We will promote the development of offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships

Shipbuilding industry is a modern comprehensive and strategic industry that provides technology and equipment for water transportation, Marine resources development and national defense construction, is an important part of the national development of high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and is the foundation and important support for the national implementation of the strategy of maritime power. To this end, the "Made in China 2025" Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships as one of the ten key development areas to accelerate progress, clear the development priorities and goals in the next 10 years, for the development of China's Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships pointed out the direction.

First, fully understand the importance of promoting the development of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships

Marine engineering equipment is the general term of all kinds of equipment used in the development, utilization and protection of the ocean, and is the premise and foundation of the development of Marine economy. High-tech ships have the characteristics of high technical complexity and high value, which is an important direction to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's shipbuilding industry. Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships are at the core of the Marine equipment industry chain, and promoting the development of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships is an inevitable requirement to promote the restructuring and upgrading of China's shipbuilding industry and accelerate the construction of China's shipbuilding power in the world. It is of great significance to safeguard national maritime rights and interests, accelerate Marine development, ensure strategic transportation safety, promote sustained growth of national economy, and increase labor employment.

(1) Accelerating the development of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships is the only way for China to build a maritime power

China is a big country with both land and sea, and improving its capacity for Marine development, control and comprehensive management bears on long-term economic and social development and the overall situation of national security. A fundamental difference between the sea and the land is that all activities at sea must rely on the corresponding equipment, and human exploration and development of the ocean are accompanied by the progress of equipment technology, including shipbuilding technology and ocean engineering technology. To navigate the sea, we must equip ourselves first. In particular, China's maritime power construction process is moving forward, and its comprehensive strength is rising, which has formed a challenge to traditional maritime powers, and Western powers have blocked China in some core technologies and equipment. To become a maritime power, China must establish an independent and controllable equipment system, and master the ability to independently develop Marine engineering equipment, high-tech vessels and other high-end equipment. At present, China is vigorously promoting the development process of the South China Sea and the construction of the Maritime Silk Road, the demand for Marine infrastructure construction, resource development, space development and other related equipment will be more urgent, but also put forward higher requirements for the development of China's high-end Marine equipment.

(2) Accelerating the development of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships is an inevitable requirement for building a world shipbuilding power

After the rapid development since the new century, China has become the world's most important shipbuilding country, with strong international competitiveness. In the next 10-20 years, China's shipbuilding industry will enter a new stage of comprehensive strengthening. The core task of building a world shipbuilding power is to comprehensively promote structural adjustment, transformation and upgrading. The so-called comprehensive transformation is the comprehensive transformation of the driving force of industrial development, from relying on material factors to relying on innovation-driven transformation, to product innovation, manufacturing technology innovation and other support industrial development; The so-called structural upgrading is mainly the upgrading of technical structure and product structure. Accelerating the development of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech shipbuilding is an important direction for the comprehensive transformation and structural upgrading of the shipbuilding industry, so as to achieve comprehensive strength. Accelerating the improvement of the international competitiveness of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships, and gradually leading the future international ship and Marine engineering equipment market will effectively drive the overall jump in the technical level, scientific and technological innovation ability and comprehensive strength of China's shipbuilding industry.

Accelerating the development of high-end equipment manufacturing, such as Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships, is an important engine for industrial transformation and upgrading

As the Chinese economy has entered a new normal, the growth rate has gradually slowed down, the development model has begun to shift to an intensive mode, the economic structure has been deeply adjusted, and the driving force of development has shifted to new growth points. The development of high-end manufacturing is an important measure for China's manufacturing industry to adapt to the new normal of the economy and reshape its competitive advantage. Shipbuilding industry, as the earliest industry in China to enter the international market and already have strong international competitiveness, has the basis and conditions for the first breakthrough in the process of building a world manufacturing power in China. The rapid development of high-end Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships will inevitably become an important engine to drive the upgrading of the entire manufacturing industry.

Second, the situation facing the development of China's Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships in the next ten years

(1) The international shipping market has entered a new round of adjustment cycle, and Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships have become hot demand

The shipbuilding industry is a very cyclical industry. Throughout the development of the international shipping market, there is a large cyclical fluctuation at an interval of about 30 years, during which there will be short and medium term fluctuations every 3-5 years. Since the international shipping market entered a new round of adjustment in 2008, although there have been ups and downs during the period, it is still generally at the low level of the industrial adjustment cycle. At present, global shipping capacity is close to 1.7 billion DWT, and the contradiction between total shipping capacity and structural excess is serious, and it will take some time to digest excess shipping capacity. In terms of the future adjustment direction, the demand structure has changed significantly, the demand for conventional ship types such as bulk carriers is weak, and the demand for Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships is relatively strong. At the same time, energy-saving and environmentally friendly new bulk carriers, container ships, oil tankers will be the main market demand, liquefied natural gas (LNG) vessels, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) vessels demand will remain strong, car carriers, luxury cruise ships, ocean fishing vessels demand growth will be more obvious, more market growth will come from technologically complex ship types.

