How to build a dynamic remote sensing monitoring system for mineral resources

In order to thoroughly implement the General Secretary's thought of ecological civilization, firmly establish the development concept that clear water and green mountains are gold hills and silver mountains, and correctly handle the relationship between mineral resources development and ecological protection. Focusing on the needs of natural resources management and targeting the whole region or special topic, the monitoring network has been established to carry out remote sensing dynamic monitoring of mineral resources, and a unified survey and monitoring system for mine resources has been constructed through the integration of big data technology in space and space, forming a complete three-dimensional spatio-temporal model of natural resources supporting production, life and ecology. It effectively solves the problems of traditional field survey, such as difficult work, long monitoring period, difficult to see all geographical information, and impossible to accurately determine the work boundary.

I. Mine air-space integrated monitoring program

Through the establishment of satellite data sharing remote sensing thematic mapping, Beidou high-precision location service, UAV and Internet of Things key area observation, comprehensive use of satellite remote sensing, geographic information system, big data and other technologies to obtain the following spot data and change information, To achieve regular monitoring (high frequency), mine production status (high resolution), restoration and governance progress (artificial governance area, governance mode, governance effectiveness, etc.). Through this service to provide data support for leadership decision-making, office supervision. Main monitoring contents: 1. Damage to land and other ecological environment caused by open-pit mine development and utilization; 2. Restoration and treatment of abandoned mines left over from history; 3, and all kinds of special actions involving suspected violations of laws and regulations in mines. The damaged land pattern can be divided into six categories according to the nature of damage: (1) open pit; (2) transit site; (3) Solid waste dump; (4) Mine construction; (5) Restoration of governance; (6) Other types.

2. Comprehensive remote sensing identification and monitoring of major geological hazards to serve geological safety.

Focusing on the implementation of the Three-year Action Plan for Geological Disaster Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the construction of major geological disaster hidden danger identification technology and methods supported by high-resolution satellite remote sensing, InSAR, aerial photography, airborne Lidar and other observation methods. High-resolution remote sensing images and high-precision DEM are used to reveal potential geometric "shape" characteristics, InSAR monitoring is used to obtain slope surface "deformation" information, and long-term deformation data, disaster background, threat objects and other comprehensive analysis are used to evaluate deformation activity trend and disaster causing "situation", so as to realize early identification, discovery and confirmation of major geological hazards.

3. Monitoring of ecological restoration in open-pit mines

Using high-resolution satellite images, combined with the third national land survey and geographical monitoring data, the progress of ecological restoration in open-pit mines was determined. The three dimensional model of open pit mine is established, the special monitoring database is formed, and the improvement effect of open pit mine is displayed in an all-round and three-dimensional way. At the same time, timely monitoring and statistical analysis and evaluation of mining activities and ecological restoration in mining areas are carried out to provide data support for the supervision and supervision of mineral resources by relevant departments. Establish and improve mineral law enforcement ledger, mine ecological restoration ledger, and implement the concept of "according to law and regulations" and "strictly up" into all links.

4. Dynamic monitoring of suspected illegal behaviors in mining areas

Based on the advantages of multi-source high-resolution satellite data, through image comparison and analysis, field verification and other means, dynamic monitoring of illegal activities such as cross-border, cross-layer, over-quantity, over-date, illegal mining, and leakage of mineral resources in the jurisdiction area is carried out. Build a natural resources "sky look" monitoring and management system, and build a database and manage suspected illegal map spots. Establish a working mechanism of "one month monitoring and one month reporting". The platform monitors the damage to land and other ecological environments caused by the development and utilization of open-pit mines and the restoration and treatment of abandoned mines left over from history, providing objective facts and data support for the formulation and implementation of policies, programs and actions of relevant departments, and laying a method and technology foundation for the development and promotion of remote sensing monitoring and supervision of key mining areas in the country.

Fifth, the role and significance of construction

The construction of the dynamic remote sensing monitoring and supervision platform for mineral resources mainly implements regular remote sensing monitoring for open-pit mines, production mines and historical mines, and monitors and supervises three types of problems suspected of violating laws and regulations, suspected of not mining according to the development and utilization plan, and suspected of not carrying out mine geological environment restoration and management. Effectively assist the Ministry of Natural Resources to systematically plan the application of sky and sky data among industries, promote key work such as comprehensive remediation of open-pit mines, out-of-scope mining, and green mine construction, promote macro decision-making of the natural resources department, promote the protection and rational utilization of mining resources, and effectively assist the management part to supervise and regulate mining resources mining activities. Improve the effectiveness of regional spatial geographic information development and utilization, and effectively protect the rational development and utilization of mining resources.