Mine ecological protection and mine ecological restoration

Under the requirements of the current severe environmental protection situation, people are very concerned and attached importance to the ecological protection and ecological restoration of mines, and environmental protection has become a hot topic. However, in the green mine construction, there is also some hazy understanding of the policy that the ecological environmental protection work of the mine is mainly protected, and even the ecological protection and ecological restoration are often confused, which is not conducive to the development of various related work.

In the development of mineral resources in China, the problem of mine ecological environment is more prominent because of the historical debt for many years. The severe mine environmental situation forces the mining enterprises to improve their thinking and understanding in environmental protection work, change their ideas, and strengthen governance. Ideas guide action, and what ideas there are, there will be what actions.

One or two different concepts

All kinds of social production and life activities that people engage in often have different degrees of disturbance or influence on the natural ecological environment. Especially some development activities, such as water resources development, mineral resources development, tourism resources development, road traffic construction, urban construction, all kinds of infrastructure construction, etc., may have a serious impact on the ecological environment and even damage.

1. Ecological protection

Ecological protection refers to various prevention and control measures taken by people in various production and life activities, from thought to practice, in order to avoid or reduce the negative impact on the ecological environment as far as possible. For example, since the reform and opening up, the Party Central Committee and The State Council have attached great importance to the protection and construction of the ecological environment, adopted a series of strategic measures to increase the protection and construction of the ecological environment, and the ecological environment in some key areas has been effectively protected and improved. However, due to the relative shortage of per capita resources in China, the large regional differences, and the fragile ecological environment, the trend of ecological environment deterioration has not been effectively contained.

Mine ecological protection refers to the whole process of mineral resources development and production, through scientific means and various effective measures, such as green mining and green processing, comprehensive recycling and utilization of resources, energy conservation and emission reduction, treatment and utilization of three wastes, geological disaster monitoring and prevention, while fully exploiting and conserving resources, minimize the impact and damage to the ecological environment.

2. Ecological restoration

Ecological restoration refers to the evolution of the ecosystem in an orderly direction by relying on the self-regulation and self-organization ability of the ecosystem after the stop of human interference, or the use of the self-recovery ability of the ecosystem, supplemented by artificial measures, to gradually restore the damaged ecosystem or make the ecosystem develop in the direction of a virtuous cycle.

Ecological correction mainly refers to the restoration and reconstruction of natural ecosystems that have been destroyed under the influence of natural mutations and human activities, so as to restore the original appearance of the ecosystem, such as planting the felled forests and returning farmland to forests to allow animals to return to their original living environment. In this way, the ecosystem is better restored, which is called "ecological restoration".

The ecological restoration of mine mainly refers to the ecological restoration and comprehensive treatment of the closed mine after the stoppage of production. This kind of restoration is often supplemented by artificial measures to speed up the ecological restoration process or rebuild the new ecological environment while the ecosystem recovers itself.

Two, two different purposes

The problem of mine ecological environment varies from place to place and is more complicated. The purpose and method of treating and solving ecological and environmental problems are also different for mines in production and mine closures.

(1) The ecological environment of production mines shall be mainly protected

The mine in production is in a dynamic process, and with the progress of production activities, the ecological environment also changes differently. Some of this change is manageable, some inevitable. Therefore, in the whole process of production, how to solve the relationship between mineral resources development and ecological environmental protection is the main contradiction that needs to be properly solved in the construction of green mines. To this end, we must adhere to the policy of giving priority to conservation and protection. In other words, the development of mineral resources must ensure safety and environmental protection under the premise of reasonable mining, scientific mining, efficient mining, to achieve the coordination and unity of resource benefits, economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits.