Relevant suggestions for the development of nuclear power in China



1. The scope and scale of the use of nuclear power should be controlled

(1) Limited nuclear resources should be given priority to meet the needs of national defence and military industry

China has only less than 150,000 tons of natural uranium resources, which should give priority to ensuring the development of nuclear weapons, defense ships, island defense and other needs, and can also provide nuclear power for civilian ships and port handling. To support the normal operation of existing nuclear power plants, China needs to import 85% of its annual natural uranium consumption. If nuclear power makes a further "great leap forward", the supply of uranium resources will be severely constrained by foreign countries, much higher than the roughly 60% dependence on oil. Therefore, in the use of nuclear energy, we must stop the fanatical momentum similar to the "great leap Forward", we do not need to drink poison to quench our thirst in the energy issue, but also carry a heavy economic burden like buying iron ore.

At present, China's nuclear power only accounts for 4.2% of the total power generation, even if completely abandoned will not bring much impact on China's power supply, unlike France (nuclear power accounted for 75%), Slovakia (nuclear power accounted for 53.5%), Belgium (nuclear power accounted for 51.7%) and other countries, if immediately abandoned nuclear power, it will mean that life is seriously affected. The economy is in a state of semi-stagnation or even paralysis. First, the demand for electricity in these countries is small, a few nuclear power plants account for most of the total electricity, and second, geological disasters are less and the weather conditions are good. In fact, when these countries deal with retired nuclear power plants, they also need to build other types of power plants to replace the vacancy of nuclear power, which requires not only a huge amount of money, but also a long time. We should continue to develop and research uranium isotope separation technology, spent fuel reprocessing technology and heavy water production technology, in addition to military purposes, we can also establish Marine nuclear power platforms on islands and beaches, equipped with ocean ships or nuclear powered speedboats. Even if there is a safety accident, it will not pollute the water source and food base, endangering people's lives and property safety.

2. Using nuclear power, you can move to the island and do what you can

This article agrees with Academician He Zuoxiu's view that it is not appropriate to build nuclear power plants on a large scale in inland areas, especially in densely populated industrial areas, and there can be no "great leap forward" in the construction of nuclear power plants, but it does not oppose the construction of nuclear power plants on remote beaches or islands that meet the conditions. In China, there are more than 18,000 kilometers of coastline, more than 6,300 islands, more than 3 million square kilometers of maritime areas under jurisdiction, and huge potential for developing Marine economy. According to reports, in the first three quarters of 2019, China's gross Marine product was nearly 6.4 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6.3%, accounting for 9.17% of the GDP in the same period, and employing more than 35 million people. Therefore, some people say that the next century is the century of the ocean.

China "has the right to make peaceful use of the high seas and participate in international cooperation in the development of Marine resources, and there is a wide space for the development and utilization of Marine resources." If we want to expand new space for development, we must march into the ocean and vigorously develop the Marine economy. This requires equipping ocean-going vessels with nuclear power, equipping nuclear aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and various ships that can protect Marine economic security, and even building mobile nuclear power energy systems to establish unsinkable coastal defense bases. The establishment of nuclear power plants on islands or at sea and the development of nuclear energy technology can, on the one hand, regulate the supply and demand of electricity on islands to cope with possible oil shortages in the future, and on the other hand, provide power sources for ships or offshore platforms. Not only military facilities and coastal defense warships need nuclear energy support, but also island construction and ocean-going ships need nuclear energy supply. If the scale and layout of nuclear power plants are reasonable, China can build more than 7,000 islands with an area of more than 1 square kilometer into an unsinkable coastal defense base.

