Sewage treatment equipment

Oil determination:

When the coagulant aluminum sulfate is added to the water sample, the oil particles dispersed in the water will be condensed by the formed aluminum hydroxide. With the precipitation of aluminum hydroxide, the trace amount of oil in the water will also gather and precipitate, after acidification, the precipitation can be dissolved, and then through the extraction of organic solvents, the oil separated into the organic solvent, the organic solvent evaporates to dry, the residual is the oil in the water, and the oil content in the water can be obtained by weighing. This method uses carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) as an organic solvent, which can avoid combustion or explosion accidents during the evaporation process.

Positive penetration:

Positive osmosis - Searching for new technologies for water treatment and desalination

As a potential new technology for water purification and desalination, positive osmosis is being studied in the world from multiple angles and in deep level. Forward osmosis and reverse osmosis are a pair of reciprocal methods. In 1976, there was the original attempt of liquid-liquid system in foreign countries, and in 1992, the forward osmosis (non-pressurized) adsorption osmosis method for desalting of liquid-solid system was invented in China (CN92110710.2). It was not until about 10 years later that it followed the international trend again and began the standard model of imitation and replication, which was reviewed in 2008.

New ways to edit and broadcast

With the rapid development of science and technology, pressure driven reverse osmosis membrane separation technology (RO) has made great innovations and improvements in membrane, membrane assembly, equipment and process, but people are also increasingly aware of the limitations of RO technology in the field of energy saving and environmental protection, and in terms of desalination, RO technology can be considered to be close to the peak of development. Therefore, foreign countries have carried out the "forward osmotic membrane separation technology (FO)" related research, and achieved certain results, in the desalination, sewage treatment, food processing, medicine and other fields have been applied, especially "pressure delayed osmosis (FRO) seawater power generation", is a very promising clean renewable energy development technology J. However, there is little attention to forward osmosis membrane separation technology in China, and there are not many related studies and papers. Although, in the 1990s, China had a creative invention of "non-pressurized adsorption osmotic desalination" (CN92110710.2).

Forward osmosis separation technology has been used for a long time. Salt has long been used for long-term food storage because most bacteria, molds and pathogens die of dehydration or are temporarily inactive due to osmosis in high salt environments. Nowadays, people have begun to use forward osmosis membrane separation technology for seawater desalination, industrial wastewater treatment, garbage osmotic solution treatment and other research; The food industry uses forward osmosis membrane separation in the laboratory to concentrate beverages; Life support systems during emergency rescue use forward osmosis membrane separation technology to produce fresh water. With the development of materials science, forward osmosis technology has been applied to drug controlled release in human body.

osmoadsorption

(1990s)

Non-pressurized adsorption osmosis seawater desalination method, or known as "forward osmosis method", so that water through the porous membrane forward osmosis into a super absorbent or salt concentration even more than seawater solution or solid, do not require external pressure, but the special salt in the solution "extract" is easy to evaporate, do not need to add too much heat (heating energy and reverse osmosis pressure energy ratio?) . Divided into solid salt, liquid salt direction. Solid salt desorption requires less energy.

Desalination technology: non-pressurized adsorption infiltration desalination method (CN92110710.2) 1992: The invention of Deng Yu in the 1990s, American Chemical Abstracts included.

The other two methods have innovations and improvements in thin film structure:

nanofilm

A small hole using carbon nanotubes to make thin films, the carbon nanotube film of single-walled carbon nanotubes and multi-walled carbon nanotubes has a strength-to-weight ratio, an elastic modulus-weight ratio and a stiffness increase of 1.6 times, 1.4 times and 2.4 times, respectively, compared with the carbon nanotube composed of single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

Protein membrane

The pores of the film are made of proteins that guide water molecules through the membranes of living cells.

Algae treatment edited broadcast

Due to the increase of organic matter in the lake, algae will proliferate in sufficient oxygen-rich environment under suitable temperature and other conditions. Has become a major problem of water treatment

Algal property

Algae is a single-celled organism, which is easy to suspend on the surface of the lake because of its strong survival ability and strong branchability.

Treatment method

Combining the above properties of algae, oxygenated germicidal flotation has effectively solved this problem. By increasing the free oxygen atom, the cell wall of the algae is enlarged and destroyed, so that the algae lose the external resistance. Then, through flotation mechanism, inactive algae escape from the water surface.

Processing equipment:

Water treatment equipment by category can be divided into sewage treatment equipment, raw water treatment equipment, water purification equipment, filtration equipment these several categories. Like the following water treatment equipment: Automatic dosing equipment, automatic water softener, mechanical filter, reverse osmosis equipment, pure water equipment, ultra-pure water equipment, hollow fiber ultrafiltration device, ion exchange, mixing bed, polishing mixing bed, EDI electric desalt system device, factory drinking water equipment, bag filter, ozone sterilization device, Reigeng processor, all-effect integrated water processor, physical and chemical treatment unit, Physical and chemical integrated water processor, permanent magnet processor, swirl sander, quartz sand filter, activated carbon filter, precision filter, water tank self-cleaning sterilizer, ultraviolet water processor, high efficiency decontamination filter, hand brush filter, self-cleaning brush filter, radio frequency water filter, side flow processor, multi-functional electronic scaler, constant pressure water refill unit, Constant pressure water supply unit, no negative pressure frequency conversion water supply device, analytical deaerator, vacuum deaerator, low heat deaerator, closed condensate water recovery device, copper silver ion sterilizer, iron and manganese removal filtration equipment, yellow rust water filter, fiber bundle filter, high efficiency fiber ball filter, ceramic membrane filter, high efficiency chemical degreaser, swimming pool circulating water treatment equipment, Reverse osmosis pure water equipment, landscape water integrated water purifier, water treatment complete sets of equipment, industrial water treatment equipment, sewage treatment complete sets of equipment, are widely used in all walks of life in the domestic water treatment equipment.

