It is high time to vigorously develop bio-natural gas

■■ Development of biological natural gas

Great significance

Biogas is purified from biogas and is known internationally as biomethane gas or renewable natural gas. Biogas is a combustible mixture of organic matter produced by microbial decomposition under anaerobic (anaerobic) conditions, while eliminating pathogens in it, and ultimately leaving nutrient-rich fertilizer as a byproduct. The main components of biogas are methane and carbon dioxide, the methane content is about 60%, purified to more than 93% is biological natural gas, the calorific value is close to natural gas, can be used as car gas or pipeline gas, high economic value.

In recent years, Europe and North America are accelerating the development of biological gas, and international energy giants have also accelerated their entry into the field of biological gas. Bp paid $4.1 billion for a U.S. producer of renewable natural gas on Oct. 17. Currently, the United States has become the world's largest biomethane market. Between 2020 and 2021, Europe's biomethane production will increase by 40%, with 87% of it connected to urban gas networks. Biomethane consumption in the EU is expected to account for 30-40% of total gas consumption by 2050.

According to the "Double carbon" Development Report of China's biogas industry, the amount of organic waste such as agricultural, rural, urban and industrial wastewater that can be used for biogas production in China is about 4.27 billion tons, 360 million tons and 6.54 billion tons, respectively, and the potential to produce biogas exceeds 500 billion cubic meters. It is estimated that by 2030, the biogas production potential can be obtained by about 169 billion cubic meters, achieving a reduction of 300 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

China is a big country of breeding industry, and a large amount of livestock and poultry manure has become a difficult problem of rural environmental governance. The development of biological natural gas is the main way of harmless and resource utilization of organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure. In recent years, the use of animal manure to develop bio-natural gas in China has achieved good results. For example, Shandong Minhe Animal Husbandry annually treats 450,000 tons of chicken manure, 300,000 cubic meters of sewage, generates 20 million tons of electricity annually, produces 50,000 tons of solid organic fertilizer, 160,000 tons of water-soluble fertilizer, and 15 million cubic meters of biological natural gas, and successfully registered CDM projects in the United Nations and obtains 1 million U.S. dollars in income, with significant environmental, social and economic benefits. On October 1, the national standard "biological gas" was officially implemented, laying the technical foundation for accelerating the industrialization of biological gas in China.

However, there is still a huge gap between the amount of bio-natural gas development and the amount of resources in China. The reason is that the industry positioning is not clear, the competent department is not clear; The second is the lack of systematic policy design, it is difficult to get through the blocking points and difficulties in the industrial chain; Third, the mechanism of "who polluts who pays" in the breeding industry has not been implemented in place, resulting in difficult raw material collection and high cost; Fourth, the lack of effective market pulling mechanism and mature business model, the industry development is slow. The current gas management system barriers limit the marketization and promotion of biological gas, and the completed projects can not enter the city gas pipeline network, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale development. Fifth, the adjustment of agricultural planting structure is not in place, the market sales channels of biogas residue and biogas slurry are not smooth, especially the excessive antibiotic residues of poultry manure affect the return to the field; Sixth, there is still a gap with the international advanced level in low temperature fermentation, tank capacity gas production rate and automation level.

To realize the high quality development of biological gas is an effective measure to improve China's energy security and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of natural gas industry. At the same time, it is also an inherent requirement to promote the high-quality development of the aquaculture industry and improve the rural living environment, and an important starting point for implementing the rural revitalization strategy and promoting rural green development. At present, the price of LNG has risen, and the cost advantage of biological gas has been highlighted. In particular, the establishment of the domestic carbon market provides a platform for bio-gas to achieve green and low-carbon market-oriented value, and the biogas and bio-gas industry has ushered in a rare historical development opportunity.

■ Scientific system and mechanism

And policy system to be built

At present, the conditions for large-scale, industrial and industrial development of biological gas have been basically mature, and the key is to further improve regulations and policies, break down industry barriers, and scientifically build institutional mechanisms and policy systems to promote the sustainable development of biological gas.