Method and principle of sewage treatment

Method Principle Edit broadcast

Common water treatment methods are:

(1) Sediment filtration method

(2) hard water softening method

(3) activated carbon adsorption method

(4) Deion method

(5) Reverse osmosis method

(6) ultrafiltration method

(7) distillation method

(8) ultraviolet disinfection method

(9) Biochemical law.

(10) Mixed ion exchange method

Catalytic electrolysis

The technology uses the micro-electrolytic filler filled in the micro-electrolytic equipment to produce "galvanic" effect to treat the wastewater without power. When the water is passed through, numerous "galvanic cells" with potential differences of up to 1.2V are formed in the device. The "galvanic cell" uses waste water as electrolyte, and electrolytic oxidation and reduction treatment of waste water is carried out by discharging current to achieve the purpose of degrading organic pollutants. The new ecology produced in the treatment process [.O], [H], [O], Fe2+, Fe3+, etc., can REDOX reactions with many components in the wastewater, such as destroying the chromophores or chromophores of the colored substances in the colored wastewater, and even breaking the chain to achieve degradation and decolorization; The generated Fe2+ is further oxidized to Fe3 +, and their hydrates have strong adsorbation-flocculation activity, especially after adding alkali to adjust the pH value, ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide colloidal flocculants are formed, and their flocculation ability is much higher than that of ferric hydroxide colloidal hydrolyzed by general reagents. It can flocculate a large number of small particles, metal particles and organic macromolecules dispersed in the water. The process has the advantages of wide application range, good treatment effect, low cost, short treatment time, convenient operation and maintenance, low power consumption, and can be widely used in the pretreatment and advanced treatment of industrial wastewater. Application wastewater types: dye wastewater, coking wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, pesticide wastewater, resin wastewater, auxiliary wastewater, tannery wastewater, electroplating wastewater, papermaking wastewater, starch wastewater, garlic wastewater, landfill leachate and other industrial wastewater.

Anode: FE-2E →Fe2+ E (Fe/Fe2+) =0.44V

Cathode: 2H+ + 2e →H2 E(H+/ H2)=0.00V

When oxygen is present, the cathode reaction is as follows:

O2 + 4H+ + 4e → 2H2O E (O2)=1.23V

O2 + 2H2O + 4e → 4OH-E (O2/OH-) =0.41V

It is produced by multi-metal alloy fusion catalyst and high temperature microporous activation technology, which is a new type of non-plate micro-electrolytic filler. Acting on electroplating wastewater, COD can be effectively removed, chroma can be reduced, biodegradability can be improved, the treatment effect is stable and durable, and the phenomenon of filler passivation and hardening can be avoided during operation. The filler is an important guarantee for the continuous action of micro-electrolysis reaction, and brings new vitality to the current treatment of electroplating wastewater.

Mechanical treatment

Mechanical (level 1) treatment section includes grille, sand settling tank, initial settling tank and other structures, to remove coarse particles and suspended matter for the purpose of treatment, there are two methods, generally through the physical method to achieve solid-liquid separation, the separation of pollutants from the sewage, which is the universal sewage treatment method. Mechanical (primary) treatment is essential for all wastewater treatment processes (although some processes sometimes omit the primary sedimentation tank), and the typical removal rates of BOD5 and SS for municipal wastewater primary treatment are 25% and 50%, respectively. In biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal wastewater treatment plants, aerated sand sedimentation tanks are generally not recommended to avoid the removal of rapidly degrading organic matter. In the case that the water quality characteristics of the original sewage are not conducive to phosphorus and nitrogen removal, the setting of the initial sedimentation and the setting method should be carefully analyzed and considered according to the subsequent process of the water quality special injection, so as to ensure and improve the influent water quality of the subsequent process such as phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Another method is the application of chemical treatment, the application of flocculant will be used to flocculate the damaged metal precipitation.

Sewage biochemistry

Sewage biochemical treatment is A secondary treatment, to remove non-sinkable suspended matter and soluble biodegradable organic matter as the main purpose, its process composition is diverse, can be divided into activated sludge method, AB method, A/O method, A2/O method, SBR method, oxidation ditch method, stabilization pond method, land treatment method and other treatment methods. Most municipal sewage treatment plants have adopted the activated sludge process. The principle of biological treatment is to complete the decomposition of organic matter and the synthesis of biological organisms through biological action, especially the role of microorganisms, and transform organic pollutants into harmless gas products (CO2), liquid products (water) and solid products rich in organic matter (microbial communities or biological sludge); The excess biological sludge is separated by solid and liquid in the sedimentation tank and removed from the purified sewage.