Development and utilization are increasingly specialized and large-scale

First, biomass power generation methods

1, direct combustion power generation

In China, direct combustion power generation technology has been perfected, and a single machine can reach 15MW. Since China's biomass energy is mainly based on straw and other crops as materials, most of the domestic biomass burning technology is based on straw burning technology. Straw direct combustion power generation technology is to put crop raw materials (such as straw, etc.) into the boiler through the conveying system, and directly burn in the furnace to produce a lot of heat, and the generated high temperature and high pressure steam expands in the turbine to do work, driving the generator to generate electricity.

2, mixed combustion power generation

The technology of mixing biomass raw materials with coal as fuel for power generation is called biomass mixed combustion power generation technology. There are two main combustion methods: one method has high requirements for fuel processing and combustion equipment, which is to directly mix biomass raw materials with coal and put it into the furnace for combustion; the other is to gasify biomass raw materials first, and send the steam generated by the mixed combustion of gas and coal into the turbine generator set.

3, gasification power generation

The technology of converting the biomass raw material into gas fuel after the gasifier is purified and burned directly in the gas engine to generate electricity or in the fuel cell is called biomass gasification power generation technology.

Second, biomass power generation status

Biological intelligence has various forms and wide applications, covering many fields such as power, heat, transportation, and construction. Biomass is an important part of the system, and the International Energy Agency proposed in 2018 that biomass is the neglected "giant" of renewable energy, and biomass will lead the growth of renewable energy consumption in the next five years.

According to IRENA's newly released RENEWABLE CACITY STATISTICS 2020, global installed renewable energy capacity reached 25,537 GW in 2019, an increase of 176 GW over 2018. Among them, the global biomass power generation capacity reached 124GW, accounting for about 4.9% of the entire renewable energy power generation capacity.

China's biomass power generation industry has now entered a period of capacity expansion, and the profit model is replicable. Data from the China Energy Administration show that China's cumulative installed capacity of biomass power generation rose rapidly from 10.3 million kilowatts in 2015 to 29.52 million kilowatts in 2020, and by the first quarter of 2021, China's cumulative installed capacity of biomass power generation increased to 31.49 million kilowatts. The growth of cumulative installed capacity of biomass power generation is mainly due to a number of industry supporting policies issued by the government to provide strong support for the development of biomass power generation. Secondly, the rising technological maturity of biomass power generation has promoted the expansion and construction of biomass power plants.

In the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Biomass Energy Development" issued by the China Energy Administration, it is pointed out that by 2015, the annual power generation of biomass will reach 78 billion kilowatts. As of 2015, China's annual biomass power generation is about 52 billion kilowatts, and has not completed the goal set by the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". On the contrary, in 2017, China's biomass power generation was about 79.5 billion kilowatts, which is about to complete the goals proposed by the China Energy Bureau in the "13th Five-Year Plan" for biomass energy development ahead of schedule. By 2020, China's biomass power generation will reach 132.6 billion kilowatts.

In 2020, the top five provinces in China's annual biomass power generation are Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, with 16.64 billion KWH, 15.89 billion KWH, 12.55 billion KWH, 11.14 billion KWH and 11.07 billion KWH, respectively.

Third, biomass power generation industry demand analysis

According to the data of the China Energy Administration, China's electricity consumption demand is large, and the electricity consumption of the whole society will increase from 5,523.33 billion KWH in 2014 to 7,511 billion KWH in 2020. In 2020, although affected by the epidemic, social electricity consumption still maintains growth. From January to April 2021, the entire society consumes 2,558.1 billion KWH of electricity. The strong demand for electricity will directly drive the development of the entire energy industry, biomass power generation industry as an emerging area of the energy industry, the increase in downstream power demand will also drive the development of midstream enterprises.

China's population growth and the pace of urban-rural integration continue to accelerate, and the urban population is gradually concentrated. With the rapid expansion of urban population, the amount of urban garbage is unprecedented, but the urban land resources are limited, and the garbage disposal capacity is insufficient, resulting in the phenomenon of "garbage besieged city" more and more serious. According to the data of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2010, the volume of urban solid waste in China has increased year by year, and in 2019, the production of solid waste in 337 first-to-fifth-tier cities across the country reached about 343 million tons. Direct power generation through waste incineration can realize the organic combination of social and economic benefits, which is of great significance for improving ecological environment, alleviating energy problems and even sustainable development of urban economy.