(2) The competitive pattern of the global shipbuilding industry has been deeply adjusted, and the competition between major shipbuilding countries in the field of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships will become increasingly fierce

In the future, the world shipbuilding industry will still maintain the competitive pattern between China, South Korea and Japan, and it will be more mainly reflected in the field of high-tech ships and offshore engineering equipment. Specifically, the European shipbuilding industry will further withdraw from the ship assembly and construction market, but it still has advantages in design, supporting, maritime rules and other aspects, especially Europe and the United States basically monopolized the core design and key supporting equipment in the field of Marine engineering equipment; India, Brazil, Vietnam and other emerging shipbuilding countries are affected by the financial crisis. Japan still has strong competitiveness in shipbuilding technology, production efficiency and product quality. South Korea's shipbuilding industry will maintain a comprehensive competitive advantage in a relatively long period of time, and South Korea proposes to build the Marine engineering equipment manufacturing industry as the second shipbuilding industry in the next 5-10 years; Singapore is committed to maintaining its competitive edge in offshore equipment. At present, China has accelerated to catch up with Singapore in the field of conventional offshore manufacturing products, and is transforming to high-end products, and the competition between China, South Korea and Singapore will be more intense in the future in the field of deep-water offshore tooling products.

(3) Major changes have taken place in the core competitive elements of the industry, and the key elements have shifted from hard power to soft power

In the new industrial competition environment, the key to determining the success or failure of the competition is no longer the scale of facilities, low labor costs and other factors, but technology, management and other soft power and shipbuilding, supporting the whole industry chain synergy, scientific and technological innovation ability to contribute more prominent competitiveness. Changes in competitive factors have directly led to the weakening of the original comparative advantages of China's shipbuilding industry, especially the increase in the cost of various factors such as labor and land, the long-term appreciation trend of the RMB exchange rate, the traditional advantages of low-cost manufacturing are disappearing, and the focus of industrial development has shifted from the pursuit of speed to the pursuit of quality and efficiency. High-tech ships and Marine engineering equipment are at the high end of the value chain of the shipbuilding industry, and are the focus of the future development of China's shipbuilding industry.

(4) The rise of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation will trigger a deep adjustment of the division of labor in the manufacturing industry

New scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation characterized by the deep integration of information technology and manufacturing industry are emerging, and the breakthrough and cross-integration of multi-field technical groups are driving profound changes in the production mode of manufacturing industry, and "digital, networked and intelligent manufacturing industry" has become an important trend of future technological change. The manufacturing mode has accelerated the transformation to digitalization, networking and intelligence, and flexible manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing have increasingly become an important direction for the development of the world's advanced manufacturing industry. Ship manufacturing is also developing in the direction of intelligent design, intelligent products, refined management and information integration, and the world's shipbuilding powers have put forward the goal of building smart shipyards. At the same time, the international maritime safety and environmental protection technical rules are becoming stricter, and the requirements for ship energy conservation and environmental protection safety technologies such as ship emissions, hull biological pollution, and safety risk prevention continue to improve, and the pace of technological upgrading of ships and supporting products will be further accelerated.

5. Unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable industrial development is still a serious problem, and the industrial structure needs to be adjusted and upgraded urgently

First, the ability of independent innovation needs to be improved, and the market competitiveness of high-end products is not strong. Innovation-leading and innovation-driving are obviously insufficient, and the innovation model is still a follower type. The proportion of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships is significantly lower than that of South Korea, especially in deep water equipment, the gap is more obvious.

Second, the ship supporting industry needs to be upgraded. South Korea, Japan Marine equipment localization loading rate as high as more than 85% and more than 90%, China still has a big gap, especially in high-tech ships and Marine engineering equipment supporting the field of localization of less than 30%.

Third, production efficiency needs to be improved. At present, China's shipbuilding efficiency is 1/3 of South Korea and 1/4 of Japan. With the continuous rise of labor costs, efficiency will play a more prominent role in maintaining cost competitive advantage.

Fourth, the industrial structure needs to be upgraded. At present, China's shipbuilding industry is facing increasingly tight constraints on resources and environment, labor costs and the cost of various production factors rise and other problems, shipbuilding capacity structural excess problem is prominent, the product structure is mainly dominated by bulk carriers, low-end overcapacity, high-end capacity is insufficient.

Third, in the next ten years, China's offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ship development ideas and key directions

In the next ten years, China's shipbuilding industry should closely focus on the strategy of maritime power and the grand goal of building a world shipbuilding power, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, comply with the new trend of world shipbuilding competition and shipbuilding science and technology development, strengthen innovation drive, and take structural adjustment, transformation and upgrading as the main line. The main direction is to make Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ship products and their supporting equipment independent and branded, and to promote digital, networked and intelligent manufacturing as a breakthrough, and constantly improve the level, quality and efficiency of industrial development. Strive to become the world's leading country in Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships by 2025, and realize the qualitative leap from large to strong shipbuilding industry.

