Basic knowledge of open pit mining

5. The horizontal promotion and deepening of the steps should be closely coordinated. It is necessary to open up the new level in time to ensure the connection of mining and ore reserves, and in the process of expansion, it is necessary to comply with the predetermined mine engineering development procedures.

6. For phased mining mines, the relationship between staging and transition should be handled well, and the connection of transitional projects and the stability of output should be ensured.

Mining design requirements and preventive measures

1. Basic Principles and guiding ideology of design:

(1) Implement the guiding ideology of "people-oriented";

(2) Implement the safety production policy of "safety first, prevention first";

(3) The selection of low energy consumption, high efficiency, safe and reliable, easy to operate and maintain equipment;

(4) Select reasonable mining technology and development transportation plan, and strive to be technically reliable and economically reasonable, so as to avoid harm caused by environmental factors while developing and utilizing mineral resources.

Second, the main content of the design includes the production system and the auxiliary system, which is mainly divided into the following three parts:

(1) Mining:

Determination of open pit mining limits;

Determination of development mode and mining method;

Selection of production process;

Approval and selection of production equipment capacity (excluding ore processing and external transportation equipment and facilities).

(2) Auxiliary system:

Mining area general map transportation;

Mine power supply, machine repair, water supply and drainage, heating;

Construction of mines, production and living facilities;

Safety and industrial hygiene;

Environmental protection in mining area.

(3) Estimates of investment and enterprise economic benefits.

According to the existing data and the current situation of mining, after consultation with the owner, this design only makes a complete design of mining engineering, and only makes a preliminary estimate of auxiliary facilities (mechanical repair, auto repair, electrical repair, water supply, power supply, external transportation and communication of stope) and living welfare facilities. The owner carries out relevant technical transformation according to the comparison design of original facilities to meet the design requirements. In this design, only the budget estimate is included in the total investment for financial evaluation and economic analysis.

Iii. Preventive measures in design:

➤ Goaf treatment method

For limestone mines, after the closure of the pit, planting trees or refarming after soil covering.

➤ Measures to ensure the final slope stability and prevent slope collapse in open pit mines

(1) Mining shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant design parameters, and the safety platform shall be set up in time.

(2) For the blasting near the final boundary, controlled blasting is adopted to maintain the integrity of the rock mass and the stability of the boundary.