Practice points of compliance management of mine project construction

1. Shortcomings of green mine construction

With the comprehensive promotion of green mine construction in our country, green mine construction work is more standardized, and the management process is becoming clear, but we should also clearly realize that there are still some shortcomings in green mine construction.

1. Low proportion of green mines built

At this stage, 953 mines included in the national green mine list, accounting for only about 1.5% of the total number of nearly 60,000 mines in the country, and mainly large and medium-sized mines. Although the existing green mines can play a certain demonstration role, the proportion of small and below mines in China still accounts for more than 80%, and the equipment and technology of small mines are generally backward, the comprehensive utilization level of mineral resources is low, and the task of green mine construction is still difficult.

2. The initiative of enterprises is not high

Some mining enterprises, especially small mines, old mines and mines with poor operating efficiency, think that the construction period of green mines is long and the investment is large, pay more attention to the immediate economic benefits, and carry out the enthusiasm and initiative of green mine construction is insufficient. Although some mining enterprises are forced by the current pressure of ecological environment protection, in the mining area greening, factory closure, dust suppression and other aspects of some work, but mostly pay attention to the appearance and ignore the inner.

3. The evaluation standard system is not sound enough

Although the Ministry of Natural Resources has issued nine national green mine construction industry specifications, there is still a lack of mining industry specifications such as geothermal mineral water, unconventional oil and gas, and radioactive minerals, and the current industry and local standards are recommended standards, and the nature of non-enforcement limits the function of standards and specifications. Meanwhile, there are more qualitative indicators in the current standards, but fewer quantitative indicators. It is also not conducive to its role. There is still a big gap between the number and level of existing standards and the goal of the green mine standard system that is fully covered by the major industries and is coordinated with national, industry, local and group standards. In addition, the corresponding evaluation index system still needs further research and improvement.

4. Lack of incentive support policies

Although No. 4 civilization has confirmed the supporting incentive policy framework for green mine construction in four aspects, including construction land, mineral resources, finance and taxation, and pointed out the direction for all localities to support green mine construction, only some provinces (regions and cities) have detailed and implemented some incentive policies. Some provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have copied the incentive support policies proposed in the construction plans or planning and other documents, and failed to develop supporting policies and measures that meet the local reality, which is not conducive to the implementation of incentive support policies.

5. The department coordination mechanism is weak

Although Document No. 4 was jointly issued by six ministries, including the former Ministry of Land and Resources, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Finance, and involved multiple functional departments such as natural resources, ecological environment, emergency management, finance and taxation in the actual promotion of green mine construction work, different departments have different management contents and standard requirements for mine production and operation. It failed to form a coordinated working mechanism of departments to effectively promote the construction of green mines and promote the green development of mining.

6. Low social cognitive participation

The social awareness and attention of green mine construction are mostly concentrated in the relevant researchers and managers in the field of natural resources, and there is a lack of influential network platforms or media for the green development of mining at this stage. At the same time, the social supervision system of green mine construction and the punishment mechanism of enterprise dishonesty are not perfect, and it is impossible to form effective social supervision of green mine construction of mining enterprises.

4 Suggestions for green mine construction

The smooth promotion of green mine construction needs the active guidance and support of management departments and the initiative of mining enterprises. This paper puts forward some suggestions to mining enterprises and management departments respectively.

2 Some suggestions for mining enterprises

2.1 Adapt to the new situation and new requirements, improve the enthusiasm and initiative

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of green mines has become an inevitable choice for the practice of ecological civilization in the mining field. Managers of mining enterprises should fully realize the importance and necessity of green development, take the initiative to change the concept of blindly pursuing simple economic benefits, adapt to the national green development and high-quality development requirements, and actively carry out green mine construction. The construction of green mines is not only conducive to the sustainable development of mining enterprises, but also can reduce costs in all aspects. For example, improving the mechanization and automation rate can reduce the threat to the safety of miners' lives and property and reduce labor costs; Carrying out ecological restoration and management in mining areas and paying attention to the harmony of mining communities can not only improve the lives of surrounding residents and enhance the overall welfare of the society, but also reduce the conflicts between mining and community residents and the potential coordination costs. Taking the initiative to carry out green mine construction can effectively reduce the risk of government regulation, avoid environmental penalties, and reduce legal costs. In addition, after the mining enterprises were included in the national green Mine List, they were announced to the society, which was also an advertisement for mining enterprises from the policy.

