The deep-seated problems existing in China's shipbuilding industry at present

(4) The level of refinement of internal management needs to be improved

With the increasingly fierce international competition, the internal management level of shipbuilding industry needs to be improved. Since the international financial crisis, the economic benefits of China's shipping enterprises have declined significantly year-on-year. In addition to the impact of external environment, facing the changes in market competition, the internal management ability of shipping enterprises is also the main reason for the decline in profits. Although the backbone enterprises have achieved good results in cost reduction and efficiency improvement, some enterprises are still difficult to effectively reduce research and development, manufacturing and labor costs; It is difficult to strictly implement the production plan and improve management efficiency; It is difficult to improve product quality from design, process, procurement and other aspects to reduce internal and external quality risks; The lack of financial risk control ability of some shipping enterprises has led to a serious problem of total capital gap, high financing costs, significant increase in advance funds, and increasingly tight cash flow. In the current fierce market competition, the structural adjustment and transformation and upgrading of the shipbuilding industry has become the consensus of the industry, and the internal fine management level of the shipbuilding enterprise needs to be rapidly improved.

Four, China's shipbuilding industry 70 years of development experience and inspiration

Reviewing the development process and brilliant achievements of China's shipbuilding industry in the past 70 years since the founding of New China from scratch, from small to large, from weak to strong, it is necessary to stand at a new historical starting point and objectively and systematically summarize the basic development experience of the shipbuilding industry in the past 70 years, in order to provide reference and lay the foundation for the high-quality development of the shipbuilding industry from large to strong.

(1) Must conform to the objective laws of industrial development

The objective law of the gradient transfer of the world shipbuilding industry shows that with the development of international trade and the world economy, the world shipbuilding center has experienced many historical processes from the first industrial countries to the later industrial countries. Before the 1950s, the world shipbuilding center was in Europe; With the rise of the Japanese shipbuilding industry in the 1950s and the gradual rise of the Korean shipbuilding industry in the 1970s, East Asia became the world shipbuilding center. The transfer and alternation of the world shipbuilding kingdom also showed a law of doubling and decreasing cycles: Britain occupied the world shipbuilding supremacy for about 100 years; Japan has maintained the status of the world's shipbuilding power for nearly 50 years, and the cycle has been shortened by half; South Korea has been a shipbuilding power in the world for about 25 years, and the period has been shortened by half (Yin Qing et al., 2018). Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, China's shipbuilding industry from closed to open, seized the world shipbuilding industry gradient transfer of the historical opportunity, thus established China's current world shipbuilding power historical status. At present, the competitive pattern of the world shipbuilding industry generally shows a three-pillar, Europe gradually declining trend, compared with Japan and South Korea and other countries shipbuilding industry, China's domestic market demand potential is huge, with "although not guaranteed to win, but certainly will not lose" confidence. As long as we comply with the objective laws of the development of the world shipbuilding industry, maintain strategic focus and development patience, adhere to the correct development direction of the shipbuilding industry, and actively respond to the inevitable stage problems and challenges in the development and growth of China's shipbuilding industry, China's shipbuilding industry will be able to achieve high-quality development to complete the historical leap of "big to strong".

(2) We must pursue high-quality development with innovation as the first driving force

The 70 years of development of the shipbuilding industry shows that scientific and technological innovation is a long-term strategic task, and it is not just a temporary move to deal with crisis or the pressure of survival. The whole industry must realize that only through continuous innovation, China's shipbuilding industry can achieve long-term development in the fierce international competition. The development direction of the shipbuilding industry must be changed from the extensive development that mainly relies on the input of production factors and relies on low labor costs to the intensive development mode driven by technological innovation, focusing on quality and brand, efficiency and benefit. Only by establishing a long-term innovation-driven mechanism, enhancing the independent innovation ability of the shipbuilding industry, and improving the management level and production efficiency, can the high-quality development of the shipbuilding industry be achieved. Ship enterprises should actively play the core role of innovation, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, management innovation, business model innovation, the government should play the role of policy support and guidance and promotion, and jointly explore new roads and new models suitable for the revitalization of China's ship industry. We should further improve the innovation research and development system and mechanism, and promote industrial restructuring and transformation of development mode through independent innovation. We will further strengthen research on basic generic technologies and cutting-edge technologies, strengthen the foundation for innovation, enhance technology reserves, and build original innovation capabilities. Make use of domestic engineering technology research centers, engineering laboratories and other innovation platforms to improve the industrial technology innovation system; Use the public service platform to enhance the research and development ability of industrial basic common technology, and improve the industrial technology basic system; Vigorously carry out research and development of new technologies in energy saving, emission reduction, low-carbon and environmental protection, and develop environmentally friendly green ships to lead the market demand; Implement major innovation projects, realize the combination of production, university, research and application, and solve technical problems in related fields.