Green mine construction status and existing problems and countermeasures

First, construction status

Mining engineering activities, including coal, have played a huge role in ensuring China's economic and social progress and improving people's living standards, especially in the past 40 years of reform and development, especially in the western region, more than 80% of the GDP of many provinces are contributed by mining engineering activities. However, due to many reasons, mining engineering activities have created great wealth for our country, but also caused serious problems of mine ecological environment. These problems mainly include five types: "three wastes" discharge, ground deformation, aquifer structure damage caused by mining induced water discharge (sudden), water supply, ecological and environmental protection contradictions, desertification and soil erosion; In addition, there are also problems in mining area construction planning and design, mining operation management, mining enterprise culture and credit system construction, mining area and mining area harmony. Therefore, in order to build an upgraded version of China's main energy coal industry, it is necessary to walk out of the green road of efficient development of mineral resources, including coal, and coordinated development of the ecological environment through green mine construction and green mining development.

The concrete evaluation index of green mine construction mainly includes six aspects: mining environment, resource development mode, comprehensive utilization of resources, energy saving and emission reduction, scientific and technological innovation and enterprise construction.

Up to now, after enterprise self-assessment, third-party assessment, provincial verification and recommendation, in addition to Beijing and Shanghai, a total of 1,254 mining enterprises in 29 provinces (municipalities and districts) have been selected into the national Green Mine List database, accounting for about 2.1% of the total number of mines in the country. The level of green mines in different regions varies greatly, with the highest proportion of green mines in Jiangsu Province (12.3%) and the lowest in Tianjin City (0.3%).

Among the 1254 green mining enterprises, there are 284 green coal mines. Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shandong and other provinces and cities, as important coal energy bases in China, have made an important example in the construction of national green mines.

In addition, on December 11, 2020, the Ministry of Natural Resources announced for the first time a list of 50 green mining development demonstration zones. It indicates that China has gradually moved from the point-like green mine construction to the face-like green mining development demonstration area.

In general, China's green mine construction and green mining development after more than ten years of efforts, from "pilot exploration" to "comprehensive promotion", from "single point mine" to "surface demonstration zone" has achieved remarkable results, its performance:

First, green mine construction, as a starting point for the construction of ecological civilization in the mining field, has been promoted as an important work by most provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) people's governments, and its concept and method have been accepted by the majority of mining enterprises, basically forming a new pattern of green mine construction in the country;

Second, the green mine construction work system of national, provincial, city and county level joint creation, enterprise construction, third-party evaluation and social supervision has been initially established;

Third, under the premise that the overall level of mine construction in the country is not high, green mine construction has set up a number of models for the country and played a leading role in transforming the mining development mode, promoting the ecological environment of mining areas, scientific mining methods, efficient utilization of resources, standardized enterprise management and harmonious mining communities.

2. Existing problems

However, in the process of green mine construction practice, we also found some areas that need to be improved and perfected, the specific problems are as follows:

1, the enterprise has a deviation in the understanding of the connotation of green mine, and the motivation to create is insufficient

Limited to the industry's promotion and training of green mines is not in place, many people's understanding of green mines has a certain bias, mainly reflected in:

First, some localities and enterprises are only forced by the current ecological environmental protection pressure, do not recognize the deep-seated problems of resource exploitation;

Second, the green mine is considered as a "high input, high cost" mine, which indirectly leads to the promotion of green mine is limited;

Third, some localities and enterprises regard the title of green mine as a shield for ecological environmental protection supervision, paying more attention to "creation", thinking less about "construction", and lacking long-term planning.