2.2 Carry out self-assessment against standards to find their own shortcomings

Since the 2019 green mine selection work was carried out, nine green mine construction industry standards and local construction standards have been widely publicized, timely interpreted and effectively applied, and the Ministry of Natural Resources and some provinces (regions and municipalities) have elaborated evaluation indicators or evaluation methods. Mining enterprises can take the initiative to compare the requirements of the standard, carry out self-assessment of their own mining environment, resource development mode, comprehensive utilization of resources, energy conservation and emission reduction, scientific and technological innovation and digital mining, enterprise management and corporate image, sort out and classify the deficiencies and problems found, and comprehensively evaluate the improvement or transformation costs combined with the actual economic benefits. Weak links and key problems will be incorporated into the annual work plan of mining enterprises, and difficult problems will be gradually solved into the medium and long-term development plan of enterprises.

2.3 Understand regional policy requirements and make construction plans

Although the current industry and local standards are recommended standards, some provinces (regions, cities) have formulated relevant documents and regulations to clearly promote the construction of green mines. For example, the "Notice of Guangdong Provincial Department of Natural Resources on the construction of green mines in 2020" requires all parts of the province to establish a non-standard mine withdrawal mechanism; The three-year Action Plan for Green Mine Construction in Hunan Province (2020-2022) clearly requires that all production mines in the province meet provincial green mine standards by the end of 2022; The "Opinions of the General Office of the Shandong Provincial People's Government on Further Strengthening the Development and Management of mountain and stone Resources" clearly requires that the new mountain and stone resource mining mines must meet the standard requirements, and the existing mines will all be built into green mines by the end of 2020. Mining enterprises should formulate construction plans in a timely manner in accordance with the requirements of the green mine construction process in the region where they are located, combined with their own construction foundation, and in accordance with the requirements of industry or local standards, clarify specific work measures and progress arrangements, and avoid being shut down by policy.

3. Some suggestions for management

3.1 Clarify the requirements for green development in mineral resources laws, regulations and planning

It is suggested that in the process of amending the Mineral Resources Law and supporting regulations, the requirements for green mining development should be clarified, so that the construction of green mines can be followed by laws. All localities can explore and formulate local laws and regulations normative documents in light of the actual situation to promote the construction of green mines. In the new round of national mineral resources planning and other national special planning and provincial planning, increase the relevant target requirements for green development of mining.

3.2 Four levels of joint creation, combined with local actual detailed incentive support policies

The state, province, city and county should introduce corresponding policies and measures according to the objectives of green mining development and green mine construction at all levels, combined with actual problems and problems, establish special funds for green mining development, and improve and refine the implementation of incentive support policies. Mining enterprises that have been included in the national Green Mine list shall be given necessary incentives in a timely manner, and their related mining land and resource allocation needs shall be given priority.

3.3 Improve the standard system and establish and improve the evaluation index system

It is suggested to expand the coverage of the standard, continue to develop the green mine construction requirements or norms for the mining industry such as geothermal mineral water, unconventional oil and gas, and radioactive minerals, accelerate the development of national standards, and do a good job of connecting with international standardization, so as to enhance the international influence of China's green mine construction standards. Track and evaluate the implementation of green mine construction standards in 9 industries, revise and improve the content of the standards in a timely manner, and gradually establish a supporting quantifiable and operational evaluation index system.

3.4 Accelerate the construction of green mining development demonstration zones

It is recommended to carry out the construction of green mining development demonstration zones in areas with high local government enthusiasm, relatively concentrated mine distribution and good green mine construction foundation. Give full play to the guiding role of the government, strengthen the publicity of advanced experience and typical practices with outstanding results, improve the main responsibility awareness of regional mining enterprises with points and areas, and gradually achieve full coverage of regional green mines.

3.5 Strengthen the horizontal coordination and vertical linkage mechanism

With the No. 4 document jointly issued by the six ministries and commissions and the work programs or plans issued by various local government departments as the starting point, the competent departments of natural resources at all levels should strengthen the coordination and linkage with the departments of ecological environment, development and reform, finance and taxation, and study and implement incentive policies and measures in finance and taxation. Continue to strengthen the four-level linkage working mechanism, implement and decompose the requirements for green mining development from top to bottom, and ensure the steady progress of green mine construction.

3.6 Actively innovate the means of control and restraint

Build a social supervision system composed of the government, enterprises, the public and social organizations, improve the information disclosure system of mining enterprises, and urge mining enterprises to be honest and trustworthy to fulfill their responsibilities. Innovative supervision methods, with the help of drones, remote sensing images, etc., to increase the supervision and management of existing green mines. Strengthen the supervision of third-party evaluation institutions for green mine construction, ensure the quality of green mine construction, and avoid increasing the burden on enterprises.