artificial intelligence and other infrastructure needs to be improved, the application supporting cost needs to be reduced, and the business model needs to be continuously explored. In addition, how to properly cope with the hidden dangers of supply chain security and new challenges of network security that are subject to others, how to release the value of data elements, and give full play to the multiplier effect of new infrastructure are also urgent problems to be solved.