Water softener

Principle and function of water softener: According to the principle of ion exchange, that is, Na+ exchange Mg2+Ca2+, so that the hardness of water is reduced to 70 mg/l below become soft water, the main function of this water treatment equipment is to remove water alkali, scale.

Advantages and disadvantages of water treatment equipment:

Advantages: remove scale, water alkali effect is good, while the flow is large, basically does not reduce water pressure. The water produced by the water treatment equipment of the water softener has strong cleaning ability, strong effect on laundry, shower, beauty and skin care; It also reduces energy consumption. At the same time, it also saves washing supplies and reduces housework intensity. The water produced by water treatment equipment is most suitable as domestic water.

Disadvantages: water softener water treatment equipment can not remove bacteria, viruses, organic matter, can not directly drink; Salt is consumed during regeneration; And produce a certain amount of wastewater.

Application areas of softened water: bathroom, kitchen, laundry, heating, boiler, central air conditioning equipment water supply, beauty and health care and other broad fields.

Water purifier

Principle and function of pure water machine: PP cotton, activated carbon and RO film and other filter elements, five or more levels of filtration, of which the core is RO film, RO film is currently the highest filtration accuracy of the filter element. The water produced is pure water and can be directly drunk.

Pure water machine water treatment equipment advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages: pure water machine water treatment equipment high filtration accuracy, suitable for a variety of water quality, purified water is pure water, good taste, does not contain any impurities.

Disadvantages: The water treatment equipment of pure water machine produces less water per day, which can only solve drinking and cooking; The service life of the first three filter elements is short, and the filter elements need to be replaced regularly; It is not suitable for long-term use as direct drinking water, especially for children and the elderly.

Water purifier

Ultrafiltration machine is the mainstream product in the water treatment equipment of water purifier, with high precision, good purification effect, long life of filter element, and can automatically clean the filter element.

Principle and function of water purifier: The use of 0.01 micron ultrafiltration membrane separation technology, can effectively remove water sediment, rust, suspended matter, colloids, bacteria, viruses, macromolecular organic matter and other harmful substances.

Advantages and disadvantages of water treatment equipment:

Advantages: high filtration accuracy of water treatment equipment; Purified water is close to mineral water and can be directly drinkable; Large flow; Long service life of filter element; Automatic cleaning filter element; No electricity needed; Don't waste water.

Disadvantages: The water treatment equipment of the water purifier removes scale, the water and alkali effect is poor, and it is suitable for areas with moderate hardness; A single ultrafilter can not completely remove the smell of the water, the water taste is poor; Core change is more troublesome, can not completely remove heavy metals in water.

Nanofiltration membrane machine

Nanofiltration membrane water treatment machine is a water treatment machine with nanofiltration membrane as the main component and slightly loose structure, similar to reverse osmosis membrane. Nanofiltration membrane is a charged membrane, which can carry out electrical adsorption, partially remove F ions with high electrical properties, etc., and has a nano level pore size, large molecules cannot pass through, free water molecules partly pass through, NaCl partly passes through, calcium ions, calcium ions, and so on. Less magnesium can pass through. The advantages of the above water treatment machine are included, and the secondary water treatment is avoided.

Device selection edit broadcast

One of the criteria: look at qualifications.

The Health Supervision Center of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China clearly issued: Measures for the supervision and administration of drinking water sanitation, of which article 21 clearly states:

Therefore, all products that do not have a health license issued by the Ministry of Health are "driving without a license" and are not protected by law.

Standard two: Look at the material.

Modern water renovation know to buy pipes, pipe fittings to buy good, after installation also play a pressure test water. Why? Afraid of running away. Fire and water are merciless, and this is a crucial thing.

Therefore, the second thing to look at when choosing water treatment equipment is the material of the tank.

Standard 3: Definite function.

Choose water treatment equipment to first clear their own purpose, first from the concept of ordinary water purification or softening water. Ordinary purified water is to remove sediment, impurities, bacteria, heavy metals, residual chlorine, organic matter, and some minerals from the water. Softened water is to remove calcium and magnesium ions in water, the most direct is to say scale.

Generally, softened water only needs to use cationic resin to complete ion exchange and remove calcium and magnesium ions. The softened water has the advantages of cleaning the skin, washing clothes soft and smooth, protecting the water heater and faucet, the shower is not blocked by scale, and the sink no longer has water stains. However, it should be noted that it is precisely because of the removal of calcium and magnesium in the water, long-term drinking of softened water will cause calcium and magnesium deficiency in the human body. Therefore, in addition to the water quality hardness to reach very hard and extremely hard standards, should use water softener as drinking water treatment equipment. It is a wise choice to use water softener as domestic water treatment equipment.

Ordinary purified water is different from softened water, and many different filter materials need to be used in order to achieve the predetermined purification requirements. Each filter material can play a different purification role, how to reasonably match the composition of the filter material is the key.