"Made in China 2025" clearly states that the field of ocean engineering equipment and high-tech ships will vigorously develop deep-sea exploration, resource development and utilization, offshore operation support equipment and its key systems and special equipment. Promote the development and engineering of deep-sea space stations and large floating structures. The ability to comprehensively test, test and appraise Marine engineering equipment will be formed, and the level of Marine development and utilization will be improved. We will break through the design and construction technology of luxury cruise ships, comprehensively enhance the international competitiveness of high-tech ships such as liquefied natural gas, and master the integrated, intelligent and modular design and construction technology of key supporting equipment.

According to the stage of industrial development, development basis and conditions, the development direction and focus of Marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships in the next decade are mainly in the following aspects:

(1) Marine resources development equipment

Marine resources include Marine oil and gas resources, mineral resources, Marine biological resources, Marine chemical resources, Marine energy, Marine space resources and so on. Marine resources development equipment is all kinds of Marine resources exploration, mining, storage, processing and other equipment.

1. Deep-sea exploration equipment. Focus on the development of deep-sea geophysical exploration ships, engineering survey ships and other surface Marine resources exploration equipment; Vigorously develop manned deep-sea submersibles, unmanned submersibles and other underwater exploration equipment; Promote the research and industrialization of ocean observation networks and technologies and ocean sensing technologies.

2. Offshore oil and gas resources development equipment. Focus on improving the technical capabilities of mainstream equipment such as jack-up drilling platforms, semi-submersible drilling platforms, semi-submersible production platforms, semi-submersible support platforms, drilling ships, floating production storage and unloading devices (FPSO), and accelerate the pace of technological upgrading; Vigorously develop the research and development level of new equipment such as liquefied natural gas floating production, storage and unloading unit (LNG-FPSO), deep draft column platform (SPAR), tension leg platform (TLP), floating drilling production, storage and unloading unit (FDPSO), and form industrialization capacity.

3. Other Marine resources development equipment. Focusing on the future needs of Marine resources development, we will carry out forward-looking research on new Marine resources development equipment such as seabed metal mineral exploration and development equipment, natural gas hydrate and other mining equipment, wave energy/tidal current energy and other Marine renewable energy development equipment, so as to form technical reserves.

4. Marine operation support equipment. It will focus on the development of auxiliary and construction equipment for offshore engineering such as semi-submersible transport vessels, lifting pipe-laying vessels, windmill installation vessels, multi-purpose working vessels, and platform supply vessels, and accelerate the development and application of deep-sea underwater emergency operation equipment and systems.

(2) Equipment for the exploitation of Marine space resources

Marine space resources refers to the general term of the geographical areas of the sea, sea and seabed that are related to the development and utilization of the ocean. Equipment for the comprehensive utilization of sea surface, sea and submarine space can be collectively referred to as Marine space resources development equipment.

1. Deep-sea space Station. Breaking through the key technologies of ultra-deep diving operation and residential deep-sea space station, it has basic functions such as manned autonomous navigation, long-term self-sufficiency and underwater energy relay, can integrate several special modules (Marine resource detection module, underwater drilling module, platform underwater installation module, underwater detection/maintenance/repair module), and carry various types of underwater operation equipment. Carry out deep-sea exploration and resource exploitation operations.

2. Large floating structures in the ocean. With the development of the South China Sea as the main goal, combined with the construction of islands and reefs in the South China Sea, by breaking through the core and key technologies of large floating platforms at sea, in accordance with the different functional needs of energy supply, material storage and supply, production and living, resource development and utilization, aircraft take-off and landing, and relying on typical islands and reefs, the construction of floating platforms will be carried out.

(3) Comprehensive test and detection platform

The comprehensive test and testing platform is the foundation of the overall research and design of Marine engineering equipment and supporting equipment, and is the source of innovation and the driving force of development.

1. Numerical water pool. In order to narrow the gap between China's ship design theory and technology level and the international leading level, through phased implementation, the numerical pool can be established to guide the research and development and design of ships and offshore engineering.

2. Marine engineering equipment test site. With the goal of systematically solving the fundamental problems of the autonomy and industrialization of the key supporting equipment of China's ocean engineering equipment, the durability and reliability tests of various platform equipment and underwater equipment are realized through the construction of Marine engineering equipment test sites, and the process of localization of China's ocean engineering equipment is accelerated.

(4) high-tech vessels

The focus of the next development of the Marine field is: first, to achieve green and intelligent products, and second, to achieve high-end product structure.

1. High-tech and high value-added vessels. Seize the favorable opportunity of continuous active demand for technologically complex ship types, rapidly improve the design and construction level of LNG vessels, large LPG vessels and other products, and build high-end brands; Breakthrough luxury cruise ship design and construction technology; We will actively develop new Arctic shipping routes and new energy vessels.

2, super energy saving and environmental protection ship. Through the breakthrough of hull line design technology, structural optimization technology, drag and consumption reduction technology, efficient propulsion technology, emission control technology, energy recycling technology, clean energy and renewable energy utilization technology, the development of energy-saving and environmentally friendly ships with leading level, greatly reducing the energy consumption and emission level of ships.

3. Smart ships. Through the breakthrough of automation technology, computer technology, network communication technology, Internet of Things technology and other information technology in the application of key technologies on the ship, to achieve the automation of the ship's engine room, navigation automation, mechanical automation, loading automation, and to achieve route planning.