Challenges and countermeasures of high-quality development of nuclear energy under the background of "dual carbon"

(3) There is an urgent need for breakthrough thinking and new types of research in response to major changes in development

With the implementation and promotion of the "two-carbon" strategic goal, nuclear power will benefit from the advantages of clean and low-carbon in the short term, but with the development of other clean energy technologies, the low-carbon advantages of nuclear energy in the past will be weakened or even gradually disappear, and the conventional power system and conventional energy system facing the external will gradually transform into a new power system, a new energy system and its higher safety and efficiency requirements. Therefore, the simple rolling development model of power projects in the past and the pursuit of stable output as the base load of the grid will be comprehensively challenged and face more problems. How to timely and effectively adjust the thinking mode and demands of China's nuclear energy development, adapt to and promote nuclear energy to become an organic part of the new power system, especially the new energy system or an important cornerstone, explore the formation of a new model of development with a high proportion of new energy and even integrated development, and the front and back end capacity building brought about by the positive, safe and orderly development of nuclear energy, etc. It should become an important direction of future nuclear energy research and development, so as to help the nuclear energy industry adapt to the increasing scale of development and the requirements of new development situations.

Fourth, countermeasures and suggestions for the high-quality development of China's nuclear energy industry under the goal of "dual carbon"

(1) Improve the legal system and expand the role and positioning of nuclear energy in China's future energy system

In the future, China's nuclear energy development should be fully combined with the development trend of energy supply and economic security needs and other research results, and further improve the relevant laws and regulations system, not only to ease the sustainable development of nuclear power and early development of various aspects of the pressure, but also actively expand the role and positioning of nuclear energy in the future of China's energy system. The nuclear power industry can, through effective ways such as "steady development of the existing scale and orderly growth of the subsequent scale", make nuclear power an important basic support for China's new power system, so as to play a more important role in helping the power system cope with extreme climate challenges and ensure the safe supply of electricity. On the basis of actively realizing the safe and stable operation of existing nuclear power units, through the construction of a number of comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy projects or technological transformation, gradually promote the expansion and diversification of the allocation of nuclear energy development resources, so as to promote nuclear energy to play a more important role in the new energy system.

(2) Continue to consolidate the advantages of nuclear energy in the fields of safe, efficient and innovative energy

With the more widespread application of clean energy in the future, the safe, efficient and innovative requirements of nuclear energy in addition to clean and low-carbon will be further strengthened. The nuclear energy industry should always be soberly aware that "nuclear safety is the lifeline of the nuclear energy industry", "efficiency is the survival line of the nuclear energy industry" and "innovation is the development line of the nuclear energy industry". In the future development of China's nuclear energy, we will adopt a variety of effective targeted policies, measures or activities to consolidate the safety, efficiency and innovation achievements achieved in the field of nuclear energy, and further develop and improve in new fields such as the construction and comprehensive utilization of future nuclear power projects. In the future, such as nuclear power network security, information data security, digital collaboration with a high proportion of new energy, and intelligent matching with the development of external new power systems can be taken as industry-specific activities to ensure that the safety, efficiency and innovation of nuclear energy can be continuously guaranteed in the future inherent nuclear power field and the expanded technical application field.

Safety, as the lifeline of the nuclear energy industry, should be given priority in the development of the whole industry. The nuclear energy industry should always take nuclear safety as an important work to carry out comprehensive control, through comprehensive supervision to find possible safety problems, potential risks, signs of loosening of safety culture, etc., and carry out regular universal and irregular special safety activities. At the same time, we will actively study and explore new ideas and methods for public publicity, improve and strengthen the acceptance of nuclear energy by the public, and establish the image of nuclear energy in the public's mind as a safe, efficient and innovative development.