2. Vigorously develop new energy to replace nuclear energy

People in the industry often ask: What should we do if we do not develop nuclear power and face power shortages? In fact, focusing on research and development of new energy is the solution to the root of the energy problem. As mentioned above, nuclear power accounts for only 4.2% of China's electricity structure, which can be replaced by increasing the development of new energy sources. Because it is not the focus of this study, here are a few examples to illustrate: (1) Solar energy, China's vast territory, has extremely rich solar energy resources, at present, China has made certain achievements in the application of solar energy technology and product development, but the solar energy development is less than one hundred thousand of the total. (2) Water energy: According to the latest census results, China's annual electricity generation of explovable hydropower resources is 2.47 trillion kWh, ranking first in the world. As of May 2019, the annual electricity generation is about 0.4 trillion kWh, which still has great potential to be developed. (3) Wind energy, China's wind energy reserves are huge, 10 times the water energy, and widely distributed, never exhausted, the current development is only a very small part. (4) Ocean energy, including tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, seawater temperature difference energy, ocean infiltration energy, etc., compared with developed countries, China's development in this area is extremely limited, and there is no scale economy. (5) Geothermal energy, China's geothermal resources account for one-sixth of the world, a total of about 3.2 million megawatts, equivalent to 853.2 billion tons of standard coal, the current development of less than 1/1000 of the annual available consumption, the development potential is huge. (6) Hydrogen energy, first of all, should be based on the use of hydrogen in industrial by-products, such as coke oven gas hydrogen production. China's coke oven gas resources are very rich, if used well, can replace many nuclear power plants; Secondly, research should be strengthened to produce hydrogen through dispersed secondary energy sources. (7) Biomass energy. China has rich biomass energy resources, but the current power generation scale and research and development capacity are very limited, should be further strengthened.

3. Actively explore new energy sources available in the future

In reality, the new energy that can be developed and utilized in the future is far more than these. For example, coal bed methane (commonly known as "gas") also has great prospects for development and utilization. According to incomplete statistics, the total amount of coal bed methane resources at 2000 meters shallow in China is about 326366×108 meters 3, of which 1000 meters? The buried depth of 2000 meters is 215,666 ×108 meters 3, and the shallow depth of 1000 meters is 110700×108 meters 3. For example, combustible ice (also known as natural gas hydrate) is known as a new energy source that can meet human use for 1,000 years, and is called "the representative of new energy in the future." It is estimated that 1.3 meters of combustible ice can release 160? 180 meters of natural gas, its energy density is 10 times that of coal, and does not produce any residue and waste gas after combustion, known as the green energy of the 21st century. In 2010, Chinese scientists in the north of the South China Sea in the Shenhu Sea drilling target area, delineated 11 flammable ice ore bodies, containing a total area of about 22 square kilometers, the average effective thickness of the ore layer is about 20 meters, the predicted reserves of 19.4 billion meters 3. In June 2013, China first drilled high-purity "combustible ice" in the eastern waters of the Pearl River Estuary Basin off the coast of Guangdong Province, with a proven scale equivalent to 1,000 ㎡ ㎡. 150 billion m3 of natural gas reserves. It is reported that China is expected to achieve the commercial development of combustible ice in 2030, and the energy problem will be solved.

In addition to new energy sources such as solar energy, water energy and wind energy, which are widely used, scientists are also actively exploring new energy products, including:

(1) Algae energy, algae is the source of oil and natural gas on the earth, the stock is rich, San Francisco Solazyme company has successfully extracted and processed various fuels from algae. (2) Bacterial energy, the researchers of LS9 company in Silicon Valley "invented a bacterial genetic modification transgenic technology", through "genetic modification of different strains and microbial transgenic culture, so that these microorganisms under the action of bacteria, can convert energy into ethanol or oil substitutes". (3) Waste energy, Canada is building the largest vaporized waste power plant in North America, the entire project cost 125 million US dollars, after the completion of the new plasma arc vaporization power generation technology, absorb 400 tons of municipal solid waste per day, generating power of 21 megawatts. (4) Weather Energy, the "artificial Tornado" power generation system designed by Canadian engineer Louis Michelde, "can generate 200 megawatts of electricity each time to meet the electricity needs of 200,000 households." (5) Greenhouse gas energy, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States have successfully turned harmful greenhouse gases into fuel, and at present, they are "testing a thermoelectric generator to explore the re-capture of energy from the exhaust gas emitted by cars and generate electricity", visible, as long as the courage to explore, energy is always there.