The development of the automobile industry

To a certain extent, new energy vehicles have proposed solutions to the energy supply problems of automobile development, while intelligent networked vehicles have proposed new solutions around improving traffic safety and efficiency. The technical part of this study will focus on a brief analysis of the core key technologies of new energy vehicles and intelligent networked vehicles.

1.The improvement of power battery life and type of innovation will become the key wordsPower battery life is an important indicator of the performance of new energy vehicles, and at present, China has carried out considerable optimization in the direction of energy density and electrode materials. Through the data statistics of the recommended model catalog for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles, it can be found that the current average density of the power battery of new energy vehicles has increased from 106.7Wh/kg in the first quarter of 2017 to 147.9Wh/kg in the fourth quarter of 2019. In terms of electrode materials for new energy vehicles, lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary batteries are the two main categories of new energy vehicles at present, of which lithium iron phosphate batteries have a lower energy density than ternary batteries, so ternary batteries are mostly used in passenger cars, while lithium iron phosphate batteries are mostly used in commercial vehicles with not particularly high energy density requirements. At the same time, with the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries in CTP, blade structure and other technological innovations is expected to increase, with the progress of thermal management technology, lithium iron phosphate power battery technology will continue to improve and popularize because of the cost advantage of lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium iron phosphate battery market share will be improved to a certain extent.

In terms of power battery type innovation, with the further research and commercialization of new battery technologies such as solid-state batteries, fuel cells, and silicon-based lithium-ion batteries, the level of power batteries will be further improved.

2. The technology of drive motor and motor controller emphasizes autonomous integration

At present, the overall independent supply level of driving motor in China is relatively high, but the development of motor controller is lagging behind, and it is necessary to make a breakthrough in autonomy. The lagging development of motor controller is mainly manifested in the high import dependence of IGBT power semiconductor, the core component of motor controller, and the market share of IGBT is mainly occupied by foreign enterprises such as Infineon, Mitsubishi, Fuji Electric, etc. Although domestic automotive IGBT manufacturers represented by BYD and CRRC Times have achieved important breakthroughs, However, the overall dependence on foreign countries is still high. In 2018, the import dependence of China's IGBT field is about 90%, and there is a risk of "stuck neck". How to improve the independent research and development and production capacity of IGBT is of great significance for improving the stability of China's new energy automobile industry chain.

Powertrain integration will become an important trend. The integration of the drive motor, motor controller and reducer can reduce the cost to a certain extent, but also make the car's power system more compact, smaller weight and volume, and more convenient for the layout of the internal structure of new energy vehicles. At present, the domestic new energy vehicle enterprises represented by BYD have achieved a certain degree of breakthrough.

3. The technology of intelligent connected vehicles is developing rapidly but is still immature

The car will gradually become an intelligent terminal from a means of transportation. This change will make the focus of the development of the automotive industry to the intelligent network field. In general, the key technologies of intelligent connected vehicles mainly involve the plate of intelligent connected vehicles perception system, decision system, execution system, V2X (vehicle networking technology).

The sensing system serves the information acquisition of intelligent networked vehicles. On-board cameras, millimeter-wave radar, Lidar, and high-precision maps provide prior information for intelligent connected cars, ensuring the acquisition of perceptual information for intelligent connected cars. High-level intelligent connected vehicles need centimeter-level high-precision positioning, and the integration of space-based technology and ground-based technology, as well as the integration of communication and navigation, will become the main development trend of high-precision positioning of future vehicles.

The decision-making system is based on information processing to make behavioral decisions of intelligent networked vehicles, which mainly includes intelligent vehicle intelligent computing platform, automotive operating system, automotive chip and algorithm. Automotive operating system, the current foreign countries have based on Windows CE, QNX, Linux, Android car version of the operating system, while Baidu, Ali, Huawei and other domestic Internet giants are also in the intelligent network car operating system. In terms of automotive chips, because intelligent connected vehicles need to process a large amount of data, the processing capacity of automotive chips is put forward higher requirements, and the on-board special AI chip will become the main force of chips required for intelligent connected vehicles.

The implementation system will be dominated by wire control technology, China's wire control system is still in the embryonic stage, intelligent connected vehicles, especially high-level autonomous vehicles need the rapid response of the control system, and convenient electronic control, so wire control technology has become the mainstream choice of driverless cars. At present, there is still a large gap between China's automobile wire control technology and the international advanced level, and domestic relevant institutions and enterprises are accelerating the process of automobile wire control technology research and development and industrialization.

In the choice of V2X technology path, C-V2X will become the first choice of China's technology. V2X mainly includes C-V2X and DSRC two technical paths, in simple terms, C-V2X is based on cellular network communication technology, DSRC is improved on the basis of Wi-Fi technology, based on the advantages of China's current 5G technology, 5G-V2X (C-V2X technology based on 5G network) may become the focus of China's future V2X technology.