Green mine construction status and existing problems and countermeasures

2, the level of green mine construction needs to be improved

At present, 1,254 mines included in the national green mine list, accounting for only about 2.1% of the total number of mines in the country, and mainly large and medium-sized mines, but the proportion of small and below mines in China accounted for more than 80%, the green mine construction task is still difficult. Taking coal mines as an example, at present, the number of green coal mines created in China is relatively small, and the mines included in the national green mine list account for only 1.5%, and the proportion of green mines built needs to be improved.

3. Uneven regional development of green mine construction layout

The western region is an important development zone for the distribution of energy and mineral resources in China, but among the 661 national green mine pilots, the western region only accounts for less than 36%. Of the 57 coal enterprises' green mines, only about 25.5% are in the west.

Third, countermeasures and suggestions

1. Strengthen the systematic thinking of green mine construction

First, the construction of green mines should be coordinated by multiple departments in the horizontal management and organization.

Mine construction involves the planning scheme of 3 departments and 5 divisions:

(1) The Department of Mineral Rights Management of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the associations of various mineral species are responsible for the review of mine development and utilization plans;

(2) The Department of Territorial and Spatial Ecological Restoration of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the provincial departments of Natural Resources, responsible for the review of land reclamation and mine geological environment protection and management restoration programs;

(3) The Department of Geological Exploration Management of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the departments of Natural resources of each province, responsible for geological disaster investigation, exploration design, evaluation, management and supervision;

(4) The Environmental Impact Assessment Department of the Ministry of Ecological Environment and the ecological environment departments of each province are responsible for the review of the environmental impact assessment reports of mining area planning and projects;

(5) The Department of Soil and Water Conservation of the Ministry of Water Resources and the provincial departments are responsible for the review of soil and water conservation programs.

Second, the construction of green mines should further improve the joint creation mechanism at the national, provincial, city and county levels in the vertical aspect, and decompose and implement the policies, standards and mechanisms from top to bottom.

Third, the green mine construction and green mining development should take the river basin as the implementation unit and be guided by the systematic concept. Because a river basin not only involves all kinds of mining problems, but also agricultural surface pollution, industrial spot pollution, black and smelly water bodies in urban and rural areas, polluted river wetlands, etc., it is necessary to use the concept of large-scale system engineering, closely combined with the overall planning of local social and economic development, watershed territorial spatial planning, ecological environment planning and disaster prevention and reduction planning, and make full use of natural geographical conditions. According to local conditions, integrated management of "mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand" will be carried out in the region, and integrated planning and construction of "mineral-agriculture-urban complex" will be strengthened.

The fourth is to build a social supervision system composed of the government, enterprises, the public, associations and other parties, and improve the information disclosure mechanism of green mining enterprises.

2. Release policy potential, encourage mining enterprises to adhere to innovation-driven and increase investment in science and technology, and improve the endogenous power of enterprises to build green mines

First, for the mining enterprises that have been included in the national green mine list, it is proposed to give necessary supporting incentive policies to give priority to meeting their related mining land, resource allocation, capacity conversion, capacity release, financial support, tax incentives, listing financing, issuing green mine bonds, realizing the value of green mine ecological products, carbon peak carbon neutrality and other needs.

The second is to use the economic benefit evaluation method and model of green mine construction, according to the economic benefit calculation results of the new technology adopted in green mine construction, quantitative evaluation of the economic effect and ecological environmental benefit obtained by green mine construction, and encourage mining enterprises to take the initiative to build green mines.

3. Improve the legal system and normative system of green mine construction, improve the dynamic management mechanism of green mine list, and build a third-party evaluation and supervision mechanism